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The majority of industrially relevant laccases are derived from fungi and are produced in eukaryotic expression systems such as<jats:italic>Pichia pastoris<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>. Bacterial laccases for research purposes are mostly produced intracellularly in<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, but secretory expression systems are needed for future applications. Bacterial laccases from<jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>spp. are of interest for potential industrial applications because of their lignin degrading activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we expressed small laccases genes from<jats:italic>Streptomyces coelicolor<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Streptomyces viridosporus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Amycolatopsis<\/jats:italic>75iv2 with their native signal sequences in Gram-positive<jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Streptomyces lividans<\/jats:italic>host organisms. The extracellular activities of<jats:italic>Sc<\/jats:italic>Lac,<jats:italic>Sv<\/jats:italic>Lac and<jats:italic>Am<\/jats:italic>Lac expressed in<jats:italic>S. lividans<\/jats:italic>reached 1950\u2009\u00b1\u200999 U\/l, 812\u2009\u00b1\u200957 U\/l and 12\u2009\u00b1\u20091 U\/l in the presence of copper supplementation. The secretion of the small laccases was irrespective of the copper supplementation; however, activities upon reconstitution with copper after expression were significantly lower, indicating the importance of copper during laccase production. The production of small laccases in<jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>resulted in extracellular activity that was significantly lower than in<jats:italic>S. lividans<\/jats:italic>. Unexpectedly,<jats:italic>Am<\/jats:italic>Lac and<jats:italic>Sc<\/jats:italic>Lac were secreted without their native signal sequences in<jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>, indicating that<jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>secretes some heterologous proteins via an unknown pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Small laccases from<jats:italic>S. coelicolor<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>S. viridosporus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Amycolatopsis<\/jats:italic>75iv2 were secreted in both Gram-positive expression hosts<jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>S. lividans<\/jats:italic>, but the extracellular activities were significantly higher in the latter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-023-02075-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T03:45:54Z","timestamp":1681703154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Secretory expression of recombinant small laccase genes in Gram-positive bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Silja","family":"V\u00e4limets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Pedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovika Jessica","family":"Virginia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai Ngoc","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clemens","family":"Peterbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2075_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoshida H. 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