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Recent studies indicate a paradoxical relationship between adiponectin and cardiovascular mortality across many clinical settings including type 2 diabetes. In this study, we characterized the clinical features of type 2 diabetes patients with increased adiponectin levels and examined the association between omentin and atherosclerosis in those patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The subjects were 413 patients with type 2 diabetes. Fasting plasma omentin and total adiponectin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery was measured by ultrasonography. The subjects were stratified according to the median value of plasma adiponectin.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In high-adiponectin group, omentin levels were higher, while IMT tended to be greater than those in low-adiponectin group. The high-adiponectin group also exhibited older age, higher systolic blood pressure, lower kidney function, body mass index, and insulin resistance index compared to the low-adiponectin group. Multivariate analysis revealed that omentin levels were independently and negatively associated with IMT in high-adiponectin group, but not in low-adiponectin group, after adjusting for adiponectin levels and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. On the other hand, adiponectin levels were not significantly associated with IMT in either group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Plasma omentin levels are inversely associated with IMT in type 2 diabetes patients with increased adiponectin levels and multiple cardiovascular risk factors. This study suggests a protective role of omentin against atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients, which is potentially influenced by adiponectin level and cardiovascular risk status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0973-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T13:02:56Z","timestamp":1575550976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Plasma omentin levels are inversely associated with atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with increased plasma adiponectin levels: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Masami","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2329-8191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Morioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Kakutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Kurajoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhito","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Fukumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Shioi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Emoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"973_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23456","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M103162200","volume":"276","author":"S Tsuji","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tsuji S, Uehori J, Matsumoto M, Suzuki Y, Matsuhisa A, Toyoshima K, Seya T. 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