{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T08:42:37Z","timestamp":1776501757072,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31772782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31772782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32102722"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102722"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microb Cell Fact"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:42:07Z","timestamp":1740109327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The potential application of isoxanthohumol in inhibiting Clostridium perfringens infection by targeting the type IV pili"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Zeyu","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jichuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongmei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuming","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaoling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianghua","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0144-8","volume":"7","author":"R Kiu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kiu R, Hall LJ. An update on the human and animal enteric pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2018;7(1):141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41426-018-0144-8.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"2644_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01385-z","volume":"8","author":"R Kiu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kiu R, Shaw AG, Sim K, Acuna-Gonzalez A, Price CA, Bedwell H, et al. Particular genomic and virulence traits associated with preterm infant-derived toxigenic Clostridium perfringens strains. Nat Microbiol. 2023;8(6):1160\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-023-01385-z.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"2644_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2018.06.002","volume":"53","author":"FA Uzal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uzal FA, Navarro MA, Li J, Freedman JC, Shrestha A, McClane BA. Comparative pathogenesis of enteric clostridial infections in humans and animals. Anaerobe. 2018;53:11\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2018.06.002.","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"2644_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278718","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1278718","volume":"13","author":"L Badilla-Vargas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badilla-Vargas L, Pereira R, Molina-Mora JA, Alape-Gir\u00f3n A, Flores-D\u00edaz M. Clostridium perfringens phospholipase C, an archetypal bacterial virulence factor, induces the formation of extracellular traps by human neutrophils. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13:1278718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1278718.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2644_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.21.4.265","volume":"21","author":"SN Arseculeratne","year":"1980","unstructured":"Arseculeratne SN, Panabokke RG, Navaratnam C. Pathogenesis of necrotising enteritis with special reference to intestinal hypersensitivity reactions. Gut. 1980;21(4):265\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.21.4.265.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"2","key":"2644_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638720905830","volume":"32","author":"CAO Junior","year":"2020","unstructured":"Junior CAO, Silva ROS, Lobato FCF, Navarro MA, Uzal FA. Gas gangrene in mammals: a review. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2020;32(2):175\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1040638720905830.","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1886777","volume":"12","author":"GI Mehdizadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mehdizadeh GI, Navarro M, Li J, Shrestha A, Uzal F, McClane B. Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridium perfringens. Virulence. 2021;12(1):723\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21505594.2021.1886777.","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-6453-z","volume":"21","author":"SR Soncini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soncini SR, Hartman AH, Camper GJ, Jensen RV, Melville SB. Changes in the expression of genes encoding type IV pili-associated proteins are seen when Clostridium perfringens is grown in liquid or on surfaces. BMC Genomics. 2020;21(1):45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12864-020-6453-z.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2644_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00578","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00578-20","volume":"203","author":"D Lepp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lepp D, Zhou Y, Ojha S, Mehdizadeh Gohari I, Carere J, Yang C, et al. Clostridium perfringens produces an adhesive pilus required for the pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis in poultry. J Bacteriol. 2021;203(7):e00578-e620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.00578-20.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2644_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00034","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00034-17","volume":"199","author":"WA Hendrick","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hendrick WA, Orr MW, Murray SR, Lee VT, Melville SB. Cyclic Di-GMP binding by an assembly ATPase (PilB2) and control of type IV pilin polymerization in the gram-positive pathogen Clostridium perfringens. J Bacteriol. 2017;199(10):e00034-e117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.00034-17.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2644_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07903.x","volume":"82","author":"S Tammam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tammam S, Sampaleanu LM, Koo J, Sundaram P, Ayers M, Chong PA, et al. Characterization of the PilN, PilO and PilP type IVa pilus subcomplex. Mol Microbiol. 2011;82(6):1496\u2013514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07903.x.","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2644_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5716","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00060-07","volume":"189","author":"SV Balasingham","year":"2007","unstructured":"Balasingham SV, Collins RF, Assalkhou R, Homberset H, Frye SA, Derrick JP, et al. Interactions between the lipoprotein PilP and the secretin PilQ in Neisseria meningitidis. J Bacteriol. 2007;189(15):5716\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.00060-07.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2644_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4944","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00692-08","volume":"76","author":"JJ Varga","year":"2008","unstructured":"Varga JJ, Therit B, Melville SB. Type IV pili and the CcpA protein are needed for maximal biofilm formation by the gram-positive anaerobic pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Infect Immun. 2008;76(11):4944\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.00692-08.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"2644_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01288-12","volume":"195","author":"H Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu H, Bouillaut L, Sonenshein AL, Melville SB. Use of a mariner-based transposon mutagenesis system to isolate Clostridium perfringens mutants deficient in gliding motility. J Bacteriol. 2013;195(3):629\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.01288-12.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2644_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-024-01472-5","volume":"32","author":"YN Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang YN, Han B, Zhang MQ, Chai NN, Yu FL, Qi WH, et al. Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of isoxanthohumol on DSS-induced colitis: regulating T cell development, restoring gut microbiota, and improving metabolic disorders. Inflammopharmacology. 2024;32(3):1983\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10787-024-01472-5.","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2644_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22804","volume":"9","author":"F Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang F, Shin JY, Kang ES, Kim JH, Jang SI, Cho BO. Kushenol C from Sophora flavescens protects against UVB-induced skin damage in mice through suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress. Heliyon. 2023;9(12): e22804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22804.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"77","key":"2644_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2023.101797","volume":"11","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Watanabe Y, Fujisaka S, Morinaga Y, Watanabe S, Nawaz A, Hatta H, et al. Isoxanthohumol improves obesity and glucose metabolism via inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption with a bloom of Akkermansia muciniphila in mice. Mol Metab. 2023;11(77): 101797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmet.2023.101797.","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"issue":"19","key":"2644_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10853","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910853","volume":"22","author":"YF Yan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yan YF, Wu TL, Du SS, Wu ZR, Hu YM, Zhang ZJ, et al. The antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol from Humulus lupulus Linn. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(19):10853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms221910853.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2644_CR19","unstructured":"Waugh E. M11-A8 methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. Approved standard M11-A7 2007.CLSI"},{"key":"2644_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-327-5_19","volume":"988","author":"M Broussas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Broussas M, Broyer L, Goetsch L. Evaluation of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurement. Methods Mol Biol. 2013;988:305\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-62703-327-5_19.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01407-07","volume":"190","author":"M Mendez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mendez M, Huang IH, Ohtani K, Ohtani K, Grau R, Shimizu T, et al. Carbon catabolite repression of type IV pilus-dependent gliding motility in the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium perfringens. J Bacteriol. 2008;190(1):48\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.01407-07.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2644_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00063-12","volume":"77","author":"S Melville","year":"2013","unstructured":"Melville S, Craig L. Type IV pili in Gram-positive bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2013;77(3):323\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/MMBR.00063-12.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2644_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.168","volume":"9","author":"FA Uzal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Uzal FA, Freedman JC, Shrestha A, Theoret JR, Garcia J, Awad MM, et al. Towards an understanding of the role of Clostridium perfringens toxins in human and animal disease. Future Microbiol. 2014;9(3):361\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fmb.13.168.","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2644_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2020.06.017","volume":"27","author":"MH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee MH, Nuccio SP, Raffatellu M. Pathogen interference: targeting virulence factors to tackle intracellular microbes. Cell Chem Biol. 2020;27(7):765\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chembiol.2020.06.017.","journal-title":"Cell Chem Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2644_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00922","volume":"121","author":"G Porras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Porras G, Chassagne F, Lyles JT, Marquez L, Dettweiler M, Salam AM, et al. Ethnobotany and the role of plant natural products in antibiotic drug discovery. Chem Rev. 2021;121(6):3495\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00922.","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-024-02410-4","volume":"23","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang J, Xu L, Zhou Y, Cui M, Liu D, Wang J, et al. Repurposing harmaline as a novel approach to reverse tmexCD1-toprJ1-mediated tigecycline resistance against Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Microb Cell Fact. 2024;23(1):152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12934-024-02410-4.","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"issue":"1","key":"2644_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-3542(03)00155-4","volume":"61","author":"VE Buckwold","year":"2004","unstructured":"Buckwold VE, Wilson RJ, Nalca A, Beer BB, Voss TG, Turpin JA, et al. Antiviral activity of hop constituents against a series of DNA and RNA viruses. Antiviral Res. 2004;61(1):57\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0166-3542(03)00155-4.","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2644_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.03.007","volume":"103","author":"AK \u017bo\u0142nierczyk","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u017bo\u0142nierczyk AK, Maczka WK, Grabarczyk M, Wi\u0144ska K, Wo\u017aniak E, Anio\u0142 M. Isoxanthohumol-Biologically active hop flavonoid. Fitoterapia. 2015;103:71\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.03.007.","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"}],"container-title":["Microbial Cell Factories"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:42:10Z","timestamp":1740109330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02644-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2859"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2859","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"45"}}