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This study aims to fill this gap.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this single-center retrospective study, medical records of hospitalized adults with confirmed Covid-19 [RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV2] at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC)-King Khaled University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May to July 2020 were analyzed. Clinical, radiological and serological information, as well as outcomes were recorded and analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 439 patients were included (median age 55\u00a0years; 68.3% men). The most prevalent comorbidities were vitamin D deficiency (74.7%), DM (68.3%), hypertension (42.6%) and obesity (42.2%). During hospitalization, 77 out of the 439 patients (17.5%) died. DM patients have a significantly higher death rate (20.5% versus 12.3%; p\u2009=\u20090.04) and lower survival time (p\u2009=\u20090.016) than non-DM. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that age [Hazards ratio, HR 3.0 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.7\u20135.3); p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001], congestive heart failure [adjusted HR 3.5 (CI 1.4\u20138.3); p\u2009=\u20090.006], smoking [adjusted HR 5.8 (CI 2.0\u201317.2); p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001], \u03b2-blocker use [adjusted HR 1.7 (CI 1.0\u20132.9); p\u2009=\u20090.04], bilateral lung infiltrates [adjusted HR 1.9 (CI 1.1\u20133.3); p\u2009=\u20090.02], creatinine\u2009&gt;\u200990\u00a0\u00b5mol\/l [adjusted HR 2.1 (CI 1.3\u20133.5); p\u2009=\u20090.004] and 25(OH)D\u2009&lt;\u200912.5\u00a0nmol\/l [adjusted HR 7.0 (CI 1.7\u201328.2); p\u2009=\u20090.007] were significant predictors of mortality among hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Random blood glucose\u2009\u2265\u200911.1\u00a0mmol\/l was significantly associated with intensive care admission [adjusted HR 1.5 (CI 1.0\u20132.2); p\u2009=\u20090.04], as well as smoking, \u03b2-blocker use, neutrophil\u2009&gt;\u20097.5, creatinine\u2009&gt;\u200990\u00a0\u00b5mol\/l and alanine aminotransferase\u2009&gt;\u200965U\/l.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The prevalence of DM is high among hospitalized Covid-19 patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. While DM patients have a higher mortality rate than their non-DM counterparts, other factors such as old age, congestive heart failure, smoking, \u03b2-blocker use, presence of bilateral lung infiltrates, elevated creatinine and severe vitamin D deficiency, appear to be more significant predictors of fatal outcome. Patients with acute metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia on admission are more likely to receive intensive care.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01184-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]],"date-time":"2020-12-05T14:02:36Z","timestamp":1607176956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5800-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah M.","family":"Alguwaihes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed E.","family":"Al-Sofiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maram","family":"Megdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakhar S.","family":"Albader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad H.","family":"Alsari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Alelayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad H.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"Sabico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasser M.","family":"Al-Daghri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anwar A.","family":"Jammah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1184_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. 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