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In this study, we recruited 18 IBS patients with mild-modest anxiety and depression behaviors, and after the screening, we defined the FMT treatment group (n\u2009=\u20099) and the control group (n\u2009=\u20099). The IBS symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) and Bristol stool scale (BSS) were evaluated one week before FMT (baseline), one-week-, one-month-, two-month-, and three-month-following FMT. Meanwhile, we determined the SCFAs in the patient\u2019s feces and serum and continued the metagenomic analysis of the microorganisms in the patient\u2019s feces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that the patient\u2019s anxiety and depression behavior gradually improved with FMT treatment. Moreover, the illness and quality of life had also been relieved significantly. The content of isovaleric acid and valeric acid was significantly reduced in the FMT group compared to the Col group. Metagenomic analysis showed that FMT treatment decreased the abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      . From KEGG functional analysis, we confirmed that the top five abundant pathways were \u201cbacterial chemotaxis, \u201cflagellar assembly\u201d, \u201cglycine, serine and threonine metabolism\u201d, \u201capoptosis\u201d, and \u201cbacterial invasion of epithelial cells\u201d.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FMT treatment can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression behaviors of IBS-D patients and reduce the IBS-SSS score, indicating that FMT can improve patients\u2019 symptoms. The high throughput sequencing results show that\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      play the most critical role in the formation and recovery of IBS-D patients. The GC\/MS data indicated that faeces isovaleric acid and valeric acid might be more suitable as a metabolic indicator of IBS-D remission.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Trial registration<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900024924, Registered 3 August 2019,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=41676\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/showproj.aspx?proj=41676<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-021-01720-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T09:03:25Z","timestamp":1640682205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["The multiple effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) patients with anxiety and depression behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr1900024924","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songlin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijian","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianquan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianbo","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7964-7899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1720_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0286-8","volume":"17","author":"CJ Black","year":"2020","unstructured":"Black CJ, Ford AC. 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