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Currently, most commercial swIAV vaccines are traditional inactivated virus vaccines. The <jats:italic>Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>-based vaccine platform is a promising approach for mucosal vaccine development. Oral and intranasal immunisations have the potential to induce a mucosal immune response, which confers protective immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential and adhesion ability of three <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strains. Furthermore, a recombinant <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strain expressing the head domain of swIAV antigen HA1 was constructed and evaluated for its ability to prevent swIAV infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The three <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from healthy pig faecal samples maintained the highest survival rate when incubated at pH 3 and at bile salt concentration of 0.3%. They also showed high adherence to intestinal cells. All three <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strains were monitored in live mice, and no major differences in transit time were observed. Recombinant <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> expressed swIAV HA1 protein (pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3) and conferred effective mucosal, cellular and systemic immune responses in the intestine as well as in the upper respiratory airways of mice. In conclusion, the oral and intranasal administration of <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strain pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3 in mice induced mucosal immunity and most importantly, provided protection against lethal influenza virus challenge.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In summary, these findings suggest that the engineered <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> strain pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3 can be considered as an alternative approach for developing a novel vaccine during an swine influenza A pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-022-01911-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T12:05:18Z","timestamp":1662725118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Oral or intranasal immunization with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum displaying head domain of Swine Influenza A virus hemagglutinin protects mice from H1N1 virus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yufei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meilin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1911_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108968","volume":"253","author":"S Landreth","year":"2021","unstructured":"Landreth S, Detmer S, Gerdts V, Zhou Y. 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