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This study aims to understand <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species distribution and the genetic diversity of <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> of parasite populations using molecular tools.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 222 clinical isolates from individuals with uncomplicated malaria were subjected to <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species identification by nested real-time PCR. 166 isolates positive for <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> mono infections were further genotyped for <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic> (MAD20, K1, and RO33), and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> allelic families (3D7 and FC27). Amplicons were resolved through capillary electrophoresis in the QIAxcel Advanced system.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mono-infections were high and with 75% <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>, 14% <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> and 9% <jats:italic>P. falciparum\/P. vivax<\/jats:italic> co-infections, with less than 1% <jats:italic>Plasmodium malariae<\/jats:italic> identified. For <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic>, MAD20 was the most prevalent (99%), followed by K1 (46%) allelic family, with no sample testing positive for RO33 (0%). For <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic>, 3D7 allelic family was predominant (97%), followed by FC27 (10%). The multiplicity of infection of <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> was 2.6 and 1.1, respectively, and the mean overall multiplicity of infection was 3.7, with the total number of alleles ranging from 1 to 7.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Given the increasing importance of antimalarial drugs in the region, the genetic diversity of <jats:italic>P. falciparum msp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> should be regularly monitored with respect to treatment outcomes and\/or efficacy studies in regions, where there are ongoing changes in the malaria epidemiology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03561-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T13:02:18Z","timestamp":1609419738000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Molecular surveillance and temporal monitoring of malaria parasites in focal Vietnamese provinces"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Bui","family":"Van Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Brauny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le Thi Kieu","family":"Linh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas Reddy","family":"Pallerla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Thi Thu","family":"Huyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoang","family":"Van Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Linh","family":"Toan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do","family":"Quyet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Anh","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9809-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thirumalaisamy P.","family":"Velavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"3561_CR1","volume-title":"World malaria report 2019","author":"WHO","year":"2019","unstructured":"WHO. 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The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors have read and approved this submission. All authors have consented to publish this as an original article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors disclose no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"458"}}