{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:17:27Z","timestamp":1791307047340,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]],"date-time":"2015-04-15T10:57:00Z","timestamp":1429095420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Polymorphisms in chloroquine resistance-associated genes in Plasmodium vivax in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lemu","family":"Golassa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berhanu","family":"Erko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick N","family":"Baliraine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Aseffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6te","family":"Swedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"625_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1814","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001814","volume":"6","author":"PW Gething","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gething PW, Elyazar IR, Moyes CL, Smith DL, Battle KE, Guerra CA, et al. A long neglected world malaria map: Plasmodium vivax endemicity in 2010. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1814.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"625_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.02.003","volume":"25","author":"NM Anstey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anstey NM, Russell B, Yeo TW, Price RN. The pathophysiology of vivax malaria. Trends Parasitol. 2009;25:220\u20137.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050128","volume":"5","author":"E Tjitra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tjitra E, Anstey NM, Sugiarto P, Warikar N, Kenangalem E, Karyana M, et al. Multidrug-resistant Plasmodium vivax associated with severe and fatal malaria: a prospective study in Papua. Indonesia PLoS Med. 2008;5:e128.","journal-title":"Indonesia PLoS Med"},{"key":"625_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050127","volume":"5","author":"B Genton","year":"2008","unstructured":"Genton B, D\u2019Acremont V, Rare L, Baea K, Reeder JC, Alpers MP, et al. Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections are associated with severe malaria in children: a prospective cohort study from Papua New Guinea. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e127.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"625_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.64.97","volume":"64","author":"K Mendis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mendis K, Sina BJ, Marchesini P, Carter R. The neglected burden of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001;64:97\u2013106.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70177-X","volume":"9","author":"I Mueller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mueller I, Galinski MR, Baird JK, Carlton JM, Kochar DK, Alonso PL, et al. Key gaps in the knowledge of Plasmodium vivax, a neglected human malaria parasite. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9:555\u201366.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32832f14c1","volume":"22","author":"RN Price","year":"2009","unstructured":"Price RN, Douglas NM, Anstey NM. New developments in Plasmodium vivax malaria: severe disease and the rise of chloroquine resistance. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2009;22:430\u20135.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70079-7","volume":"10","author":"NM Douglas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Douglas NM, Anstey NM, Angus BJ, Nosten F, Price RN. Artemisinin combination therapy for vivax malaria. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:405\u201316.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.08.009","volume":"104","author":"C Naing","year":"2010","unstructured":"Naing C, Aung K, Win DK, Wah MJ. Efficacy and safety of chloroquine for treatment in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax infections in endemic countries. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010;104:695\u2013705.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.08.005","volume":"28","author":"RN Price","year":"2012","unstructured":"Price RN, Auburn S, Marfurt J, Cheng Q. Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of drug-resistant Plasmodium vivax. Trends Parasitol. 2012;28:522\u20139.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00008-09","volume":"22","author":"JK Baird","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baird JK. Resistance to therapies for infection by Plasmodium vivax. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2009;22:508\u201334.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"625_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02279-12","volume":"58","author":"MM Marques","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marques MM, Costa MR, Santana Filho FS, Vieira JL, Nascimento MT, Brasil LW, et al. Plasmodium vivax chloroquine resistance and anemia in the western Brazilian Amazon. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58:342\u20137.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"625_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-0276130579","volume":"109","author":"LA Goncalves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goncalves LA, Cravo P, Ferreira MU. Emerging Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine in South America: an overview. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2014;109:534\u20139.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"625_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105922","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105922","volume":"9","author":"GC Melo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melo GC, Monteiro WM, Siqueira AM, Silva SR, Magalhaes BM, Alencar AC, et al. Expression levels of pvcrt-o and pvmdr-1 are associated with chloroquine resistance and severe Plasmodium vivax malaria in patients of the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS One. 2014;9:e105922.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"625_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2012.50.4.379","volume":"50","author":"F Lu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lu F, Wang B, Cao J, Sattabongkot J, Zhou H, Zhu G, et al. Prevalence of drug resistance-associated gene mutations in Plasmodium vivax in Central China. Korean J Parasitol. 2012;50:379\u201384.","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1086\/426830","volume":"191","author":"S Brega","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brega S, Meslin B, de Monbrison F, Severini C, Gradoni L, Udomsangpetch R, et al. Identification of the Plasmodium vivax mdr-like gene (pvmdr1) and analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms among isolates from different areas of endemicity. J Infect Dis. 2005;191:272\u20137.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2006.08.006","volume":"150","author":"JM Sa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sa JM, Yamamoto MM, Fernandez-Becerra C, de Azevedo MF, Papakrivos J, Naude B, et al. Expression and function of pvcrt-o, a Plasmodium vivax ortholog of pfcrt, in Plasmodium falciparum and Dictyostelium discoideum. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2006;150:219\u201328.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4233","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00578-08","volume":"52","author":"C Barnadas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barnadas C, Ratsimbasoa A, Tichit M, Bouchier C, Jahevitra M, Picot S, et al. Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine in Madagascar: clinical efficacy and polymorphisms in pvmdr1 and pvcrt-o genes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:4233\u201340.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"625_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1089","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001089","volume":"2","author":"R Suwanarusk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Suwanarusk R, Russell B, Chavchich M, Chalfein F, Kenangalem E, Kosaisavee V, et al. Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax: in vitro characterisation and association with molecular polymorphisms. PLoS One. 2007;2:e1089.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"625_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1086\/592451","volume":"198","author":"R Suwanarusk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Suwanarusk R, Chavchich M, Russell B, Jaidee A, Chalfein F, Barends M, et al. Amplification of pvmdr1 associated with multidrug-resistant Plasmodium vivax. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:1558\u201364.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-55","volume":"8","author":"C Fernandez-Becerra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fernandez-Becerra C, Pinazo MJ, Gonzalez A, Alonso PL, del Portillo HA, Gascon J. Increased expression levels of the pvcrt-o and pvmdr1 genes in a patient with severe Plasmodium vivax malaria. Malar J. 2009;8:55.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"625_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2012.09.018","volume":"132","author":"S Garg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garg S, Saxena V, Lumb V, Pakalapati D, Boopathi PA, Subudhi AK, et al. Novel mutations in the antifolate drug resistance marker genes among Plasmodium vivax isolates exhibiting severe manifestations. Exp Parasitol. 2012;132:410\u20136.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0094","volume":"87","author":"C Vargas-Rodriguez Rdel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vargas-Rodriguez Rdel C, da Silva BM, Menezes MJ, Orjuela-Sanchez P, Ferreira MU. Single-nucleotide polymorphism and copy number variation of the multidrug resistance-1 locus of Plasmodium vivax: local and global patterns. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;87:813\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000700012","volume":"104","author":"BE Gama","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gama BE, Oliveira NK, Souza JM, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Ferreira-da-Cruz M de F. Characterisation of pvmdr1 and pvdhfr genes associated with chemoresistance in Brazilian Plasmodium vivax isolates. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009;104:1009\u201311.","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"625_CR25","first-page":"181","volume":"43","author":"W Nigatu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nigatu W, Abebe M, Dejene A. Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum epidemiology in Gambella, south-west Ethiopia. Trop Med Parasitol. 1992;43:181\u20135.","journal-title":"Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1707.100942","volume":"17","author":"D Olana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olana D, Chibsa S, Teshome D, Mekasha A, Graves PM, Reithinger R. Malaria, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2001\u20132006. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17:1336\u20137.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"625_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(96)90322-3","volume":"90","author":"AN Tulu","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tulu AN, Webber RH, Schellenberg JA, Bradley DJ. Failure of chloroquine treatment for malaria in the highlands of Ethiopia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996;90:556\u20137.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-220","volume":"7","author":"H Teka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teka H, Petros B, Yamuah L, Tesfaye G, Elhassan I, Muchohi S, et al. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Debre Zeit. Ethiopia Malar J. 2008;7:220.","journal-title":"Ethiopia Malar J"},{"key":"625_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.09-0723","volume":"84","author":"AM Yohannes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yohannes AM, Teklehaimanot A, Bergqvist Y, Ringwald P. Confirmed vivax resistance to chloroquine and effectiveness of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of vivax malaria in Ethiopia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011;84:137\u201340.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-46","volume":"4","author":"T Ketema","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ketema T, Getahun K, Bacha K. Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine for treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria cases in Halaba district. South Ethiopia Parasit Vectors. 2011;4:46.","journal-title":"South Ethiopia Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"625_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.565","volume":"52","author":"CV Plowe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Plowe CV, Djimde A, Bouare M, Doumbo O, Wellems TE. Pyrimethamine and proguanil resistance-conferring mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase: polymerase chain reaction methods for surveillance in Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995;52:565\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"625_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-177","volume":"8","author":"T Ketema","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ketema T, Bacha K, Birhanu T, Petros B. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Serbo town, Jimma zone, south-west Ethiopia. Malar J. 2009;8:177.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"625_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2004.12.005","volume":"109","author":"JM Sa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sa JM, Nomura T, Neves J, Baird JK, Wellems TE, del Portillo HA. Plasmodium vivax: allele variants of the mdr1 gene do not associate with chloroquine resistance among isolates from Brazil, Papua, and monkey-adapted strains. Exp Parasitol. 2005;109:256\u20139.","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"625_CR34","unstructured":"WHO. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Geneva, Switzerland: Second edition. March 2010. \n                    www.who.int\/malaria\/publications\/atoz\/9789241547925\/en\/\n                    \n                  ."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2338-x","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525219200000}}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T18:39:56Z","timestamp":1553625596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["625"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0625-3","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2338-x","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 February 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2018","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"After publication of the original article [1], it came to the authors\u2019 attention that the primers mentioned in Table\u00a01 for the amplification of the pvcrt-o gene of Plasmodium vivax are not the ones actually used for the experiments. The correct primers and PCR product size are as below:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"164"}}