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Resistance to SP is conferred by accumulation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> genes involved in folate metabolism, <jats:italic>dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr)<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dihydropteroate synthase (Pfdhps)<\/jats:italic>, targeted by pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine, respectively. Because SP is still used for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women (IPTp) and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMCP) in Benin, the prevalence of <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic> SNPs in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates collected in 2017 were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study was carried out in two sites where the transmission of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria is hyper-endemic: Klou\u00e9kanmey and Djougou. Blood samples were collected from 178 febrile children 6\u201359 months old with confirmed uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria and were genotyped for SNPs associated with SP resistance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> triple mutant <jats:bold>IRN<\/jats:bold> (N51<jats:bold>I<\/jats:bold>, C59<jats:bold>R<\/jats:bold>, and S108<jats:bold>N<\/jats:bold>) was the most prevalent (84.6%) haplotype and was commonly found with the <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic> single mutant A437<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> (50.5%) or with the <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic> double mutant S436<jats:bold>A<\/jats:bold> and A437<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> (33.7%). The quintuple mutant, <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic><jats:bold>IRN<\/jats:bold>\/<jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic><jats:bold>GE<\/jats:bold> (A437<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> and K540<jats:bold>E<\/jats:bold>), was rarely observed (0.8%). The A581<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> and A613<jats:bold>S<\/jats:bold> mutant alleles were found in 2.6 and 3.9% of isolates, respectively. Six isolates (3.9%) were shown to harbour a mutation at codon I431<jats:bold>V<\/jats:bold>, recently identified in West African parasites.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study showed that <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> triple <jats:bold>IRN<\/jats:bold> mutants are near fixation in this population and that the highly sulfadoxine-resistant <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic> alleles are not widespread in Benin. These data support the continued use of SP for chemoprevention in these study sites, which should be complemented by periodic nationwide molecular surveillance to detect emergence of resistant genotypes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03605-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T04:28:35Z","timestamp":1612758515000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Low prevalence of highly sulfadoxine\u2010resistant dihydropteroate synthase alleles in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Benin"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Samaly Souza","family":"Svigel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adicath","family":"Adeothy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augustin","family":"Kpemasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Houngbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Sianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramani","family":"Saliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica E.","family":"Patton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fortune","family":"Dagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Halsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Tchevoede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatachalam","family":"Udhayakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi W.","family":"Lucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3605_CR1","volume-title":"World malaria report 2019","author":"WHO","year":"2019","unstructured":"WHO. 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