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In this country, only a few studies investigating the genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      have been performed so far. For this reason, this study aims to examine the genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      by studying samples collected in Grande Comore in 2012 and 2013, using merozoite surface protein 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), merozoite surface protein 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic markers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 162 positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) samples from Grande Comore were used to extract parasite DNA. Allelic families K1, Mad20 and RO33 of the\n                      <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene as well as allelic families IC3D7 and FC37 of the\n                      <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene were determined by using nested PCR. Additionally, 50 out of 151 samples were genotyped to study 24 SNPs by using high resolution melting (HRM).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two allelic families were predominant, the K1 family of\n                      <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene (55%) and the FC27 family of\n                      <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene (47.4%). Among 50 samples genotyped for 24 SNPs, 42 (84%) yielded interpretable results. Out of these isolates, 36 (85%) were genetically unique and 6 (15%) grouped into two clusters. The genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      calculated from\n                      <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>msp<\/jats:italic>\n                      2 genes and SNPs was 0.82 and 0.61, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In summary, a large genetic diversity of\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      was observed in Grande Comore. This may favour persistence of malaria and might be one of the reasons for the high malaria transmission compared to neighbouring islands. Further surveillance of\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates, mainly through environmental management and vector control, is warranted until complete elimination is attained.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03384-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]],"date-time":"2020-09-03T06:03:57Z","timestamp":1599113037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in Grande Comore Island"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1415-4882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasserdine","family":"Papa Mze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Bogreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrille K.","family":"Diedhiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vendela","family":"Herdell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silai","family":"Rahamatou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy K.","family":"Bei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Volkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Basco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souleymane","family":"Mboup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambroise D.","family":"Ahouidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3384_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. 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