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C-reactive protein (CRP) is induced by inflammatory cytokines and reflects innate immune activity. We investigated the prospective associations between CRP during the perinatal period with adverse metabolic outcomes at 1\u00a0year postpartum in women with previous GDM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed data from the MySweetheart trial that included 211 women with GDM at 28\u201332\u00a0weeks gestational age\u00a0(GA). CRP was measured during\u00a0 pregnancy\u00a0at 28-32 weeks GA, at 6\u20138\u00a0weeks and at 1\u00a0year postpartum. Metabolic outcomes at 1\u00a0year postpartum included weight, total and central body fat, measures of insulin resistance and secretion and presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). A 75\u00a0g oral glucose tolerance test was performed to measure glucose and insulin values every 30\u00a0min over 2\u00a0h to calculate indices of insulin resistance (MATSUDA, HOMA-IR) and of absolute (AUC\n                      <jats:sub>ins\/glu<\/jats:sub>\n                      , HOMA-B) and insulin resistance-adjusted insulin secretion (ISSI-2).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CRP during pregnancy and at 6\u20138\u00a0weeks postpartum predicted increased weight, body fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), insulin resistance (higher HOMA-IR, lower MATSUDA), absolute insulin secretion (HOMA-B, AUC\n                      <jats:sub>ins\/glu<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), a reduced adjusted insulin secretion (ISSI-2) and a higher prevalence of the MetS at 1\u00a0year postpartum (all p\u2009\u2264\u20090.036). These relationships particularly those concerning CRP during pregnancy, were independent of weight ( for\u00a0VAT, insulin resistance and secretion indices, MetS; all p\u2009\u2264\u20090.032) and of body fat ( for\u00a0VAT, MATSUDA, MetS; all p\u2009\u2264\u20090.038).\u00a0\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRP during pregnancy and in the early postpartum predicted an adverse cardio-metabolic profile in women with prior GDM at 1\u00a0year postpartum independent of weight. The prospective association of CRP with increased insulin resistance and reduced adjusted insulin secretion hint to the role of inflammation in the development of impaired metabolism after GDM and could be used as an early marker for risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-02034-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T13:01:46Z","timestamp":1698411706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["C-reactive protein during pregnancy and in the early postpartum predicts adverse metabolic health outcomes at 1\u00a0year postpartum in women with gestational diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Dan Yedu","family":"Quansah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Horsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc Y.","family":"Donath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jardena J.","family":"Puder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the MySweetheart research group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amar","family":"Arhab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Bovet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Chiolero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Di Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adina Mihaela","family":"Epure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine Estoppey","family":"Younes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Horsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Lanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyda","family":"Mayerat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvan","family":"Mivelaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jardena J.","family":"Puder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan Yedu","family":"Quansah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Benoit","family":"Rossel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Sekarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Simeoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bobby","family":"Stuijfzand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvan","family":"Via.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2034_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4840-2","volume":"62","author":"CK Kramer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kramer CK, Campbell S, Retnakaran R. 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