{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:33:00Z","timestamp":1759336380722,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust (GB)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["092668\/Z\/10\/Z","084679\/Z\/08\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["092668\/Z\/10\/Z","084679\/Z\/08\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0897-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]],"date-time":"2015-09-24T08:33:01Z","timestamp":1443083581000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Grading fluorescein angiograms in malarial retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8171-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian J. C.","family":"MacCormick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Maude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A. V.","family":"Beare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyamanga","family":"Borooah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Parry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm E.","family":"Molyneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baljean","family":"Dhillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Lewallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon P.","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"897_CR1","first-page":"7","volume":"19","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Severe malaria. Trop Med Int Health. 2014;19(Suppl 1):7\u2013131.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu001","volume":"137","author":"IJC MacCormick","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacCormick IJC, Beare NA, Taylor TE, Barrera V, White VA, Hiscott P, et al. Cerebral malaria in children: using the retina to study the brain. Brain. 2014;137:2119\u201342.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.153460","volume":"80","author":"FN Doubal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Doubal FN, Hokke PE, Wardlaw JM. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and stroke: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009;80:158\u201365.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.08.042","volume":"299","author":"JM Wardlaw","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM. Blood\u2013brain barrier and cerebral small vessel disease. J Neurol Sci. 2010;299:66\u201371.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.227","volume":"9","author":"A London","year":"2013","unstructured":"London A, Benhar I, Schwartz M. The retina as a window to the brain-from eye research to CNS disorders. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013;9:44\u201353.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"897_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130832","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20130832","volume":"87","author":"TJ MacGillivray","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacGillivray TJ, Trucco E, Cameron JR, Dhillon B, Houston JG, van Beek EJR. Retinal imaging as a source of biomarkers for diagnosis, characterization and prognosis of chronic illness or long-term conditions. Br J Radiol. 2014;87:20130832.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"897_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(99)90071-8","volume":"93","author":"S Lewallen","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lewallen S, Harding SP, Ajewole J, Schulenburg WE, Molyneux ME, Marsh K, et al. A review of the spectrum of clinical ocular fundus findings in P. falciparum malaria in African children with a proposed classification and grading system. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999;93:619\u201322.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"897_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1258\/004947506776315781","volume":"36","author":"SP Harding","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harding SP, Lewallen S, Beare NA, Smith A, Taylor TE, Molyneux ME. Classifying and grading retinal signs in severe malaria. Trop Dr. 2006;36(Suppl 1):1\u201313.","journal-title":"Trop Dr"},{"key":"897_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1179\/000349802125000565","volume":"96","author":"NA Beare","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beare NA, Southern C, Lochhead J, Molyneux ME, Lewallen S, Harding SP. Inter-observer concordance in grading retinopathy in cerebral malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2002;96:105\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"897_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.122.8.1141","volume":"122","author":"NA Beare","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beare NA, Southern C, Chalira C, Taylor TE, Molyneux ME, Harding SP. Prognostic significance and course of retinopathy in children with severe malaria. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122:1141\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"897_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maude RJ, Beare NA, Abu Sayeed A, Chang CC, Charunwatthana P, Faiz MA, et al. The spectrum of retinopathy in adults with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009;103:665\u201371.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.03.001"},{"key":"897_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu Sayeed A, Maude RJ, Hasan MU, Mohammed N, Hoque MG, Dondorp AM, et al. Malarial retinopathy in Bangladeshi adults. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011;84:141\u20137.","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0205"},{"key":"897_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nm986","volume":"10","author":"TE Taylor","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taylor TE, Fu WJ, Carr RA, Whitten RO, Mueller JS, Fosiko NG, et al. Differentiating the pathologies of cerebral malaria by postmortem parasite counts. Nat Med. 2004;10:143\u20135.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"897_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu592","volume":"211","author":"V Barrera","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barrera V, Hiscott PS, Craig AG, White VA, Milner DA, Beare NAV, et al. Severity of retinopathy parallels the degree of parasite sequestration in eye and brain in Malawian children with fatal cerebral malaria. J Infect Dis. 2014;211:1977\u201386.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90097-5","volume":"95","author":"VA White","year":"2001","unstructured":"White VA, Lewallen S, Beare N, Kayira K, Carr RA, Taylor TE. Correlation of retinal haemorrhages with brain haemorrhages in children dying of cerebral malaria in Malawi. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001;95:618\u201321.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"897_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100160167005","volume":"115","author":"M Hero","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hero M, Harding SP, Riva CE, Winstanley PA, Peshu N, Marsh K. Photographic and angiographic characterization of the retina of Kenyan children with severe malaria. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:997\u20131003.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"897_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1086\/595735","volume":"199","author":"NA Beare","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beare NA, Harding SP, Taylor TE, Lewallen S, Molyneux ME. Perfusion abnormalities in children with cerebral malaria and malarial retinopathy. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:263\u201371.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"897_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/15.2.256","volume":"15","author":"TM Davis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Davis TM, Suputtamongkol Y, Spencer JL, Ford S, Chienkul N, Schulenburg WE, White NJ. Measures of capillary permeability in acute falciparum malaria: relation to severity of infection and treatment. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;15:256\u201366.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"897_CR19","volume-title":"Fluorescence angiography in ophthalmology: fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, fundus autofluorescence","author":"S Dithmar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dithmar S, Holz FG. Fluorescence angiography in ophthalmology: fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, fundus autofluorescence, vol. 224. New York: Springer; 2008."},{"key":"897_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.200576","volume":"95","author":"RJ Maude","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maude RJ, Plewes K, Dimock J, Dondorp AM. Low-cost portable fluorescein angiography. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95:1213\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"897_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.10.049","volume":"103","author":"TE Taylor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Taylor TE. Caring for children with cerebral malaria: insights gleaned from 20\u00a0years on a research ward in Malawi. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009;103(Suppl):S6\u201310.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"897_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505253322102","volume":"332","author":"K Marsh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Marsh K, Forster D, Waruiru C, Mwangi I, Winstanley M, Marsh V, et al. Indicators of life-threatening malaria in African children. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:1399\u2013404.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"897_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050120030015","volume":"103","author":"Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group","year":"1985","unstructured":"Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1. Arch Ophthalmol. 1985;103:1796\u2013806.","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"897_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374530-9.00001-2","volume-title":"Handbook of physiology: microcirculation","author":"AR Pries","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pries AR, Secomb TW. Blood flow in microvascular networks. In: Tuma RF, Duran WN, Ley K, editors. Handbook of physiology: microcirculation. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press; 2008. p. 3\u201336.","edition":"2"},{"key":"897_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93624","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093624","volume":"9","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Kwong MT, MacCormick IJC, Beare NAV, Harding SP. A comprehensive texture segmentation framework for segmentation of capillary non-perfusion regions in fundus fluorescein angiograms. PLoS One. 2014;9:e93624.","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0897-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T16:06:51Z","timestamp":1498234011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.malariajournal.com\/content\/14\/1\/367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-015-0897-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-2875"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]]},"article-number":"367"}}