{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T18:35:26Z","timestamp":1773340526995,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605484800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the past decade substantial reduction in malaria morbidity and mortality has been observed through well-implemented case management and vector control strategies. India has also achieved a significant reduction in malaria burden in 2018 and has committed to eliminate malaria by 2030. The Mandla Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) was started in 2017 in 1233 villages of District Mandla to demonstrate malaria elimination in a tribal district with hard-to-reach areas was possible using active and passive surveillance, case management, vector control, and targeted information, education and communication campaigns. An operational plan was developed to strengthen the existing surveillance and malaria elimination systems, through fortnightly active case detection to ensure that all cases including those that are introduced into the communities are rapidly identified and treated promptly. The plan also focused on the reduction of human-mosquito contact through the use of Long-Lasting Insecticial Nets (LLINs) and Indoor Residual Spray (IRS). The operational plan was modified in view of the present COVID-19 pandemic by creating systems of assistance for the local administration for COVID-related work while ensuring the operational integrity of malaria elimination efforts.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The use of MEDP study design and operational plan, with its built-in management control systems, has yielded significant (91%) reduction of indigenous cases of malaria during the period from June 2017 to May 2020. The malaria positivity rate was 0.33% in 2017\u201318, 0.13% in 2018\u201319, and 0.06% in 2019\u201320. Mass screening revealed 0.18% malaria positivity in September\u2013October 2018, followed by 0.06% in June 2019, and 0.03% in December 2019, and these were mostly asymptomatic cases in the community. The project has been able to sustain the gains of the past three years during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This paper provides the study design and the operational plan for malaria elimination in a high-burden district of Central India, which presented difficulties of hard to reach areas, forest malaria, and complex epidemiology of urban and rural malaria. The lessons learned could be used for malaria elimination efforts in rest of the country and other parts of South Asia with comparable demography and epidemiology.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03458-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T10:06:22Z","timestamp":1605521182000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Study design and operational framework for a community-based Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) in 1233 villages of district Mandla, Madhya Pradesh"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2552-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsh","family":"Rajvanshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Praveen K.","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sekh","family":"Nisar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yashpal","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Jayswar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravendra K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalyan B.","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Man Mohan","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aparup","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suman L.","family":"Wattal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neeru","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Altaf A.","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3458_CR1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The history of malaria, an ancient disease. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/about\/history\/index.html. Accessed 17 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.30875\/7e6f8c91-en","volume-title":"World malaria report 2019","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World malaria report 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019."},{"key":"3458_CR3","first-page":"537","volume":"141","author":"RK Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma RK, Thakor H, Saha K, Sonal G, Dhariwal A, Singh N. Malaria situation in India with special reference to tribal areas. Indian J Med Res. 2015;141:537.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"3458_CR4","unstructured":"Association of Southeast Asian Nations. 9th East Asia Summit (EAS). https:\/\/asean.org\/category\/asean-secretariat-news\/. Accessed 17 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR5","unstructured":"National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme. Strategic Plan for Malaria Control in India 2012\u20132017. https:\/\/www.nvbdcp.gov.in\/Doc\/Strategic-Action-Plan-Malaria-2012-17-Co.pdf. Accessed 14 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR6","unstructured":"National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. National Framework for Elimination of Malaria in India 2016\u201330. https:\/\/nvbdcp.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/l892s\/National-framework-formalaria-elimination-in-India-2016\u20132030.pdf. Accessed 10 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR7","unstructured":"Directorate of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. Mandla District : Census 2011 data. https:\/\/www.census2011.co.in\/census\/district\/321-mandla.html. Accessed 7 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR8","unstructured":"Foundation for Ecological Security. Ecological profile\u2014Mandla project area. https:\/\/fes.org.in\/ecological-profile\/mandla-madhya-pradesh.pdf. Accessed 12 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR9","unstructured":"India Meteorological Department (IMD), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. Customized Rainfall Information System (CRIS). https:\/\/hydro.imd.gov.in\/hydrometweb\/(S(2ogswu45dib5nb45vzaepp55))\/DistrictRaifall.aspx. Accessed 14 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR10","unstructured":"National Health Systems Resource Centre, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. HMIS Analysis 15\u201316\u2014Balaghat. https:\/\/nhsrcindia.org\/sites\/default\/files\/hmis\/Madhya%20Pradesh-Balaghat.docx. Accessed 10 Aug 2020."},{"key":"3458_CR11","unstructured":"National Health Systems Resource Centre, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. HMIS Analysis 15\u201316\u2014Chattisgarh. https:\/\/nhsrcindia.org\/sites\/default\/files\/hmis\/Chattisgarh.docx. 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Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013."},{"key":"3458_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03402-6","volume":"19","author":"PK Bharti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bharti PK, Rajvanshi H, Nisar S, Jayswar H, Saha KB, Shukla MM, Mishra AK, Sharma RK, Das A, Kaur H, Wattal SL, Lal AA. Demonstration of indigenous malaria elimination through Track-Test-Treat-Track (T4) strategy in a Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project in Mandla, Madhya Pradesh. 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Wattal are solely in her personal capacity and do not necessarily reflect the views of NVBDCP, New Delhi.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclaimer"}}],"article-number":"410"}}