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Monitoring the molecular markers of drug resistance helps improve malaria treatment policies. This study aimed to assess the distribution of molecular markers of imported <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 485 <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> cases imported from Africa, Southeast Asia, and Oceania into Zhejiang province, China, from 2016 to 2018 were investigated. Most were imported from Africa, and only a few cases originated in Asia and Oceania. Blood samples were collected from each patient. <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> chloroquine resistance transporter (<jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic>) at residues 72\u201376 and Kelch13-propeller (<jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic>) were determined by nested PCR and DNA sequence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Wild-type <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> at residues 72\u201376 was predominant (72.61%), but mutant and mixed alleles were also detected, of which CVIET (22.72%) was the most common. Mutant <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> haplotypes were more frequent in patients from West Africa (26.92%), North Africa (25%), and Central Africa (21.93%). The number of cases of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> infections was small in Southeast Asia and Oceania, and these cases involved <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> mutant type. For the <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> propeller gene, 26 samples presented 19 different point mutations, including eight nonsynonymous mutations (P441S, D464E, K503E, R561H, A578S, R622I, V650F, N694K). In addition, R561H, one of the validated SNPs in <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic>, was detected in one patient from Myanmar and one patient from Rwanda. A578S, although common in Africa, was found in only one patient from Cameroon. R622I was detected in one sample from Mozambique and one sample from Somalia. The genetic diversity of <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> was low in most regions of Africa and purifying selection was suggested by Tajima\u2019s D test.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The frequency and spatial distributions of <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> mutations associated with drug resistance were determined. Wild-type <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> was dominant in Africa. Among <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> mutations correlated with delayed parasite clearance, only the R561H mutation was found in one case from Rwanda in Africa. Both <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> mutations were detected in patients from Southeast Asia and Oceania. These findings provide insights into the molecular epidemiological profile of drug resistance markers in the study region.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-3140-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T15:03:04Z","timestamp":1580828584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Molecular surveillance of Pfcrt and k13 propeller polymorphisms of imported Plasmodium falciparum cases to Zhejiang Province, China between 2016 and 2018"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuisen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiaoyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3140_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. world malaria report. 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