{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T03:39:32Z","timestamp":1794627572290,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Diabetol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T03:45:32Z","timestamp":1749872732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Association of atherogenic index of plasma and its modified indices with stroke risk in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0\u20133: a longitudinal analysis based on CHARLS"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisha","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuchuan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"2784_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001186","volume":"148","author":"CE Ndumele","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ndumele CE, Neeland IJ, Tuttle KR, et al. A synopsis of the evidence for the science and clinical management of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023;148(20):1636\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001186.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"20","key":"2784_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","volume":"148","author":"CE Ndumele","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ndumele CE, Rangaswami J, Chow SL, et al. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023;148(20):1606\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"2784_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","volume":"76","author":"GA Roth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982\u20133021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2784_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.1326","volume":"1","author":"S Sidney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sidney S, Quesenberry CP, Jaffe MG, et al. Recent trends in cardiovascular mortality in the United States and public health goals. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;1(5):594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.1326.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2784_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000140677.20606.0E","volume":"110","author":"S Malik","year":"2004","unstructured":"Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation. 2004;110(10):1245\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000140677.20606.0E.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"24","key":"2784_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001191","volume":"148","author":"SS Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan SS, Coresh J, Pencina MJ, et al. Novel prediction equations for absolute risk assessment of total cardiovascular disease incorporating cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023;148(24):1982\u20132004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001191.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"2784_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162781","volume":"16","author":"G Gallo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gallo G, Desideri G, Savoia C. Update on obesity and cardiovascular risk: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nutrients. 2024;16(16):2781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16162781.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16006","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16006","volume":"31","author":"C Meisinger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Meisinger C, Freuer D, Schmitz T, et al. Inflammation biomarkers in acute ischemic stroke according to different etiologies. Euro J Neurol. 2024;31(1):e16006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.16006.","journal-title":"Euro J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2784_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2019.08.009","volume":"50","author":"JC Fern\u00e1ndez-Mac\u00edas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Mac\u00edas JC, Ochoa-Mart\u00ednez AC, Varela-Silva JA, P\u00e9rez-Maldonado IN. Atherogenic index of plasma: novel predictive biomarker for cardiovascular illnesses. Arch Med Res. 2019;50(5):285\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2019.08.009.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2784_CR10","first-page":"50","volume":"18","author":"SA Althwab","year":"2024","unstructured":"Althwab SA, Abdulmonem WA, Allemailem KS, Alarifi SA, Hamad EM. Prediction of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adults from Saudi Arabia using the logarithm of triglyceride\/HDL-cholesterol ratio. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2024;18(2):50\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2784_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2010.02.005","volume":"4","author":"A Onat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Onat A, Can G, Kaya H, Hergen\u00e7 G. \u201cAtherogenic index of plasma\u201d (log10 triglyceride\/high-density lipoprotein\u2212cholesterol) predicts high blood pressure, diabetes, and vascular events. J Clin Lipidol. 2010;4(2):89\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacl.2010.02.005.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01983-5","volume":"22","author":"RR Huo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huo RR, Zhai L, Liao Q, You XM. Changes in the triglyceride glucose-body mass index estimate the risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023;22(1):254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-023-01983-5.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02165-7","volume":"23","author":"Y Shao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shao Y, Hu H, Li Q, Cao C, Liu D, Han Y. Link between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and future stroke risk in middle-aged and elderly chinese: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-024-02165-7.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-02115-9","volume":"23","author":"K Dang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dang K, Wang X, Hu J, et al. The association between triglyceride-glucose index and its combination with obesity indicators and cardiovascular disease: NHANES 2003\u20132018. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-023-02115-9.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02278-z","volume":"23","author":"C Cui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cui C, Qi Y, Song J, et al. Comparison of triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices in prediction of cardiovascular diseases in middle aged and older Chinese adults. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-024-02278-z.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2784_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2025.01.022","author":"X Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang X, Miao S. Enhanced stroke risk stratification using triglyceride-glucose-waist circumference in Chinese adults without diabetes. Am J Prev Med. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2025.01.022.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02662-3","volume":"24","author":"J Hong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hong J, Zhang R, Tang H, Wu S, Chen Y, Tan X. Comparison of triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices in predicting cardiovascular diseases incidence among populations with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0\u20133: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025;24(1):98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02662-3.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Hu Y, Smith JP, Strauss J, Yang G. Cohort profile: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(1):61\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dys203.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7624","key":"2784_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","volume":"335","author":"EV Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"Elm EV, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. BMJ. 2007;335(7624):806\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7","key":"2784_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(01)00263-6","volume":"34","author":"M Dobi\u00e1s\u0306ov\u00e1","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dobi\u00e1s\u0306ov\u00e1 M, Frohlich J. The plasma parameter log (TG\/HDL-C) as an atherogenic index: correlation with lipoprotein particle size and esterification rate inapob-lipoprotein-depleted plasma (FERHDL). Clin Biochem. 2001;34(7):583\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0009-9120(01)00263-6.","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01936-y","volume":"22","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen S, Tian X, et al. Association between cumulative atherogenic index of plasma exposure and risk of myocardial infarction in the general population. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023;22(1):210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-023-01936-y.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02352-6","volume":"23","author":"W Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li W, Shen C, Kong W, et al. Association between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index and future cardiovascular disease risk in a population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0\u20133: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-024-02352-6.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2784_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad885","volume":"45","author":"D He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He D, Wang Z, Li J, et al. Changes in frailty and incident cardiovascular disease in three prospective cohorts. Eur Heart J. 2024;45(12):1058\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad885.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2784_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101264","volume":"44","author":"K Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao K, Cao LF, Ma WZ, et al. Association between sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults: findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study. eClinicalMedicine. 2022;44:101264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101264.","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2784_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007716","author":"F Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng F, Yan L, Zhong B, Yang Z, Xie W. Progression of cognitive decline before and after incident stroke. Neurology. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007716.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2784_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1916591","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16591","volume":"2","author":"H Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li H, Zheng D, Li Z, et al. Association of depressive symptoms with incident cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(12):e1916591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16591.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"2784_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2937","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006040368","volume":"17","author":"YC Ma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ma YC, Zuo L, Chen JH, et al. Modified glomerular filtration rate estimating equation for Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(10):2937\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2006040368.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2784_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101143","volume":"41","author":"NVV Chau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chau NVV, Ngoc NM, Nguyet LA, et al. An observational study of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 delta variant infections among vaccinated healthcare workers in Vietnam. eClinicalMedicine. 2021;41:101143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101143.","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"2784_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5120\/11430-6785","volume":"67","author":"A Singh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Singh A, Yadav A, Rana A. K-means with three different distance metrics. IJCA. 2013;67(10):13\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5120\/11430-6785.","journal-title":"IJCA"},{"key":"2784_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80716","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2988796","volume":"8","author":"KP Sinaga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sinaga KP, Yang MS. Unsupervised K-means clustering algorithm. IEEE Access. 2020;8:80716\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2988796.","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2784_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2019.11.008","volume":"6","author":"EM Tanner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tanner EM, Bornehag CG, Gennings C. Repeated holdout validation for weighted quantile sum regression. MethodsX. 2019;6:2855\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mex.2019.11.008.","journal-title":"MethodsX"},{"issue":"4","key":"2784_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.886655","volume":"121","author":"GF Mitchell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mitchell GF, Hwang SJ, Vasan RS, et al. Arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2010;121(4):505\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.886655.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2784_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e007621","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007621","volume":"7","author":"MA Said","year":"2018","unstructured":"Said MA, Eppinga RN, Lipsic E, Verweij N, van der Harst P. Relationship of arterial stiffness index and pulse pressure with cardiovascular disease and mortality. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(2):e007621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.007621.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"2784_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000935","volume":"34","author":"SV Greve","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greve SV, Blicher MK, Kruger R, et al. Estimated carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity has similar predictive value as measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. J Hypertens. 2016;34(7):1279\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000935.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"10","key":"2784_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1912831","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.12831","volume":"2","author":"C Vlachopoulos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vlachopoulos C, Terentes-Printzios D, Laurent S, et al. Association of estimated pulse wave velocity with survival: a secondary analysis of sprint. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(10):e1912831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.12831.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-021-01446-9","volume":"22","author":"MN Rana","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rana MN, Neeland IJ. Adipose tissue inflammation and cardiovascular disease: an update. Curr Diab Rep. 2022;22(1):27\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11892-021-01446-9.","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"2784_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30084-1","volume":"7","author":"IJ Neeland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neeland IJ, Ross R, Despr\u00e9s JP, et al. Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: a position statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7(9):715\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30084-1.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02314-y","volume":"23","author":"L Qu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qu L, Fang S, Lan Z, et al. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and new-onset stroke in individuals with different glucose metabolism status: insights from CHARLS. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23(1):215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-024-02314-y.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2784_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01732-0","volume":"22","author":"Y Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang Y, Huang X, Wang Y, et al. The impact of triglyceride-glucose index on ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023;22(1):2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-022-01732-0.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2784_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800034-JLR200","volume":"50","author":"KA Rye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rye KA, Bursill CA, Lambert G, Tabet F, Barter PJ. The metabolism and anti-atherogenic properties of HDL. J Lipid Res. 2009;50(Suppl):S195-200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.R800034-JLR200.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2784_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000033","volume":"66","author":"RR Townsend","year":"2015","unstructured":"Townsend RR, Wilkinson IB, Schiffrin EL, et al. Recommendations for improving and standardizing vascular research on arterial stiffness: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2015;66(3):698\u2013722. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000033.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"8","key":"2784_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.03.009","volume":"38","author":"B Fan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fan B, Zhang T, Li S, et al. Differential roles of life-course cumulative burden of cardiovascular risk factors in arterial stiffness and thickness. Can J Cardiol. 2022;38(8):1253\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.03.009.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2784_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001297","volume":"35","author":"ICL van den Munckhof","year":"2017","unstructured":"van den Munckhof ICL, Holewijn S, de Graaf J, Rutten JHW. Sex differences in fat distribution influence the association between BMI and arterial stiffness. J Hypertens. 2017;35(6):1219\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001297.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"2784_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-023-01350-7","volume":"46","author":"A Ishida","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ishida A, Taira H, Shinzato T, Ohya Y. Association between visceral fat mass and arterial stiffness among community-based screening participants. Hypertens Res. 2023;46(11):2488\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-023-01350-7.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2784_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys168","volume":"42","author":"A Steptoe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Steptoe A, Breeze E, Banks J, Nazroo J. Cohort profile: the English longitudinal study of ageing. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(6):1640\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dys168.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"2784_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318792696","volume":"25","author":"NK Valtorta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Valtorta NK, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Hanratty B. Loneliness, social isolation and risk of cardiovascular disease in the English longitudinal study of ageing. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(13):1387\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487318792696.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Diabetology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T03:45:33Z","timestamp":1749872733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiab.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02784-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2840"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2840","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declartions"}},{"value":"The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking University. The patients\/participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"254"}}