{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T18:10:01Z","timestamp":1770315001657,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007950","name":"Tanta University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microb Cell Fact"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The rise of difficult-to-treat fungal infections necessitates novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, endophytic fungi were isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>Acalypha hispida<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves and molecularly identified as\n                    <jats:italic>Penicillium oxalicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    via 18S rRNA sequencing. LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis of the fungal extract revealed major bioactive compounds, including linoleic acid, sinapinic acid, alternariol monomethyl ether, ellagic acid, and kaurenic acid. Oily-core poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly(lactide-\n                    <jats:italic>co<\/jats:italic>\n                    -glycolide) nanocapsules (PEGylated  PLGA NCs) were developed to encapsulate the fungal extract, improving stability and bioavailability. The PEGylated  PLGA NCs exhibited controlled particle size, positive surface charge, and spherical morphology. In vitro, the PEGylated  PLGA NCs demonstrated antifungal activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    with inhibition zones of 10\u201314\u00a0mm. In vivo, treatment significantly improved histological features of the kidney, liver, and spleen, and reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. In silico studies further confirmed the potential of the major compounds of the fungal extract to inhibit\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    aspartic proteinases SAP4-6. These findings suggest that PEGylated  PLGA NCs loaded with\n                    <jats:italic>P. oxalicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    extract represent a promising antifungal therapeutic strategy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:24:30Z","timestamp":1768548270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antifungal activity of oily core PEGylated  PLGA nanocapsules loaded with Penicillium oxalicum fungal extract: in vitro, in vivo, and in silico study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Engy","family":"Elekhnawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalia H.","family":"Abdelkader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duaa","family":"Eliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moataz A.","family":"Shaldam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walaa A.","family":"Negm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2891_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00720-1","volume":"20","author":"MC Fisher","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fisher MC, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Berman J, Bicanic T, Bignell EM, Bowyer P, Bromley M, Br\u00fcggemann R, Garber G, Cornely OA. Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022;20:557\u201371.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.12.009","volume":"110","author":"S Nami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nami S, Aghebati-Maleki A, Morovati H, Aghebati-Maleki L. Current antifungal drugs and immunotherapeutic approaches as promising strategies to treatment of fungal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;110:857\u201368.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2891_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10120871","volume":"10","author":"GA Ni\u00f1o-Vega","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ni\u00f1o-Vega GA, Padr\u00f3-Villegas L, L\u00f3pez-Romero E. New ground in antifungal discovery and therapy for invasive fungal infections: Innovations, challenges, and future directions. J Fungi. 2024;10:871.","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2891_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227830","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1227830","volume":"14","author":"P Jha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jha P, Kaur T, Chhabra I, Panja A, Paul S, Kumar V, Malik T. Endophytic fungi: hidden treasure chest of antimicrobial metabolites interrelationship of endophytes and metabolites. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1227830.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4218","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA10857B","volume":"10","author":"KY Hern\u00e1ndez-Giottonini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Giottonini KY, Rodr\u00edguez-C\u00f3rdova RJ, Guti\u00e9rrez-Valenzuela CA, Pe\u00f1u\u00f1uri-Miranda O, Zavala-Rivera P, Guerrero-Germ\u00e1n P. Lucero-Acu\u00f1a, A. PLGA nanoparticle preparations by emulsification and nanoprecipitation techniques: effects of formulation parameters. RSC Adv. 2020;10:4218\u201331.","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"2891_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002499","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202002499","volume":"8","author":"LP Jahromi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jahromi LP, Shahbazi MA, Maleki A, Azadi A, Santos HA. Chemically engineered immune cell-derived microrobots and biomimetic nanoparticles: emerging biodiagnostic and therapeutic tools. Adv Sci. 2021;8:2002499.","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"key":"2891_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02410-x","volume":"24","author":"P Kesharwani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kesharwani P, Kumar V, Goh KW, Gupta G, Alsayari A, Wahab S, Sahebkar A. PEGylated  PLGA nanoparticles: unlocking advanced strategies for cancer therapy. Mol Cancer. 2025;24:205.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"2891_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/adv\/8899828","volume":"2025","author":"B Strus","year":"2025","unstructured":"Strus B, Szterk A. PLGA\u2010PEG\u2010PLGA polymer: from synthesis to advanced pharmaceutical applications. Adv Polym Technol. 2025, 2025:8899828.","journal-title":"Adv Polym Technol"},{"key":"2891_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.233","volume":"5","author":"J Kjer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kjer J, Debbab A, Aly AH, Proksch P. Methods for isolation of marine-derived endophytic fungi and their bioactive secondary products. Nat Protoc. 2010;5:479\u201390.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"2891_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016670000288","volume":"17","author":"S Larran","year":"2001","unstructured":"Larran S, Monaco C, Alippi HE. Endophytic fungi in leaves of Lycopersicon esculentum mill. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001;17:181\u20134.","journal-title":"World J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"2891_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473-3099(05)70295-4","volume":"5","author":"HF Wertheim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wertheim HF, Melles DC, Vos MC, van Leeuwen W, van Belkum A, Verbrugh HA, Nouwen JL. The role of nasal carriage in Staphylococcus aureus infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5:751\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1473-3099(05)70295-4.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2891_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27041329","author":"NGM Attallah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Attallah NGM, El-Sherbeni SA, El-Kadem AH, Elekhnawy E, El-Masry TA, Elmongy EI, Altwaijry N, Negm WA. Elucidation of the metabolite profile of Yucca gigantea and assessment of its cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Molecules. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27041329.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2891_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27020346","author":"EI Elmongy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elmongy EI, Negm WA, Elekhnawy E, El-Masry TA, Attallah NGM, Altwaijry N, Batiha GE, El-Sherbeni SA. Antidiarrheal and antibacterial activities of Monterey Cypress phytochemicals: in vivo and in vitro approach. Molecules. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27020346.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2891_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010210","author":"EA Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed EA, El-Derany MO, Anwar AM, Saied EM, Magdeldin S. Metabolomics and lipidomics screening reveal reprogrammed signaling pathways toward cancer development in Non-Alcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24010210.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2891_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28816-5","volume":"13","author":"M Sameh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sameh M, Khalaf HM, Anwar AM, Osama A, Ahmed EA, Mahgoub S, Ezzeldin S, Tanios A, Alfishawy M, Said AF, et al. Integrated multiomics analysis to infer COVID-19 biological insights. Sci Rep. 2023;13:1802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-28816-5.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2891_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3393","volume":"12","author":"H Tsugawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsugawa H, Cajka T, Kind T, Ma Y, Higgins B, Ikeda K, Kanazawa M, VanderGheynst J, Fiehn O, Arita M. MS-DIAL: data-independent MS\/MS Deconvolution for comprehensive metabolome analysis. Nat Methods. 2015;12:523\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.3393.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"2891_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00396-015-3767-5","volume":"294","author":"S Drozdek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Drozdek S, Bazyli\u0144ska U. Biocompatible oil core nanocapsules as potential co-carriers of Paclitaxel and fluorescent markers: preparation, characterization, and bioimaging. Colloid Polym Sci. 2016;294:225\u201337.","journal-title":"Colloid Polym Sci"},{"key":"2891_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2022.2083725","volume":"29","author":"B Alotaibi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alotaibi B, El-Masry TA, Elekhnawy E, El-Kadem AH, Saleh A, Negm WA, Abdelkader DH. Aqueous core epigallocatechin gallate PLGA nanocapsules: Characterization, antibacterial activity against uropathogens, and in vivo reno-protective effect in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity. Drug Delivery. 2022;29:1848\u201362.","journal-title":"Drug Delivery"},{"key":"2891_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.3390\/md20110694","volume":"20","author":"DH Abdelkader","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdelkader DH, Elekhnawy E, Negm WA, El-Masry TA, Almukainzi M, Zayed A, Ulber R. Insight into fucoidan-based PEGylated  PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating Methyl anthranilic acid: in vitro evaluation and in vivo anti-inflammatory study. Mar Drugs. 2022;20:694.","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"2891_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11080993","volume":"11","author":"NG Attallah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Attallah NG, Al-Fakhrany OM, Elekhnawy E, Hussein IA, Shaldam MA, Altwaijry N, Alqahtani MJ, Negm WA. Anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of cycas media r. br secondary metabolites: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Antibiotics. 2022; 11:993.","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"2891_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8050426","volume":"8","author":"WA Negm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Negm WA, El-Aasr M, Attia G, Alqahtani MJ, Yassien RI, Abo Kamer A, Elekhnawy E. Promising antifungal activity of encephalartos Laurentianus de wild against Candida albicans clinical isolates: in vitro and in vivo effects on renal cortex of adult albino rats. J Fungi. 2022;8:426.","journal-title":"J Fungi"},{"key":"2891_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15091057","volume":"15","author":"DH Abdelkader","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdelkader DH, Negm WA, Elekhnawy E, Eliwa D, Aldosari BN, Almurshedi AS. Zinc oxide nanoparticles as potential delivery carrier: green synthesis by Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus, characterization, and in vitro\/in vivo antibacterial activity. Pharmaceuticals. 2022;15:1057.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"2891_CR23","volume-title":"Theory and practice of histological techniqueseighth","author":"SK Suvarna","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suvarna SK, Layton C, Bancroft JD. Theory and practice of histological techniqueseighth. UK: Elsevier Health Sci; 2019."},{"key":"2891_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.22021","volume":"72","author":"C Borelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Borelli C, Ruge E, Lee JH, Schaller M, Vogelsang A, Monod M, Korting HC, Huber R, Maskos K. X-ray structures of Sap1 and Sap5: structural comparison of the secreted aspartic proteinases from Candida albicans. Proteins Struct Funct Bioinform. 2008; 72:1308\u201319, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prot.22021","journal-title":"Proteins Struct Funct Bioinform"},{"key":"2891_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21334","volume":"31","author":"O Trott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Trott O, Olson AJ. AutoDock vina: improving the speed and accuracy of Docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. J Comput Chem. 2010;31:455\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcc.21334.","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"2891_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.06774-11","volume":"78","author":"RR Stackhouse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stackhouse RR, Faith NG, Kaspar CW, Czuprynski CJ, Wong ACLJA. Survival and virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis filaments induced by reduced water activity. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012; 78:2213\u201320.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-01070-3","volume":"30","author":"GE-S Batiha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Batiha GE-S, Al-Gareeb AI, Elekhnawy E, Al-Kuraishy HM. J.I. Potential role of Lipoxin in the management of COVID-19: a narrative review. Inflammopharmacology. 2022; 30:1993\u20132001.","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"2891_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-023-02091-5","volume":"22","author":"A Saleh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saleh A, Negm WA, El-Masry TA, Eliwa D, Alotaibi B, Alosaimi ME, Alotaibi KN, Magdeldin S, Mahgoub S, Elekhnawy E. Anti-inflammatory potential of penicillium brefeldianum endophytic fungus supported with phytochemical profiling. Microb Cell Fact. 2023;22:83.","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"2891_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s13199-023-00925-9","volume":"90","author":"VK Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh VK, Kumar A. Secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi: Production, methods of analysis, and diverse pharmaceutical potential. Symbiosis. 2023;90:111\u201325.","journal-title":"Symbiosis"},{"key":"2891_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867326666190916144709","volume":"27","author":"E Ancheeva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ancheeva E, Daletos G, Proksch P. Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi. Curr Med Chem. 2020;27:1836\u201354.","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"2891_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md20080523","author":"H Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li H, Zhang W, Zhang X, Tang S, Men P, Xiong M, Li Z, Zhang Y, Huang X, Lu X. Identification of PKS-NRPS hybrid metabolites in Marine-Derived penicillium oxalicum. Mar Drugs. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md20080523.","journal-title":"Mar Drugs"},{"key":"2891_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033823","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1033823","volume":"13","author":"W Weng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weng W, Li R, Zhang Y, Pan X, Jiang S, Sun C, Zhang C, Lu X. Polyketides isolated from an endophyte penicillium oxalicum 2021CDF-3 inhibit pancreatic tumor growth. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1033823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1033823.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3471","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.0c00393","volume":"83","author":"W Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li W, Shao YT, Yin TP, Yan H, Shen BC, Li YY, Xie HD, Sun ZW, Ma YL. Penisarins A and B, sesquiterpene coumarins isolated from an endophytic Penicillium Sp. J Nat Prod. 2020;83:3471\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.0c00393.","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"2891_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1021\/ol7029867","volume":"10","author":"M Iida","year":"2008","unstructured":"Iida M, Ooi T, Kito K, Yoshida S, Kanoh K, Shizuri Y, Kusumi T. Three new polyketide-terpenoid hybrids from Penicillium Sp. Org Lett. 2008;10:845\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ol7029867.","journal-title":"Org Lett"},{"key":"2891_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2021.112974","volume":"193","author":"WY Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao WY, Luan ZL, Sun CP, Zhang BJ, Jin LL, Deng S, Zhang HL, Yu ZL, Wang C, Ma XC. Metabolites isolated from the human intestinal fungus Penicillium oxalicum SL2 and their agonistic effects on PXR and FXR. Phytochemistry. 2022;193:112974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phytochem.2021.112974.","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"2891_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M061341","volume":"57","author":"KC Shin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shin KC, Seo MJ, Oh DK. Characterization of a novel 8R,11S-linoleate diol synthase from penicillium chrysogenum by identification of its enzymatic products. J Lipid Res. 2016;57:207\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.M061341.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"2891_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2018.10.006","volume":"1864","author":"MJ Seo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seo MJ, Kang WR, Yang EJ, Shin KC, Ko YJ, Oh DK. Molecular characterization of Penicillium oxalicum 6R,8R-linoleate diol synthase with new regiospecificity. Biochim Et Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biology Lipids. 2019;1864:577\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbalip.2018.10.006.","journal-title":"Biochim Et Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biology Lipids"},{"key":"2891_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.08.028","volume":"579","author":"CJ Zheng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zheng CJ, Yoo JS, Lee TG, Cho HY, Kim YH, Kim WG. Fatty acid synthesis is a target for antibacterial activity of unsaturated fatty acids. FEBS Lett. 2005;579:5157\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.08.028.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2891_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/mrr.2022.24","author":"H Kikukawa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kikukawa H, Nagao T, Ota M, Takashima S, Kitaguchi K, Yanase E, Maeda S, Hara KY. Production of a selective antibacterial fatty acid against Staphylococcus aureus by bifidobacterium strains. Microbiome Res Rep. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/mrr.2022.24.","journal-title":"Microbiome Res Rep"},{"key":"2891_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2021.09.020","volume":"341","author":"S Ekrikaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ekrikaya S, Yilmaz E, Celik C, Demirbuga S, Ildiz N, Demirbas A, Ocsoy I. Investigation of ellagic acid rich-berry extracts directed silver nanoparticles synthesis and their antimicrobial properties with potential mechanisms towards Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. J Biotechnol. 2021;341:155\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2021.09.020.","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"key":"2891_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12041","volume":"13","author":"N Ni\u0107iforovi\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ni\u0107iforovi\u0107 N, Abramovi\u010d H. Sinapic acid and its derivatives: natural sources and bioactivity. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2014;13:34\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1541-4337.12041.","journal-title":"Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf"},{"key":"2891_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0005824","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00058-24","volume":"90","author":"R Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li R, Su Z, Sun C, Wu S. Antibacterial insights into alternariol and its derivative alternariol monomethyl ether produced by a marine fungus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024;90:e0005824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.00058-24.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2018-0140","volume":"13","author":"CH Martins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martins CH, Abr\u00e3o F, Moraes TS, Oliveira PF, Tavares DC, Magalh\u00e3es LG, Galv\u00e3o FC, Veneziani RC, Ambr\u00f3sio SR. Kaurenoic acid and its sodium salt derivative: antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and their mechanism of action. Future Microbiol. 2018;13:1585\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fmb-2018-0140.","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"key":"2891_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1021\/ml300173e","volume":"3","author":"SB Singh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singh SB, Liu W, Li X, Chen T, Shafiee A, Card D, Abruzzo G, Flattery A, Gill C, Thompson JR, et al. Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of Ilicicolin h. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2012;3:814\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ml300173e.","journal-title":"ACS Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"2891_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.62313\/ijpbp.2021.3","volume":"1","author":"A Gurbuzer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gurbuzer A. Investigation of in vitro antimicrobial activities of some hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids commonly found in medicinal and aromatic plants. Int J Plant Based Pharmaceuticals. 2021;1:42\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62313\/ijpbp.2021.3.","journal-title":"Int J Plant Based Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"2891_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22020275","author":"S Narasimhan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Narasimhan S, Maheshwaran S, Abu-Yousef IA, Majdalawieh AF, Rethavathi J, Das PE, Poltronieri P. Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of xanthones obtained via semi-synthetic modification of \u03b1-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana. Molecules. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules22020275.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2891_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5340","author":"Z-J Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li Z-J, Guo X, Dawuti G, Aibai S. Antifungal activity of ellagic acid in vitro and in vivo. Phytother Res. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.5340.","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"2891_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.820312","volume":"12","author":"P Saha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saha P, Rahman FI, Hussain F, Rahman SMA, Rahman MM. Antimicrobial diterpenes: recent development from natural sources. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:820312.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2891_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8010015","author":"C Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen C, Peng X, Chen J, Wan C. Antioxidant, antifungal activities of ethnobotanical ficus Hirta Vahl. And analysis of main constituents by HPLC-MS. Biomedicines. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines8010015.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2891_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155948","volume":"133","author":"XR Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang XR, Zhong H, Ma SS, Huang YH, Xu WH, Wang Y. Discovery of petroselinic acid with in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity by targeting fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase. Phytomed Int J Phytother Phytopharmacol. 2024;133:155948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155948.","journal-title":"Phytomed Int J Phytother Phytopharmacol"},{"key":"2891_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/cjce.23336","volume":"97","author":"F Goodarzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goodarzi F, Zendehboudi S. A comprehensive review on emulsions and emulsion stability in chemical and energy industries. Can J Chem Eng. 2019;97:281\u2013309.","journal-title":"Can J Chem Eng"},{"key":"2891_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.12.037","volume":"295","author":"S Ding","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ding S, Serra CA, Vandamme TF, Yu W, Anton N. Double emulsions prepared by two\u2013step emulsification: History, state-of-the-art and perspective. J Controlled Release. 2019;295:31\u201349.","journal-title":"J Controlled Release"},{"key":"2891_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12030576","volume":"12","author":"T Pulingam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pulingam T, Foroozandeh P, Chuah J-A, Sudesh K. Exploring various techniques for the chemical and biological synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomaterials. 2022;12:576.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2891_CR54","first-page":"103","volume-title":"General principles of nanoemulsion formation by high-energy mechanical methods","author":"A H\u00e5kansson","year":"2018","unstructured":"H\u00e5kansson A, Rayner M. General principles of nanoemulsion formation by high-energy mechanical methods. Elsevier: In Nanoemulsions; 2018. pp. 103\u201339."},{"key":"2891_CR55","first-page":"214","volume":"88","author":"LR Tefas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tefas LR, Tomu\u0163\u0103 I, Achim M, Vlase L. Development and optimization of quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by experimental design. Clujul Med. 2015;88:214.","journal-title":"Clujul Med"},{"key":"2891_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2017.10.004","volume":"43","author":"DH Abdelkader","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdelkader DH, El-Gizawy SA, Faheem AM, McCarron PA, Osman MA. Effect of process variables on formulation, in-vitro characterisation and subcutaneous delivery of insulin PLGA nanoparticles: an optimisation study. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol. 2018;43:160\u201371.","journal-title":"J Drug Delivery Sci Technol"},{"key":"2891_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.3390\/md20110694","volume":"20","author":"DH Abdelkader","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abdelkader DH, Elekhnawy E, Negm WA, El-Masry TA, Almukainzi M, Zayed A, Ulber R. J.M.D. Insight into fucoidan-based PEGylated  PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating Methyl anthranilic acid: in vitro evaluation and in vivo anti-inflammatory study. Marine Drugs. 2022; 20:694.","journal-title":"Marine Drugs"},{"key":"2891_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S358606","volume":"17","author":"M Almukainzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almukainzi M, El-Masry A, Negm T;A, Elekhnawy W, Saleh E, Sayed A;E, Khattab A;A, Abdelkader M;H. D. Gentiopicroside PLGA nanospheres: fabrication, in vitro characterization, antimicrobial action, and in vivo effect for enhancing wound healing in diabetic rats. Int J Nanomed. 2022; 17:1203\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"2891_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528752","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1528752","volume":"16","author":"F Gao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gao F, Feng X, Li X. Recent advances in polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of hepatic diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2025;16:1528752.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2891_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2023-0185","volume":"79","author":"K Mayattu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mayattu K, Ghormade V. Controlled delivery of nikkomycin by PEG coated PLGA nanoparticles inhibits Chitin synthase to prevent growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. Z f\u00fcr Naturforschung C. 2024;79:155\u201362.","journal-title":"Z f\u00fcr Naturforschung C"},{"key":"2891_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101658","volume":"13","author":"DH Abdelkader","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdelkader DH, Abosalha AK, Khattab MA, Aldosari BN, Almurshedi AS. A novel sustained anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin\u2014calcium PLGA nanoparticles: in vitro optimization and in vivo evaluation. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13:1658.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"}],"container-title":["Microbial Cell Factories"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T04:59:52Z","timestamp":1770267592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12934-025-02891-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2859"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2859","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the instructions for using laboratory animals were followed according to the ARRIVE guidelines and the National Research Council\u2019s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The research ethics committee of the faculty of pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt, approved the tests with approval number (TP\/RE\/8\/25 p-001). Sequence information:\n                      \n                      .","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"37"}}