{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T05:15:36Z","timestamp":1793078136914,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/12\/88\/29901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/12\/88\/29901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/1062\/28409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/1062\/28409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Diabetol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0681-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T05:08:39Z","timestamp":1520226519000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures of aortic stiffness in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes: association with glycaemic control and clinical outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7162-7079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter P.","family":"Swoboda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bara","family":"Erhayiem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam K.","family":"McDiarmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarique A.","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus K.","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Kearney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian H.","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramzi","family":"Ajjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Plein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"681_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.12.017","volume":"57","author":"JL Cavalcante","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cavalcante JL, Lima JA, Redheuil A, Al-Mallah MH. Aortic stiffness: current understanding and future directions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57(14):1511\u201322.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"681_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl254","volume":"27","author":"S Laurent","year":"2006","unstructured":"Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D, Pannier B, Vlachopoulos C, Wilkinson I, Struijker-Boudier H, et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(21):2588\u2013605.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9","key":"681_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.08.001","volume":"8","author":"MC Whitlock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Whitlock MC, Hundley WG. Noninvasive imaging of flow and vascular function in disease of the aorta. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8(9):1094\u2013106.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3132\/dvdr.2007.005","volume":"4","author":"JM Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee JM, Shirodaria C, Jackson CE, Robson MD, Antoniades C, Francis JM, Wiesmann F, Channon KM, Neubauer S, Choudhury RP. Multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging quantifies atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Vasc Dis Res. 2007;4(1):44\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes Vasc Dis Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/10976640601093703","volume":"9","author":"RW Meer van der","year":"2007","unstructured":"van der Meer RW, Diamant M, Westenberg JJ, Doornbos J, Bax JJ, de Roos A, Lamb HJ. Magnetic resonance assessment of aortic pulse wave velocity, aortic distensibility, and cardiac function in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2007;9(4):645\u201351.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.134031","volume":"55","author":"RB Stacey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stacey RB, Bertoni AG, Eng J, Bluemke DA, Hundley WG, Herrington D. Modification of the effect of glycemic status on aortic distensibility by age in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Hypertension. 2010;55(1):26\u201332.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"681_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1689-9","volume":"53","author":"DR Webb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Webb DR, Khunti K, Silverman R, Gray LJ, Srinivasan B, Lacy PS, Williams B, Davies MJ. Impact of metabolic indices on central artery stiffness: independent association of insulin resistance and glucose with aortic pulse wave velocity. Diabetologia. 2010;53(6):1190\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"11","key":"681_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3772","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0506","volume":"36","author":"CR Cardoso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cardoso CR, Ferreira MT, Leite NC, Salles GF. Prognostic impact of aortic stiffness in high-risk type 2 diabetic patients: the Rio de Janeiro Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Study. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(11):3772\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"681_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2015.08.001","volume":"25","author":"Q Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen Q, Chiheb S, Fysekidis M, Jaber Y, Brahimi M, Nguyen MT, Millasseau S, Cosson E, Valensi P. Arterial stiffness is elevated in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;25(11):1041\u20139.","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"681_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2791","volume":"38","author":"MT Ferreira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ferreira MT, Leite NC, Cardoso CR, Salles GF. Correlates of aortic stiffness progression in patients with type 2 diabetes: importance of glycemic control: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(5):897\u2013904.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"24","key":"681_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.09.060","volume":"64","author":"A Redheuil","year":"2014","unstructured":"Redheuil A, Wu CO, Kachenoura N, Ohyama Y, Yan RT, Bertoni AG, Hundley GW, Duprez DA, Jacobs DR Jr, Daniels LB, et al. Proximal aortic distensibility is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and incident CV events: the MESA study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(24):2619\u201329.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"681_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-16-33","volume":"16","author":"CD Maroules","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maroules CD, Khera A, Ayers C, Goel A, Peshock RM, Abbara S, King KS. Cardiovascular outcome associations among cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures of arterial stiffness: the Dallas heart study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2014;16:33.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.4.421","volume":"286","author":"HC Gerstein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Yi Q, Zinman B, Dinneen SF, Hoogwerf B, Halle JP, Young J, Rashkow A, Joyce C, et al. Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. JAMA. 2001;286(4):421\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678342","volume":"116","author":"EL Schiffrin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schiffrin EL, Lipman ML, Mann JF. Chronic kidney disease: effects on the cardiovascular system. Circulation. 2007;116(1):85\u201397.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"681_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000139860.33974.28","volume":"110","author":"D Zeeuw de","year":"2004","unstructured":"de Zeeuw D, Remuzzi G, Parving HH, Keane WF, Zhang Z, Shahinfar S, Snapinn S, Cooper ME, Mitch WE, Brenner BM. Albuminuria, a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Circulation. 2004;110(8):921\u20137.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"681_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.348","volume":"174","author":"J Cheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheng J, Zhang W, Zhang X, Han F, Li X, He X, Li Q, Chen J. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular deaths, and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(5):773\u201385.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"681_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.03.066","volume":"54","author":"NC Edwards","year":"2009","unstructured":"Edwards NC, Steeds RP, Stewart PM, Ferro CJ, Townend JN. Effect of spironolactone on left ventricular mass and aortic stiffness in early-stage chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54(6):505\u201312.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.3109\/10641963.2014.960974","volume":"37","author":"DP Ripley","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ripley DP, Negrou K, Oliver JJ, Worthy G, Struthers AD, Plein S, Greenwood JP. Aortic remodelling following the treatment and regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2015;37(4):308\u201316.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Hypertens"},{"issue":"9","key":"681_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1318","volume":"101","author":"PP Swoboda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swoboda PP, McDiarmid AK, Erhayiem B, Haaf P, Kidambi A, Fent GJ, Dobson LE, Musa TA, Garg P, Law GR, et al. A novel and practical screening tool for the detection of silent myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(9):3316\u201323.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"681_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005539","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.005539","volume":"6","author":"PP Swoboda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Swoboda PP, McDiarmid AK, Erhayiem B, Ripley DP, Dobson LE, Garg P, Musa TA, Witte KK, Kearney MT, Barth JH, et al. Diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria, and subclinical cardiac disease: identification and monitoring of individuals at risk of heart failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(7):e005539.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.9-4-353","volume":"9","author":"L Sibal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sibal L, Home PD. Management of type 2 diabetes: nICE guidelines. Clin Med. 2009;9(4):353\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000060460.52916.D6","volume":"23","author":"JJ Oliver","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oliver JJ, Webb DJ. Noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness and risk of atherosclerotic events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23(4):554\u201366.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"681_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e31824f54cb","volume":"47","author":"A Huber","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huber A, Sourbron S, Klauss V, Schaefer J, Bauner KU, Schweyer M, Reiser M, Rummeny E, Rieber J. Magnetic resonance perfusion of the myocardium: semiquantitative and quantitative evaluation in comparison with coronary angiography and fractional flow reserve. Investig Radiol. 2012;47(6):332\u20138.","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"681_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-12-26","volume":"12","author":"ESH Ibrahim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ibrahim ESH, Johnson KR, Miller AB, Shaffer JM, White RD. Measuring aortic pulse wave velocity using high-field cardiovascular magnetic resonance: comparison of techniques. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2010;12:26.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0557-z","volume":"16","author":"M Kozakova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kozakova M, Morizzo C, Fraser AG, Palombo C. Impact of glycemic control on aortic stiffness, left ventricular mass and diastolic longitudinal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):78.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185117706201","volume":"59","author":"R Homsi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Homsi R, Sprinkart AM, Gieseke J, Meier-Schroers M, Yuecel S, Fischer S, Nadal J, Dabir D, Luetkens JA, Kuetting DL, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance based evaluation of aortic stiffness and epicardial fat volume in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and myocardial infarction. Acta Radiol. 2018;59(1):65\u201371.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"681_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu121","volume":"15","author":"JN Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan JN, Wilmot EG, Leggate M, Singh A, Yates T, Nimmo M, Khunti K, Horsfield MA, Biglands J, Clarysse P, et al. Subclinical diastolic dysfunction in young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multiparametric contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance pilot study assessing potential mechanisms. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(11):1263\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"681_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0621-8","volume":"16","author":"A Solini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Solini A, Giannini L, Seghieri M, Vitolo E, Taddei S, Ghiadoni L, Bruno RM. Dapagliflozin acutely improves endothelial dysfunction, reduces aortic stiffness and renal resistive index in type 2 diabetic patients: a pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):138.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"13","key":"681_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.10.061","volume":"55","author":"C Vlachopoulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(13):1318\u201327.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"681_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000033824.02722.F7","volume":"106","author":"K Cruickshank","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cruickshank K, Riste L, Anderson SG, Wright JS, Dunn G, Gosling RG. Aortic pulse-wave velocity and its relationship to mortality in diabetes and glucose intolerance: an integrated index of vascular function? Circulation. 2002;106(16):2085\u201390.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"22","key":"681_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","volume":"373","author":"B Zinman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, Fitchett D, Bluhmki E, Hantel S, Mattheus M, Devins T, Johansen OE, Woerle HJ, et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117\u201328.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"681_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827","volume":"375","author":"SP Marso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, Kristensen P, Mann JF, Nauck MA, Nissen SE, Pocock S, Poulter NR, Ravn LS, et al. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(4):311\u201322.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"681_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.570648","volume":"113","author":"RY Kwong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kwong RY, Chan AK, Brown KA, Chan CW, Reynolds HG, Tsang S, Davis RB. Impact of unrecognized myocardial scar detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on event-free survival in patients presenting with signs or symptoms of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2006;113(23):2733\u201343.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"681_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1001\/2012.jama.11089","volume":"308","author":"EB Schelbert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schelbert EB, Cao JJ, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Kellman P, Aletras AH, Dyke CK, Thorgeirsson G, Eiriksdottir G, Launer LJ, et al. Prevalence and prognosis of unrecognized myocardial infarction determined by cardiac magnetic resonance in older adults. JAMA. 2012;308(9):890\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Diabetology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12933-018-0681-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T19:28:00Z","timestamp":1551727680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiab.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12933-018-0681-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-018-0681-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2840"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2840","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 March 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"35"}}