{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T03:39:21Z","timestamp":1776742761933,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Startup Fund for Scientific Research, Fujian Medical University","award":["2020QH1152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020QH1152"]}]},{"name":"Startup Fund for Scientific Research, Fujian Medical University","award":["2019QH1165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QH1165"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respir Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:35:17Z","timestamp":1773394517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiological characteristics of six respiratory pathogens in respiratory infections in Fuzhou, China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Shaoting","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LIli","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danzhen","family":"Lunzhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiuqing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengju","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"15","key":"3617_CR1","first-page":"93","volume":"45","author":"H Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma H. Analysis of factors associated with nosocomial-acquired lower respiratory tract infection complicating acute myeloid leukemia in induced remission. Chin J Pract Med. 2018;45(15):93\u20135.","journal-title":"Chin J Pract Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09784-1","volume":"24","author":"P Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang P, et al. Analysis of the epidemic characteristics of common respiratory pathogens infection in children in a 3A special hospital. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24(1):879.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"3617_CR3","unstructured":"van Meel ER et al. Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children. Eur Respir J, 2022. 60(4)."},{"issue":"12","key":"3617_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.1988569","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, et al. Management of acute upper respiratory tract infection: the role of early intervention. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021;15(12):1517\u201323.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25518","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-77005-5","volume":"14","author":"T Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang T, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and meteorological factors of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospitalized children in eastern Guangdong, China. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):25518.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3617_CR6","unstructured":"Chaoju Yang JC, Zhou L, Huo L. Yanqing Tie., Analysis of IgM antibody against pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in children in Shijiazhuang. Chin. J. Microecol, 2017. 29(11):1326\u20131329."},{"issue":"4","key":"3617_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.01.009","volume":"104","author":"S Buckrell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buckrell S, et al. Sources of viral respiratory infections in Canadian acute care hospital healthcare personnel. J Hosp Infect. 2020;104(4):513\u201321.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"3617_CR8","unstructured":"Zuiming Jiang JP, Gu M, Liu J. Qing Ji., Analysis on pathogens in respiratory infection in 1 410 children. Chin J Infect Control (CJIC), 2013;. 12(2):129\u2013131."},{"key":"3617_CR9","unstructured":"Li J, Miao-ling JH, Liu Yuan-hong, Xiao K, Wang X. Zou., Disease burden and epidemic characteristics of pathogens causing acute respiratory infection in children in Guangzhou City. Chin J Infect Control (CJIC), 2023. 22(1):44\u201351."},{"key":"3617_CR10","unstructured":"Juan Xie MZ, Li X, Dang Xiao-jtin. Lixia Zhang., Clinical Significance of Detecting Immunoglobulin-M of Nine Pathogens in Serum of Children with Respiratory Tract Infection. J. Mod. Lab. Med., 2016. 2016;31(4):110-112116."},{"key":"3617_CR11","unstructured":"Hui Z, Liang P, Guang-Chao Z. Detection of IgM antibodies in pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in children. Chin J Nosocomiology, 2015."},{"key":"3617_CR12","unstructured":"Peng-Cheng L, et al. Epidemiological study of pathogens leading to lower respiratory infection among hospitalized children in Shanghai,2011\u20132014. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Pediatrics; 2015."},{"key":"3617_CR13","unstructured":"Liu Rui SB, Qiyue Z, Kailang W, Fang L. Zhu Chengliang., Etiological analysis of respiratory tract infection in 12 881 hospitalized children in Wuhan city. Med. J. Wuhan Univ., 2020. 41(5):791\u2013795."},{"issue":"4","key":"3617_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70021","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.70021","volume":"39","author":"H Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao H, et al. Effects of climate, virus, and host characteristics on the seroprevalence of pathogenic viruses in terrestrial mammals. Conserv Biol. 2025;39(4):e70021.","journal-title":"Conserv Biol"},{"key":"3617_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2023.104727","volume":"234","author":"YJ Ganlin Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ganlin Huang YJ, Weiqi Zhou, Steward TA, Pickett. Brendan Fisher., The impact of air pollution on behavior changes and outdoor recreation in Chinese cities. Landsc Urban Plan. 2023;234:104727.","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"issue":"2","key":"3617_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.10.015","volume":"43","author":"YL Kwok","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kwok YL, Gralton J, McLaws ML. Face touching: a frequent habit that has implications for hand hygiene. Am J Infect Control. 2015;43(2):112\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"3617_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-023-02432-1","volume":"40","author":"J Langer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Langer J, et al. High Clinical Burden of Influenza Disease in Adults Aged >\/= 65 Years: Can We Do Better? A Systematic Literature Review. Adv Ther. 2023;40(4):1601\u201327.","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"3617_CR18","first-page":"1813","volume":"41","author":"Q Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Q, et al. Analysis on seasonality, age distribution of influenza B cases and matching degree of influenza B vaccine in China, 2011\u20132019. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020;41(11):1813\u20137.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR19","first-page":"108","volume":"37","author":"XH Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan XH, Zhuang YM, Deng YL, Yang AP, Zhang YW. Seasonal epidemiological characteristics and dynamic changes of influenza viruses subtypes\/lineages in Guangdong, 2014\u20132020. Disease Surveillance. 2022;37(1):108\u201314.","journal-title":"Disease Surveillance"},{"issue":"2","key":"3617_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0011151","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011151","volume":"17","author":"MC Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu MC, et al. Prevalence of human infection with respiratory adenovirus in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023;17(2):e0011151.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"3617_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41612-025-00894-4","volume":"8","author":"HL Shuting Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shuting Shi HL, Jiang L, Zeng Z, Lin CX, Li P, et al. Development of a respiratory virus risk model with environmental data based on interpretable machine learning methods. npj Clim Atmos Sci. 2025;8:39.","journal-title":"npj Clim Atmos Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10066","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53872-4","volume":"15","author":"SC Kramer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kramer SC, et al. Characterizing the interactions between influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and their implications for epidemic control. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):10066.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63654-1","volume":"16","author":"K Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li K, Hamrin J, Nilsson A, Weinberger DM, Pitzer VE. Unraveling the role of viral interference in disrupting biennial RSV epidemics in northern Stockholm. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):8137.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3617_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang Z, Fan H, Tian Y, Lv Q. Epidemiological characteristics of six common respiratory pathogen infections in children. Microbiol Spectr. 2025 Jul;13(7):e0007925.","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00079-25"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03380-4","volume":"24","author":"A Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu A, et al. Significance of respiratory virus coinfection in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. BMC Pulm Med. 2024;24(1):585.","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3617_CR26","first-page":"1227","volume":"34","author":"CM GUO FB","year":"2024","unstructured":"GUO FB CM, ZHU MC, SONG Y. Epidemiological analysis of patients with acute respiratory infection in a hospital in Tianmen City in 2023. New Med. 2024;34(11):1227\u201333.","journal-title":"New Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"3617_CR27","first-page":"1082","volume":"37","author":"YC Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang YC, Liu WX, Yin F, Qingqin, Li JQ, Wang YH, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and macrolide-resistance of children hospitalized with Mycoplasma pneumo-niae infection in Beijing from 2016 to 2019. Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr. 2022;37(14):1082\u20135.","journal-title":"Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2482703","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2025.2482703","volume":"14","author":"YLP Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun Y, LP, Jin R, Liang Y, Yuan J, Lu Z, et al. Characterizing the epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in China in 2022\u20132024: a nationwide cross-sectional study of over 1.6 million cases. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2025;14(1):2482703.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"3617_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1283287","volume":"32","author":"JP Lynch 3rd","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lynch JP 3rd, Fishbein M, Echavarria M. Adenovirus Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;32(4):494\u2013511.","journal-title":"Adenovirus Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3617_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao X, et al. Associations Between Community Social Vulnerability or Socioeconomic Deprivation and Respiratory Virus Infection in Decedents in a Large, Urban Medical Examiner\u2019s Office. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities; 2025.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-025-02482-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514357","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2025.2514357","volume":"21","author":"MD Tanriover","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tanriover MD, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in adults: Current trends and recommendations for prevention - a global challenge from a local perspective. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025;21(1):2514357.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"1","key":"3617_CR32","first-page":"18","volume":"48","author":"TZS Yi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yi. TZS. Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in the elderly (2024 Edition). Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2025;48(1):18\u201334.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T02:52:09Z","timestamp":1776739929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3617"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-026-03617-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-993X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-993X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Fujian Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Fuzhou University((Fuzhou, China; No.K2024-12-213). Informed consent was not required due to the nature of the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"175"}}