{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:36:25Z","timestamp":1783996585382,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000182","name":"Medical Research and Materiel Command","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["W81XWH-13-2-0026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-13-2-0026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000182","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000182","name":"Medical Research and Materiel Command","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["W81XWH-15-1-0704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-15-1-0704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000182","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T05:05:06Z","timestamp":1548824706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Formation primaquine-5,6-orthoquinone, the putative active and toxic metabolite of primaquine via direct oxidation in human erythrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3160-1824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pius S.","family":"Fasinu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. P. Dhammika","family":"Nanayakkara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narayan D.","family":"Chaurasiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. M. Bandara","family":"Herath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"McChesney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharathi","family":"Avula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikhlas","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babu L.","family":"Tekwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry A.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2658_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1952.72930340027010c","volume":"149","author":"RS Hockwald","year":"1952","unstructured":"Hockwald RS, Arnold J, Clayman CB, Alving AS. Toxicity of primaquine in Negroes. J Am Med Assoc. 1952;149:1568\u201370.","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"2658_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1962.03620140081013","volume":"109","author":"AR Tarlov","year":"1962","unstructured":"Tarlov AR, Brewer GJ, Carson PE, Alving AS. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: an inborn error of metabolism of medical and biological significance. Arch Intern Med. 1962;109:209\u201334.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2658_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2008.08.011","volume":"44","author":"N Vale","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vale N, Moreira R, Gomes P. Primaquine revisited six decades after its discovery. Eur J Med Chem. 2009;44:937\u201353.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"2658_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328010b848","volume":"19","author":"BL Tekwani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tekwani BL, Walker LA. 8-Aminoquinolines: future role as antiprotozoal drugs. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006;19:623\u201331.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis."},{"key":"2658_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-351","volume":"10","author":"D Fernando","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fernando D, Rodrigo C, Rajapakse S. Primaquine in vivax malaria: an update and review on management issues. Malar J. 2011;10:351.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.402","volume":"75","author":"DR Hill","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hill DR, Baird JK, Parise ME, Lewis LS, Ryan ET, Magill AJ. Primaquine: report from CDC expert meeting on malaria chemoprophylaxis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:402\u201315.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2658_CR7","unstructured":"WHO. Global Plan for Artemisinin Resistance Containment (GPARC). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011. \n                    http:\/\/www.wpro.who.int\/mvp\/artemisinin_resistance_containment_2011.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed 30 June 2018."},{"key":"2658_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70198-6","volume":"13","author":"NJ White","year":"2013","unstructured":"White NJ. Primaquine to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13:175\u201381.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"2658_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1942.274.1-6.1","volume":"274","author":"F Sch\u00f6nh\u00f6fer","year":"1942","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6nh\u00f6fer F. \u00dcber die Bedeutung der chinoiden Bindung in Chinolinverbindungen f\u00fcr die Malariawirkung. Z Physiol Chem. 1942;274:1\u20138.","journal-title":"Z Physiol Chem"},{"key":"2658_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-76-18599","volume":"76","author":"ES Josephson","year":"1951","unstructured":"Josephson ES, Taylor DJ, Greenberg J, Ray AP. A metabolic intermediate of pamaquine from chickens. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1951;76:700\u20133.","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"2658_CR11","first-page":"7","volume":"103","author":"ES Josephson","year":"1951","unstructured":"Josephson ES, Greenberg J, Taylor DJ, Bami HL. A metabolite of pamaquine from chickens. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1951;103:7\u20139.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2658_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00895a006","volume":"3","author":"G Cohen","year":"1964","unstructured":"Cohen G, Hochstein P. Generation of hydrogen peroxide in erythrocytes by hemolytic agents. Biochemistry. 1964;3:895\u2013900.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2658_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105435","volume":"45","author":"JN George","year":"1966","unstructured":"George JN, O\u2019Brien RL, Pollack S, Crosby WH. Studies of in vitro primaquine hemolysis: substrate requirement for erythrocyte membrane damage. J Clin Invest. 1966;45:1280\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"2658_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4605","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90327-9","volume":"37","author":"SU Agarwal","year":"1988","unstructured":"Agarwal SU, Gupta R, Gupta RC, Anand N, Agarwal SS. Susceptibility of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient red cells to primaquine enantiomers and two putative metabolites. I. Effect on reduced glutathione, methemoglobin content and release of hemoglobin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988;37:4605\u20139.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol."},{"key":"2658_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(85)90155-3","volume":"81","author":"CM Link","year":"1985","unstructured":"Link CM, Theoharides AD, Anders JC, Chung H, Canfield CJ. Structure-activity relationships of putative primaquine metabolites causing methemoglobin formation in canine hemolysates. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985;81:192\u2013202.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"2658_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90263-8","volume":"37","author":"KA Fletcher","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fletcher KA, Barton PF, Kelly JA. Studies on the mechanisms of oxidation in the erythrocyte by metabolites of primaquine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988;37:2683\u201390.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2658_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.062984","volume":"309","author":"ZS Bowman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bowman ZS, Oatis JE Jr, Whelan JL, Jollow DJ, McMillan DC. Primaquine-induced hemolytic anemia: susceptibility of normal versus glutathione-depleted rat erythrocytes to 5-hydroxyprimaquine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004;309:79\u201385.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2658_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90022-1","volume":"47","author":"J V\u00e1squez-Vivar","year":"1994","unstructured":"V\u00e1squez-Vivar J, Augusto O. Oxidative activity of primaquine metabolites on rat erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo. Biochemical Pharmacol. 1994;47:309\u201316.","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacol."},{"key":"2658_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2380","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00015-15","volume":"59","author":"BM Potter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Potter BM, Xie LH, Vuong CT, Zhang J, Zhang P, Duan D, et al. Differential CYP 2D6 metabolism alters primaquine pharmacokinetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59:2380\u20137.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2658_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2003.09.011","volume":"34","author":"K Becker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Becker K, Tilley L, Vennerstrom JL, Roberts D, Rogerson S, Ginsburg H. Oxidative stress in malaria parasite-infected erythrocytes: host-parasite interactions. Int J Parasitol. 2004;34:163\u201389.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"2658_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00402a001","volume":"31","author":"JL Vennerstrom","year":"1988","unstructured":"Vennerstrom JL, Eaton JW. Oxidants, oxidant drugs, and malaria. J Med Chem. 1988;31:1269\u201377.","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"2658_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.11.022","volume":"67","author":"R Zwieten van","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Zwieten R, Verhoeven AJ, Roos D. Inborn defects in the antioxidant systems of human red blood cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2014;67:377\u201386.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"key":"2658_CR23","first-page":"601","volume":"67","author":"WHO Working Group","year":"1989","unstructured":"WHO Working Group. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Bull World Health Organ. 1989;67:601\u201311.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2658_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1301936","volume":"369","author":"JW Bennett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bennett JW, Pybus BS, Yadava A, Tosh D, Sousa JC, McCarthy WF, et al. Primaquine failure and cytochrome P-450 2D6 in Plasmodium vivax malaria. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1381\u20132.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2658_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-488","volume":"13","author":"RJ Ingram","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ingram RJ, Crenna-Darusallam C, Soebianto S, Noviyanti R, Baird JK. The clinical and public health problem of relapse despite primaquine therapy: case review of repeated relapses of Plasmodium vivax acquired in Papua New Guinea. Malar J. 2014;13:488.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1145-5","volume":"15","author":"PL St Jean","year":"2016","unstructured":"St Jean PL, Xue Z, Carter N, Koh GC, Duparc S, Taylor M, et al. Tafenoquine treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria: suggestive evidence that CYP2D6 reduced metabolism is not associated with relapse in the Phase 2b DETECTIVE trial. Malar J. 2016;15:97.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.03.011","volume":"161","author":"SR Marcsisin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marcsisin SR, Reichard G, Pybus BS. Primaquine pharmacology in the context of CYP 2D6 pharmacogenomics: current state of the art. Pharmacol Ther. 2016;161:1.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2658_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-212","volume":"12","author":"BS Pybus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pybus BS, Marcsisin SR, Jin X, Deye G, Sousa JC, Li Q, et al. The metabolism of primaquine to its active metabolite is dependent on CYP 2D6. Malar J. 2013;12:212.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-507","volume":"13","author":"PS Fasinu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fasinu PS, Tekwani BL, Nanayakkara ND, Avula B, Herath HB, Wang YH, et al. Enantioselective metabolism of primaquine by human CYP2D6. Malar J. 2014;13:507.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1632-8","volume":"15","author":"EE Milner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Milner EE, Berman J, Caridha D, Dickson SP, Hickman M, Lee PJ, et al. Cytochrome P450 2D-mediated metabolism is not necessary for tafenoquine and primaquine to eradicate the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium berghei. Malar J. 2016;15:588.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.3122","volume":"48","author":"B Avula","year":"2013","unstructured":"Avula B, Tekwani BL, Nanayakkara NPD, Wang YH, Chaurasiya ND, Khan SI, et al. Profiling primaquine metabolites in primary human hepatocytes by UPLC-QTOF-MS with 13C stable isotope labeling. J Mass Spectrom. 2013;48:276\u201385.","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"2658_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/jlcr.3039","volume":"56","author":"HMT Herath","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herath HMT, McChesney JD, Walker LA, Nanayakkara NPD. Synthesis of [13C6] primaquine. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm. 2013;56:341\u20133.","journal-title":"J Labelled Comp Radiopharm."},{"key":"2658_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02369.x","volume":"17","author":"GW Mihaly","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mihaly GW, Ward SA, Edwards G, Orme ML, Breckenridge AM. Pharmacokinetics of primaquine in man: identification of the carboxylic acid derivative as a major plasma metabolite. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;17:441\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2658_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05685.x","volume":"35","author":"G Edwards","year":"1993","unstructured":"Edwards G, McGrath CS, Ward SA, Supanaranond W, Pukrittayakamee S, Davis TM, et al. Interactions among primaquine, malaria infection and other antimalarials in Thai subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;35:193\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2658_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-013-0139-8","volume":"39","author":"X Jin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jin X, Pybus BS, Marcsisin R, Logan T, Luong TL, Sousa J, et al. An LC-MS based study of the metabolic profile of primaquine, an 8-aminoquinoline antiparasitic drug, with an in vitro primary human hepatocyte culture model. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2014;39:139\u201346.","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"2658_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.114.061127","volume":"43","author":"BL Tekwani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tekwani BL, Avula B, Sahu R, Chaurasiya ND, Khan SI, Jain S, et al. Enantioselective pharmacokinetics of primaquine in healthy human volunteers. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:571\u20137.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"2658_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1270-1","volume":"15","author":"PS Fasinu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fasinu PS, Avula B, Tekwani BL, Nanayakkara ND, Wang YH, Herath HB, et al. Differential kinetic profiles and metabolism of primaquine enantiomers by human hepatocytes. Malar J. 2016;15:224.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2658_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00084","volume":"5","author":"JG Mohanty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mohanty JG, Nagababu E, Rifkind JM. Red blood cell oxidative stress impairs oxygen delivery and induces red blood cell aging. Front Physiol. 2014;5:84.","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"2658_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/bod.2510090402","volume":"9","author":"PA Cossum","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cossum PA. Role of the red blood cell in drug metabolism. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1988;9:321\u201336.","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"key":"2658_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-199902000-00002","volume":"10","author":"D Schrijvers","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schrijvers D, De Bruyn E, Van Oosterom AT, Vermorken JB. Role of red blood cells in pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents. Anticancer Drugs. 1999;10:147\u201354.","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"2658_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1039\/c1md00127b","volume":"2","author":"H Ibrahim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ibrahim H, Pantaleo A, Turrini F, Arese P, Nallet JP, Nepveu F. Pharmacological properties of indolone-N-oxides controlled by a bioreductive transformation in red\u00a0blood\u00a0cells? Med Chem Commun. 2011;2:860\u20139.","journal-title":"Med Chem Commun."},{"issue":"37","key":"2658_CR42","first-page":"3483","volume":"2017","author":"GT Bolger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bolger GT, Licollari A, Tan A, Greil R, Vcelar B, Majeed M, Helson L. Distribution and metabolism of LipocurcTM (Liposomal Curcumin) in dog and human blood cells: species selectivity and pharmacokinetic relevance. Anticancer Res. 2017;2017(37):3483\u201392.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2658_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360438","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/360438","volume":"2014","author":"A Ayala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ayala A, Munoz MF, Arguelles S. Lipid peroxidation: production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2014;2014:360438.","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"key":"2658_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1021\/jp027112s","volume":"107","author":"AR Nicolaescu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nicolaescu AR, Wiest O, Kamat PV. Radical-induced oxidative transformation of quinoline. J Phys Chem A. 2003;107:427\u201333.","journal-title":"J Phys Chem A"},{"key":"2658_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1021\/jp0450179","volume":"109","author":"AR Nicolaescu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nicolaescu AR, Wiest O, Kamat PV. Mechanistic pathways of the hydroxyl radical reactions of quinoline. 1. Identification, distribution, and yields of hydroxylated products. J Phys Chem A. 2005;109:2822\u20138.","journal-title":"J Phys Chem A."},{"key":"2658_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radphyschem.2004.09.007","volume":"72","author":"G Louit","year":"2005","unstructured":"Louit G, Foley S, Cabillic J, Coffigny H, Taran F, Valleix A, Renault JP, Pin S. The reaction of coumarin with the OH radical revisited: hydroxylation product analysis determined by fluorescence and chromatography. Radiat Phys Chem. 2005;72:119\u201324.","journal-title":"Radiat Phys Chem"},{"issue":"35","key":"2658_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015998732066","volume":"234","author":"M Liu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liu M, Liu S, Peterson SL, Miyake M, Liu KJ. On the application of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as a trapping agent to study hydroxyl radical generation during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Mol Cell Biochem. 2002;234(35):379\u201385.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2658_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00403-2","volume":"29","author":"C Coudray","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coudray C, Favier A. Determination of salicylate hydroxylation products as an in vivo oxidative stress marker. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;29:1064\u201370.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"key":"2658_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1994.1291","volume":"220","author":"H Kaur","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kaur H, Halliwell B. Aromatic hydroxylation of phenylalanine as an assay for hydroxyl radicals: measurement of hydroxyl radical formation from ozone and in blood from premature babies using improved HPLC methodology. Anal Biochem. 1994;220:11\u20135.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2658_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.12.915","volume":"55","author":"H Kaur","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaur H, Edmonds SE, Blake DR, Halliwell B. Hydroxyl radical generation by rheumatoid blood and knee joint synovial fluid. Ann Rheum Dis. 1996;55:915\u201320.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2658_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.73.3.534","volume":"73","author":"JZ Sun","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sun JZ, Kaur H, Halliwell B, Li XY, Bolli R. Use of aromatic hydroxylation of phenylalanine to measure production of hydroxyl radicals after myocardial ischemia in vivo. Direct evidence for a pathogenetic role of the hydroxyl radical in myocardial stunning. Circ Res. 1993;73:534\u201349.","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"2658_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016356926714","volume":"1","author":"JD McChesney","year":"1984","unstructured":"McChesney JD, Sarangan S. Rapid aromatic hydrogen exchange in the antimalarial primaquine. Pharm Res. 1984;1:184\u20136.","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"2658_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16346","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms131216346","volume":"13","author":"S Perc\u00e1rio","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perc\u00e1rio S, Moreira DR, Gomes BAQ, Ferreira MES, Gon\u00e7alves ACM, Laurindo PSOC, et al. Oxidative stress in malaria. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13:16346\u201372.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T19:04:14Z","timestamp":1580324654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2658-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"30"}}