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The proportion of reported malaria cases caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. increased to levels higher than expected during 2012 to 2019, and showed two peaks, 19.69% in 2015 and 19.35% in 2018.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A case-based retrospective study was performed using data collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) and Information System for Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (ISPDCP) from 2012 to 2019 to assess the trends and differences between\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium ovale curtisi<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P. o. curtisi<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium ovale wallikeri<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P. o. wallikeri<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\n                      <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium o. curtisi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>P. o. wallikeri<\/jats:italic>\n                      were found to simultaneously circulate in 14 African countries. Among 128 patients infected with\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., the proportion of co-infection cases was 10.16%. Six cases of co-infection with\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      were noted\n                      <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                      each presenting with two clinical attacks (the first attack was due to\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the second was due to\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.) at different intervals. Accurate identification of the infecting species was achieved among only 20.00% of cases of\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. infection. At the reporting units, 32.17% and 6.96% of cases of\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. infection were misdiagnosed as\n                      <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present results indicate that the potential of\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. to co-infect with other\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species has been previously underestimated, as is the incidence of\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in countries where malaria is endemic.\n                      <jats:italic>P. o. curtisi<\/jats:italic>\n                      may have a long latency period of\u2009&gt;\u20093\u00a0years and potentially cause residual foci, thus posing challenges to the elimination of malaria in\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.-endemic areas. Considering the low rate of species identification, more sensitive point-of-care detection methods need to be developed for\n                      <jats:italic>P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and introduced in non-endemic areas.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03551-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T16:03:31Z","timestamp":1609949011000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Epidemiological profile of Plasmodium ovale spp. imported from Africa to Anhui Province, China, 2012\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duoquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Auburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenning","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuicui","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1486-0883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weidong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"3551_CR1","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2019","author":"WHO","year":"2019","unstructured":"WHO. 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As the study was based on a retrospective review of disease notification data, informed consent was waived. The identifiers of patients were removed before analysis.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}