{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:27:25Z","timestamp":1765960045908,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["46099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["46099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FP7-2007-Health"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7-2007-Health"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Pfizer Inc","award":["WS394663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WS394663"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T18:09:38Z","timestamp":1567447778000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Microscopic and submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infection, maternal anaemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Papua New Guinea: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Holger W.","family":"Unger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Rosanas-Urgell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leanne J.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ome-Kaius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shadrach","family":"Jally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra J.","family":"Umbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willie","family":"Pomat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eline","family":"Kattenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4287-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Rogerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2931_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30066-5","volume":"18","author":"SJ Rogerson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rogerson SJ, Desai M, Mayor A, Sicuri E, Taylor SM, van Eijk AM. Burden, pathology, and costs of malaria in pregnancy: new developments for an old problem. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18:107\u201318.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2931_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70022-1","volume":"7","author":"SJ Rogerson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rogerson SJ, Hviid L, Duffy PE, Leke RF, Taylor DW. Malaria in pregnancy: pathogenesis and immunity. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7:105\u201317.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2931_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e460","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70256-6","volume":"2","author":"PG Walker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walker PG, Ter Kuile FO, Garske T, Menendez C, Ghani AC. Estimated risk of placental infection and low birthweight attributable to Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa in 2010: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2:e460\u20137.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2931_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198501103120204","volume":"312","author":"MC McCormick","year":"1985","unstructured":"McCormick MC. The contribution of low birth weight to infant mortality and childhood morbidity. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:82\u201390.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2931_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ122","volume":"60","author":"G Cottrell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cottrell G, Moussiliou A, Luty AJ, Cot M, Fievet N, Massougbodji A, et al. Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections are associated with maternal anemia, premature births, and low birth weight. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60:1481\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2931_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-274","volume":"13","author":"LM Cohee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cohee LM, Kalilani-Phiri L, Boudova S, Joshi S, Mukadam R, Seydel KB, et al. Submicroscopic malaria infection during pregnancy and the impact of intermittent preventive treatment. Malar J. 2014;13:274.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2931_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12909","volume":"22","author":"MA Elbadry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elbadry MA, Tagliamonte MS, Raccurt CP, Lemoine JF, Existe A, Boncy J, et al. Submicroscopic malaria infections in pregnant women from six departments in Haiti. Trop Med Int Health. 2017;22:1030\u20136.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"2931_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trv019","volume":"109","author":"DI Stanisic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stanisic DI, Moore KA, Baiwog F, Ura A, Clapham C, King CL, et al. Risk factors for malaria and adverse birth outcomes in a prospective cohort of pregnant women resident in a high malaria transmission area of Papua New Guinea. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2015;109:313\u201324.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2931_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis236","volume":"54","author":"A Mayor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mayor A, Moro L, Aguilar R, Bardaji A, Cistero P, Serra-Casas E, et al. How hidden can malaria be in pregnant women? Diagnosis by microscopy, placental histology, polymerase chain reaction and detection of histidine-rich protein 2 in plasma. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:1561\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2931_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2000.00532.x","volume":"5","author":"FP Mockenhaupt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mockenhaupt FP, Rong B, Till H, Eggelte TA, Beck S, Gyasi-Sarpong C, et al. Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in pregnancy in Ghana. Trop Med Int Health. 2000;5:167\u201373.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"2931_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.798","volume":"75","author":"AA Adegnika","year":"2006","unstructured":"Adegnika AA, Verweij JJ, Agnandji ST, Chai SK, Breitling LP, Ramharter M, et al. Microscopic and sub-microscopic Plasmodium falciparum infection, but not inflammation caused by infection, is associated with low birth weight. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:798\u2013803.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2931_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-172","volume":"12","author":"AH Mohammed","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohammed AH, Salih MM, Elhassan EM, Mohmmed AA, Elzaki SE, El-Sayed BB, et al. Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum malaria and low birth weight in an area of unstable malaria transmission in Central Sudan. Malar J. 2013;12:172.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2931_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00797-17","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00797-17","volume":"86","author":"K Gavina","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gavina K, Gnidehou S, Arango E, Hamel-Martineau C, Mitran C, Agudelo O, et al. Clinical outcomes of submicroscopic infections and correlates of protection of VAR2CSA antibodies in a longitudinal study of pregnant women in Colombia. Infect Immun. 2018;86:e00797-17.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2931_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0005606","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005606","volume":"11","author":"A Bardaji","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bardaji A, Martinez-Espinosa FE, Arevalo-Herrera M, Padilla N, Kochar S, Ome-Kaius M, et al. Burden and impact of Plasmodium vivax in pregnancy: a multi-centre prospective observational study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11:e0005606.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2931_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0258-3","volume":"13","author":"HW Unger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Unger HW, Ome-Kaius M, Wangnapi RA, Umbers AJ, Hanieh S, Suen CS, et al. Sulphadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine plus azithromycin for the prevention of low birthweight in Papua New Guinea: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Med. 2015;13:9.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2931_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60932-6","volume":"384","author":"J Villar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Villar J, Cheikh Ismail L, Victora CG, Ohuma EO, Bertino E, Altman DG, et al. International standards for newborn weight, length, and head circumference by gestational age and sex: the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project. Lancet. 2014;384:857\u201368.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2931_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0927-5","volume":"14","author":"AJ Umbers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Umbers AJ, Unger HW, Rosanas-Urgell A, Wangnapi RA, Kattenberg JH, Jally S, et al. Accuracy of an HRP-2\/panLDH rapid diagnostic test to detect peripheral and placental Plasmodium falciparum infection in Papua New Guinean women with anaemia or suspected malaria. Malar J. 2015;14:412.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2931_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-361","volume":"9","author":"A Rosanas-Urgell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rosanas-Urgell A, Mueller D, Betuela I, Barnadas C, Iga J, Zimmerman PA, et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods for the detection and quantification of the four sympatric Plasmodium species in field samples from Papua New Guinea. Malar J. 2010;9:361.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2931_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0615-z","volume":"15","author":"M Ome-Kaius","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ome-Kaius M, Unger HW, Singirok D, Wangnapi RA, Hanieh S, Umbers AJ, et al. Determining effects of areca (betel) nut chewing in a prospective cohort of pregnant women in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:177.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2931_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.1.155-158.2002","volume":"40","author":"L Mankhambo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mankhambo L, Kanjala M, Rudman S, Lema VM, Rogerson SJ. Evaluation of the OptiMAL rapid antigen test and species-specific PCR to detect placental Plasmodium falciparum infection at delivery. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:155\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T23:22:40Z","timestamp":1598916160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2931-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-2875"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the PNG Institute of Medical Research (PNGIMR) Institutional Review Board (0815), the PNG Medical Research Advisory Council (08.01), and the Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee (2008.162). The study was conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines (ICH GCP E6). All women provided written informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"302"}}