{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T22:50:42Z","timestamp":1779922242472,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J3-2535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J3-2535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Cell Int"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T20:48:48Z","timestamp":1763412528000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A novel serum-based steroid-protein panels for differentiating ovarian cancer from non-malignant adnexal masses"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Marija","family":"Gjorgoska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo\u0161tjan","family":"Pir\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0160pela","family":"Smrkolj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tea Lani\u0161nik","family":"Ri\u017ener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"4047_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21660.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"4047_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10110433","author":"J Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim J, Park EY, Kim O, et al. Cell origins of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cancers. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers10110433.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4047_CR3","unstructured":"Ruhl JL, Callaghan C, Schussler N (eds.) Summary Stage 2018: Codes and Coding Instructions, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 2024. https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/tools\/ssm\/"},{"key":"4047_CR4","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Cancer Society; 2025. SEER*Explorer: An interactive website for SEER cancer statistics [Internet]. Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute. Accessed 25.02.2025. https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/explorer\/"},{"issue":"10","key":"4047_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17813","volume":"131","author":"FL Kwong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kwong FL, Kristunas C, Davenport C, et al. Investigating harms of testing for ovarian cancer \u2013 psychological outcomes and cancer conversion rates in women with symptoms of ovarian cancer: a cohort study embedded in the multicentre rockets prospective diagnostic study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2024;131(10):1400\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17813.","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"},{"key":"4047_CR6","unstructured":"Ovarian masses in. premenopausal women, management of suspected (Green-top Guideline no. 62). Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Accessed 25.02.2025. https:\/\/www.rcog.org.uk\/guidance\/browse-all-guidance\/green-top-guidelines\/ovarian-masses-in-premenopausal-women-management-of-suspected-green-top-guideline-no-62\/"},{"key":"4047_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g5920","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5920","volume":"349","author":"B Van Calster","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Calster B, Van Hoorde K, Valentin L, et al. Evaluating the risk of ovarian cancer before surgery using the ADNEX model to differentiate between benign, borderline, early and advanced stage invasive, and secondary metastatic tumours: prospective multicentre diagnostic study. BMJ: Br Med J. 2014;349:g5920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.g5920.","journal-title":"BMJ: Br Med J"},{"key":"4047_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019191150","author":"RF Andreotti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andreotti RF, Timmerman D, Strachowski LM, et al. O-RADS US Risk Stratification and Management System: A Consensus Guideline from the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee. Radiology. 2019;294(1):168\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2019191150. 2020\/01\/01."},{"issue":"10","key":"4047_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02448.x","volume":"10","author":"I Jacobs","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jacobs I, Oram D, Fairbanks J, et al. A risk of malignancy index incorporating CA 125, ultrasound and menopausal status for the accurate preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer. BJOG: Int J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;10(10):922\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02448.x. \/01 1990.","journal-title":"BJOG: Int J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12323","volume":"41","author":"J Kaijser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaijser J, Bourne T, Valentin L, et al. Improving strategies for diagnosing ovarian cancer: a summary of the international ovarian tumor analysis (IOTA) studies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;41(1):9\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.12323.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4047_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00406-6","volume":"25","author":"S Sundar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sundar S, Agarwal R, Davenport C, et al. Risk-prediction models in postmenopausal patients with symptoms of suspected ovarian cancer in the UK (ROCkeTS): a multicentre, prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Lancet Oncol. 2024;25(10):1371\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00406-6.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-019-0503-7","volume":"27","author":"V Dochez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dochez V, Caillon H, Vaucel E, et al. Biomarkers and algorithms for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: CA125, HE4, RMI and ROMA, a review. J Ovarian Res. 2019;27(1):28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13048-019-0503-7.","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"4047_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70357-1","volume":"8","author":"A Sevinc","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sevinc A, Adli M, Kalender ME, et al. Benign causes of increased serum CA-125 concentration. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8(12):1054\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70357-1.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4047_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2010.08.001","volume":"20","author":"KA Sikaris","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sikaris KA. CA125\u2014a test with a change of heart. Heart Lung Circ. 2011;20(10):634\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hlc.2010.08.001.","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01588-8","volume":"21","author":"JW Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu JW, Charkhchi P, Akbari MR. Potential clinical utility of liquid biopsies in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-022-01588-8.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-24-0393","volume":"15","author":"JE Medina","year":"2025","unstructured":"Medina JE, Annapragada AV, Lof P, et al. Early detection of ovarian cancer using cell-free DNA fragmentomes and protein biomarkers. Cancer Discov. 2025;15(1):105\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-24-0393.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-024-00629-2","volume":"12","author":"JF Fahrmann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fahrmann JF, Ghasemi SM, Han CY, et al. A metabolite-based liquid biopsy for detection of ovarian cancer. Biomark Res. 2024;12(1):91. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40364-024-00629-2.","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"key":"4047_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.09.017","volume":"186","author":"TL Rizner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rizner TL, Adamski J. Paramount importance of sample quality in pre-clinical and clinical research\u2014need for standard operating procedures (SOPs). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2019;186:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.09.017.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"4047_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.1097\/pgp.0000000000000908","volume":"1","author":"CB Gilks","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gilks CB, Selinger CI, Davidson B, et al. Data set for the reporting of Ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinoma: recommendations from the international collaboration on cancer reporting (ICCR). Int J Gynecol Pathol Nov. 2022;1(Suppl 1):S119\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/pgp.0000000000000908.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol Nov"},{"key":"4047_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106578","volume":"243","author":"M Gjorgoska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gjorgoska M, Ri\u017ener TL. Simultaneous measurement of 17 endogenous steroid hormones in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry without derivatization. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2024;243:106578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106578.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.08.031","volume":"112","author":"RG Moore","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moore RG, McMeekin DS, Brown AK, et al. A novel multiple marker bioassay utilizing HE4 and CA125 for the prediction of ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;112(1):40\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.08.031.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4047_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v028.i05","volume":"28","author":"M Kuhn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuhn M. Building Predictive Models inRUsing thecaretPackage. J Stat Softw. 2008;28(5):1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v028.i05.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"4047_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dahmani C, Caron P, Simonyan D, et al. Circulating adrenal 11-oxygenated androgens are associated with clinical outcome in endometrial cancer. Original Research. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2023-May-23. 2023;14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1156680.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1156680"},{"issue":"2","key":"4047_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/ju.0000000000003049","volume":"209","author":"C Dahmani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dahmani C, Caron P, Simonyan D, et al. Preoperative circulating 11-oxygenated androgens are associated with metastasis-free survival in localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 2023;209(2):337\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ju.0000000000003049.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4047_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0336-x","volume":"05","author":"AF Turcu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Turcu AF, Rege J, Auchus RJ, et al. 11-Oxygenated androgens in health and disease. Nat Reviews Endocrinol. 2020;05(5):284\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-020-0336-x. \/01 2020.","journal-title":"Nat Reviews Endocrinol"},{"key":"4047_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2024.101302","volume":"96","author":"M Gjorgoska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gjorgoska M, Ri\u017ener TL. From fallopian tube epithelium to high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a single-cell resolution review of sex steroid hormone signaling. Prog Lipid Res. 2024;96:101302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plipres.2024.101302.","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"4047_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159867","volume":"11","author":"E Pretorius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pretorius E, Africander DJ, Vlok M, et al. 11-ketotestosterone and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone in castration resistant prostate cancer: potent androgens which can no longer be ignored. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(7):e0159867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0159867.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"4047_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.07.006","volume":"377","author":"K-H Storbeck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Storbeck K-H, Bloem LM, Africander D, et al. 11\u03b2-hydroxydihydrotestosterone and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone, novel C19 steroids with androgenic activity: a putative role in castration resistant prostate cancer? Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2013;377(1):135\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2013.07.006.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"4047_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.106049","volume":"218","author":"DJ Handelsman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Handelsman DJ, Cooper ER, Heather AK. Bioactivity of 11 keto and hydroxy androgens in yeast and mammalian host cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2022;218:106049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.106049.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"4047_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20210478","author":"J Tan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tan J, Song C, Wang D, et al. Expression of hormone receptors predicts survival and platinum sensitivity of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Biosci Rep. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20210478.","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"issue":"14","key":"4047_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-16-3322","volume":"15","author":"J Ose","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ose J, Poole EM, Schock H, et al. Androgens are differentially associated with ovarian cancer subtypes in the ovarian cancer cohort consortium. Cancer Res. 2017;15(14):3951\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-16-3322.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4047_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm278","volume":"167","author":"SS Tworoger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tworoger SS, Lee IM, Buring JE, et al. Plasma androgen concentrations and risk of incident ovarian cancer. American J Epidemiology 2008\/01\/\/. 2008;167(2):211\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwm278.","journal-title":"American J Epidemiology 2008\/01\/\/"},{"issue":"8","key":"4047_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32157","volume":"15","author":"B Trabert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Trabert B, Michels KA, Anderson GL, et al. Circulating androgens and postmenopausal ovarian cancer risk in the women\u2019s health initiative observational study. Int J Cancer. 2019;15(8):2051\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.32157.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"4047_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29000","volume":"136","author":"J Ose","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ose J, Fortner RT, Rinaldi S, et al. Endogenous androgens and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by tumor characteristics in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(2):399\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.29000.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"4047_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0751-5","volume":"26","author":"KS Ruth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruth KS, Day FR, Tyrrell J. Using human genetics to understand the disease impacts of testosterone in men and women. Nat Med. 2020;26(2):252\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-020-0751-5.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"4047_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106482","volume":"239","author":"M Gjorgoska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gjorgoska M, Rizner TL. The effect of androgens on the risk of endometriosis sub-phenotypes and ovarian neoplasms: a Mendelian randomization study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2024;239:106482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106482.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"4047_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.01.010","volume":"53","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schrepf A, Thaker PH, Goodheart MJ, et al. Diurnal cortisol and survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;53:256\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.01.010.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"Suppl0","key":"4047_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.07.022","volume":"30","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schrepf A, Clevenger L, Christensen D, et al. Cortisol and inflammatory processes in ovarian cancer patients following primary treatment: relationships with depression, fatigue, and disability. Brain Behav Immun Mar. 2013;30(Suppl0):S126\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.07.022.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Mar"},{"issue":"7","key":"4047_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2615","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-02527","volume":"1","author":"AT Nanba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nanba AT, Rege J, Ren J, et al. 11-Oxygenated C19 steroids do not decline with age in women. The J Clin Endocrinol & Metabolism Jul. 2019;1(7):2615\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2018-02527.","journal-title":"The J Clin Endocrinol & Metabolism Jul"}],"container-title":["Cancer Cell International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T20:48:49Z","timestamp":1763412529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cancerci.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12935-025-04047-8","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1148\/radiol.2019191150","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6596566\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1475-2867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2867","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Slovenian Ethics Committee ((ID: 0120\u2013487\/2020\/3) and carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before sample collection.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"410"}}