{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:15:42Z","timestamp":1779257742386,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000278","name":"Department for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GHSP-CS-OP4-D02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHSP-CS-OP4-D02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 2015, a China-UK-Tanzania tripartite pilot project was implemented in southeastern Tanzania to explore a new model for reducing malaria burden and possibly scaling-out the approach into other malaria-endemic countries. The 1,7-malaria Reactive Community-based Testing and Response (1,7-mRCTR) which is a locally-tailored approach for reporting febrile malaria cases in endemic villages was developed to stop transmission and\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      life-cycle. The (1,7-mRCTR) utilizes existing health facility data and locally trained community health workers to conduct community-level testing and treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pilot project was implemented from September 2015 to June 2018 in Rufiji District, southern Tanzania. The study took place in four wards, two with low incidence and two with a higher incidence. One ward of each type was selected for each of the control and intervention arms. The control wards implemented the existing Ministry of Health programmes. The 1,7-mRCTR activities implemented in the intervention arm included community testing and treatment of malaria infection. Malaria case-to-suspect ratios at health facilities (HF) were aggregated by villages, weekly to identify the village with the highest ratio. Community-based mobile test stations (cMTS) were used for conducting mass testing and treatment. Baseline (pre) and endline (post) household surveys were done in the control and intervention wards to assess the change in malaria prevalence measured by the interaction term of \u2018time\u2019 (post vs pre) and arm in a logistic model. A secondary analysis also studied the malaria incidence reported at the HFs during the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall the 85 rounds of 1,7-mRCTR conducted in the intervention wards significantly reduced the odds of malaria infection by 66% (adjusted OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.26,0.44, p\u2009&lt;\u20090001) beyond the effect of the standard programmes. Malaria prevalence in the intervention wards declined by 81% (from 26% (95% CI 23.7, 7.8), at baseline to 4.9% (95% CI 4.0, 5.9) at endline). In villages receiving the 1,7-mRCTR, the short-term case ratio decreased by over 15.7% (95% CI \u2212\u200933, 6) compared to baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 1,7-mRCTR approach significantly reduced the malaria burden in the areas of high transmission in rural southern Tanzania. This locally tailored approach could accelerate malaria control and elimination efforts. The results provide the impetus for further evaluation of the effectiveness and scaling up of this approach in other high malaria burden countries in Africa, including Tanzania.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1597410192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Effectiveness of the innovative 1,7-malaria reactive community-based testing and response (1, 7-mRCTR) approach on malaria burden reduction in Southeastern Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8879-7066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeromin P.","family":"Mlacha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duoquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prosper P.","family":"Chaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tegemeo","family":"Gavana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengbin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihayo G.","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashid","family":"Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Godlove","family":"Chila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajirani M.","family":"Msuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Exavery","family":"Chaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Makungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangming","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Tambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan F.","family":"Rumisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigsbert","family":"Mkude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhidin K.","family":"Mahende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Chacky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Vounatsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honorati","family":"Masanja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maru","family":"Aregawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Hertzmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Abdulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1417-8427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Nong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"3363_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. World malaria report 2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications-detail\/world-malaria-report-2019."},{"key":"3363_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61500-0","volume":"376","author":"RGA Feachem","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feachem RGA, Phillips AA, Targett GA, Snow RW. Call to action: priorities for malaria elimination. Lancet. 2010;376:1517\u201321.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3363_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60034-8","volume":"379","author":"CJL Murray","year":"2012","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Rosenfeld LC, Lim SS, Andrews KG, Foreman KJ, Haring D, et al. Global malaria mortality between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2012;379:413\u201331.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3363_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3077","volume":"19","author":"PL Alonso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alonso PL, Tanner M. Public health challenges and prospects for malaria control and elimination. Nat Med. 2013;19:150\u20135.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3363_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e474","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30073-0","volume":"4","author":"PG Walker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Walker PG, Griffin JT, Ferguson NM, Ghani AC. Estimating the most efficient allocation of interventions to achieve reductions in Plasmodium falciparum malaria burden and transmission in Africa: a modelling study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4:e474\u201384.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"3363_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31139-0","volume":"394","author":"RGA Feachem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Feachem RGA, Chen I, Akbari O, Bertozzi-Villa A, Bhatt S, Binka F, et al. Malaria eradication within a generation: ambitious, achievable, and necessary. Lancet. 2019;394:1056.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3363_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-299","volume":"9","author":"RW Steketee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Steketee RW, Campbell CC. Impact of national malaria control scale-up programmes in Africa: magnitude and attribution of effects. Malar J. 2010;9:299.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e309","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040309","volume":"4","author":"A Bhattarai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bhattarai A, Ali AS, Kachur SP, Martensson A, Abbas AK, Khatib R, et al. Impact of artemisinin-based combination therapy and insecticide-treated nets on malaria burden in Zanzibar. PLoS Med. 2007;4:e309.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"3363_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15535","volume":"526","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhatt S, Weiss DJ, Cameron E, Bisanzio D, Mappin B, Dalrymple U, et al. The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015. Nature. 2015;526:207\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3363_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606701","volume":"375","author":"PW Gething","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gething PW, Casey DC, Weiss DJ, Bisanzio D, Bhatt S, Cameron E, et al. Mapping Plasmodium falciparum mortality in Africa between 1990 and 2015. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:2435\u201345.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3363_CR11","unstructured":"National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP): National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014\u20132020. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare; Tanzania. 2014."},{"key":"3363_CR12","unstructured":"National Malaria Control Programme (Tanzania), WHO, Ifakara Health Institute (IHI), KEMRI-Wellcome Trust (Kenya). An epidemiological profile of malaria and its control in Mainland Tanzania. Report funded by Roll Back Malaria and Department for International Development-UK; 2013."},{"key":"3363_CR13","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC) (Tanzania Mainland), Ministry of Health (MoH) (Zanzibar), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Office of the Chief Government Statistician (OCGS), ICF. Tanzania malaria indicator survey 2008. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Rockville, USA. 2007."},{"key":"3363_CR14","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC) (Tanzania Mainland), Ministry of Health (MoH) (Zanzibar), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Office of the Chief Government Statistician (OCGS), and ICF. Tanzania malaria indicator survey 2017. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Rockville, USA."},{"key":"3363_CR15","unstructured":"WHO. Global technical strategy for malaria 2016\u20132030. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2016. https:\/\/www.who.int\/malaria\/areas\/global_technical_strategy\/en\/."},{"key":"3363_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"malERA Consultative Group on Monitoring E, and Surveillance. A research agenda for malaria eradication: monitoring, evaluation, and surveillance. PLoS Med. 2011;8:e1000400.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000400"},{"key":"3363_CR17","unstructured":"WHO. Test. Treat. Track: Scaling up diagnostic testing, treatment and surveillance for malaria. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2012. https:\/\/www.who.int\/malaria\/publications\/atoz\/t3_brochure\/en\/."},{"key":"3363_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-015-0089-2","volume":"4","author":"S-S Zhou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhou S-S, Zhang S-S, Zhang L, Rietveld AE, Ramsay AR, Zachariah R, et al. China\u2019s 1-3-7 surveillance and response strategy for malaria elimination: is case reporting, investigation, and foci response happening according to plan? Infect Dis Poverty. 2015;4:55.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty."},{"key":"3363_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang S, Zhang L, Feng J, Yin J, Feng X, Xia Z, et al. Malaria elimination in the People\u2019s Republic of China: current progress, challenges, and prospects. In Towards Malaria Elimination-A Leap Forward. IntechOpen; 2018","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.77282"},{"key":"3363_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001642","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001642","volume":"11","author":"J Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao J, Sturrock HJ, Cotter C, Zhou S, Zhou H, Liu Y, et al. Communicating and monitoring surveillance and response activities for malaria elimination: china\u2019s \u201c1-3-7\u2033 strategy. PLoS Med. 2014;11:e1001642.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"3363_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2444-9","volume":"17","author":"J Feng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Feng J, Zhang L, Huang F, Yin J-H, Tu H, Xia Z-G, et al. Ready for malaria elimination: zero indigenous case reported in the People\u2019s republic of China. Malar J. 2018;17:315.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001165","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001165","volume":"9","author":"T Bousema","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bousema T, Griffin JT, Sauerwein RW, Smith DL, Churcher TS, Takken W, et al. Hitting hotspots: spatial targeting of malaria for control and elimination. PLoS Med. 2012;9:e1001165.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"3363_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001467","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001467","volume":"10","author":"HJ Sturrock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sturrock HJ, Hsiang MS, Cohen JM, Smith DL, Greenhouse B, Bousema T, et al. Targeting asymptomatic malaria infections: active surveillance in control and elimination. PLoS Med. 2013;10:e1001467.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"3363_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63830","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063830","volume":"8","author":"HJ Sturrock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sturrock HJ, Novotny JM, Kunene S, Dlamini S, Zulu Z, Cohen JM, et al. Reactive case detection for malaria elimination: real-life experience from an ongoing program in Swaziland. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e63830.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3363_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1399-y","volume":"15","author":"J Landier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Landier J, Parker DM, Thu AM, Carrara VI, Lwin KM, Bonnington CA, et al. The role of early detection and treatment in malaria elimination. Malar J. 2016;15:363.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30792-X","volume":"391","author":"J Landier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Landier J, Parker DM, Thu AM, Lwin KM, Delmas G, Nosten FH, et al. Effect of generalised access to early diagnosis and treatment and targeted mass drug administration on Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Eastern Myanmar: an observational study of a regional elimination programme. Lancet. 2018;391:1916\u201326.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3363_CR27","unstructured":"National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP), Tanzania. Supplementary midterm malaria strategic plan 2018\u20132020. Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children; Tanzania; 2018."},{"key":"3363_CR28","volume-title":"Ministry of Health & Social Welfare (MoHSW) (MoHSWM)","author":"National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP), Tanzania","year":"2012","unstructured":"National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP), Tanzania. Ministry of Health & Social Welfare (MoHSW) (MoHSWM). Malaria Programme Performance Review Tanzania Mainland. Tanzania: United Republic of Tanzania; 2012."},{"key":"3363_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2601-1","volume":"17","author":"F Chacky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chacky F, Runge M, Rumisha SF, Machafuko P, Chaki P, Massaga JJ, et al. Nationwide school malaria parasitaemia survey in public primary schools, the United Republic of Tanzania. Malar J. 2018;17:452.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0228469","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228469","volume":"15","author":"M Runge","year":"2020","unstructured":"Runge M, Snow RW, Molteni F, Thawer S, Mohamed A, Mandike R, et al. Simulating the council-specific impact of anti-malaria interventions: a tool to support malaria strategic planning in Tanzania. PLoS ONE. 2020;15:e0228469.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3363_CR31","unstructured":"WHO, RBM Partnership to End Malaria. High burden to high impact: a targeted malaria response. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2019. Report WHO\/CDS\/GMP\/2018.25."},{"key":"3363_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2446-7","volume":"17","author":"RA Khatib","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khatib RA, Chaki PP, Wang DQ, Mlacha YP, Mihayo MG, Gavana T, et al. Epidemiological characterization of malaria in rural southern Tanzania following China-Tanzania pilot joint malaria control baseline survey. Malar J. 2018;17:292.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-018-0507-3","volume":"8","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang D, Chaki P, Mlacha Y, Gavana T, Michael MG, Khatibu R, et al. Application of community-based and integrated strategy to reduce malaria disease burden in southern Tanzania: the study protocol of China-UK-Tanzania pilot project on malaria control. Infect Dis Poverty. 2019;8:4.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty."},{"key":"3363_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/28.1.10","volume":"28","author":"JP Habicht","year":"1999","unstructured":"Habicht JP, Victora CG, Vaughan JP. Evaluation designs for adequacy, plausibility and probability of public health programme performance and impact. Int J Epidemiol. 1999;28:10\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3363_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v2i0.5264","author":"J Shabani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shabani J, Lutambi AM, Mwakalinga V, Masanja H. Clustering of under-five mortality in Rufiji Health and Demographic Surveillance System in rural Tanzania. Glob Health Action. 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/gha.v2i0.5264.","journal-title":"Glob Health Action."},{"key":"3363_CR36","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania), Tanzania, Office of Chief Government Statistician (Zanzibar). 2012 Population and housing census. Dar es Salaam; 2012."},{"key":"3363_CR37","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW): National Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria. Dar es Salaam, 2006."},{"key":"3363_CR38","unstructured":"Roll Back Malaria Monitoring and Evaluation Reference Group, World Health Organization, United Nations Children\u2019s Fund, MEASURE DHS, MEASURE Evaluation, and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Malaria Indicator Survey: Basic documentation for survey design and implementation. 2005, Calverton, Maryland: MEASURE Evaluation"},{"key":"3363_CR39","first-page":"115","volume":"38","author":"D Filmer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Filmer D, Pritchett LH. Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data\u2014Or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India. Demography. 2001;38:115\u201332.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"3363_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1038\/4511042a","volume":"451","author":"B Maher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maher B. Malaria: the end of the beginning. Nature. 2008;451:1042\u20136.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3363_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0347","volume":"92","author":"DA Larsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Larsen DA, Bennett A, Silumbe K, Hamainza B, Yukich JO, Keating J, et al. Population-wide malaria testing and treatment with rapid diagnostic tests and artemether-lumefantrine in southern Zambia: a community randomized step-wedge control trial design. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015;92:913\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"3363_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2260-2","volume":"17","author":"EK Aidoo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aidoo EK, Afrane YA, Machani MG, Chebore W, Lawson BW, Atieli H, et al. Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission. Malar J. 2018;17:111.","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"3363_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0865","volume":"98","author":"M Deutsch-Feldman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deutsch-Feldman M, Hamapumbu H, Lubinda J, Musonda M, Katowa B, Searle KM, et al. Efficiency of a Malaria Reactive Test-and-Treat Program in Southern Zambia: a prospective, observational study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018;98:1382\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"3363_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000304","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000304","volume":"7","author":"P Bejon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bejon P, Williams TN, Liljander A, Noor AM, Wambua J, Ogada E, et al. Stable and unstable malaria hotspots in longitudinal cohort studies in Kenya. PLoS Med. 2010;7:e1000304.","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"3363_CR45","unstructured":"WHO. Community-based reduction of malaria transmission. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2012. https:\/\/www.who.int\/malaria\/publications\/atoz\/9789241502719\/en\/."}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]],"date-time":"2022-11-06T19:15:05Z","timestamp":1667762105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3363"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-020-03363-w","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-32068\/v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-32068\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The Medical Research Coordination Committee of the National Institute for Medical Research granted the permit to conduct this study (NIMR\/HQ\/R.8a\/Vol.IX\/2005). Institution ethical approval was also obtained from the Ifakara Health Institute Institutional Review Board (IHI\/IRB\/No: 18-2015) and the Chinese Centre for Disease Control (201,505). Informed consent was obtained directly from the head of the households, and for the participants\u2009>\u200918\u00a0years, consent\/assent was obtained from parents or guardians for children who are\u2009>\u200913 but\u2009<\u200918\u00a0years and live with a parent or guardian. The consent forms were prepared in English and translated into Kiswahili (the local language). For adults who were not able to read the form, the informed consent form was read out by the local CHCWs in the presence of a community witness (Balozi) and the participant was asked to mark a thumb impression on the form, and the witness signed it.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"292"}}