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While the Haitian population remains at risk for malaria, there are a limited number of cases annually, making conventional epidemiological measures such as case incidence and prevalence of potentially limited value for fine-scale resolution of transmission patterns and trends. In this context, genetic signatures may be useful for the identification and characterization of the\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      parasite population in order to identify foci of transmission, detect outbreaks, and track parasite movement to potentially inform malaria control and elimination strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluated the genetic signals based on analysis of 21 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 462 monogenomic (single-genome)\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      DNA samples extracted from dried blood spots collected from malaria-positive patients reporting to health facilities in three southwestern Haitian departments (Nippes, Grand\u2019Anse, and Sud) in 2016.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessment of the parasite genetic relatedness revealed evidence of clonal expansion within Nippes and the exchange of parasite lineages between Nippes, Sud, and Grand'Anse. Furthermore, 437 of the 462 samples shared high levels of genetic similarity\u2013at least 20 of 21 SNPS\u2013with at least one other sample in the dataset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results revealed patterns of relatedness suggestive of the repeated recombination of a limited number of founding parasite types without significant outcrossing. These genetic signals offer clues to the underlying relatedness of parasite populations and may be useful for the identification of the foci of transmission and tracking of parasite movement in Haiti for malaria elimination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03439-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T07:02:53Z","timestamp":1603436573000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genetic analysis reveals unique characteristics of Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations in Haiti"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9712-4581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel F.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Chenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Rogier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Lucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baby","family":"Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Frantz","family":"Lemoine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Boncy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dyann F.","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venkatachalam","family":"Udhayakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Volkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"3439_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0753-9","volume":"14","author":"PJ Boncy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boncy PJ, Adrien P, Lemoine JF, Existe A, Henry PJ, Raccurt C, et al. 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Individuals aged 16 or 17\u00a0years who were married, head of household, or a parent were considered \u2018mature minors\u2019 and consented directly.The protocol for molecular surveillance was approved by the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population Bioethics Committee as a non-research programmatic activity. This protocol was also reviewed by Center for Global Health of U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and approved as a non-research surveillance activity.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate:"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"379"}}