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We aimed to study this association in two population-based cohorts and explore if BW, adjusted for gestational age, predicts adult lung function. We also tested adult lung function impairment according to the mis-match hypothesis\u2014small babies growing big as adults.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We included 3495 individuals (aged 46.4\u2009\u00b1\u20095.4\u00a0years) from the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP), Sweden, born between 1921 and 1949, and 1401 young to middle-aged individuals (aged 28.6\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7\u00a0years) from the Malmo Offspring Study (MOS) with complete data on BW and gestational age. Adult lung function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] and the FEV1\/FVC-ratio) were analysed as level of impairment (z-score), using multiple linear and logistic regressions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>BW (z-score) did not predict adult lung function in MPP, whereas BW was a significant (p\u2009=\u20090.003) predictor of FEV1 following full adjustment in MOS. For every additional unit increase in BW, children were 0.77 (95% CI 0.65\u20130.92) times less likely to have impaired adult lung function (FEV1). Moreover, adults born with lower BW (&lt;\u20093510\u00a0g) showed improved lung function (FEV1 and FEV1\/FVC in MOS and MPP, respectively) if they achieved higher adult body weight.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Adults born with lower birth weight, adjusted for gestational age, are more likely to have impaired lung function, seen in a younger birth cohort. Postnatal growth pattern may, however, compensate for low birth weight and contribute to better adult lung function.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-022-02269-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T07:02:52Z","timestamp":1671087772000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Can birth weight predict offspring\u2019s lung function in adult age? 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