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India alone accounted for 2% of total malaria cases globally. Anti-malarial drug resistance is one of the major problems for malaria control and elimination programme. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) is the first-line treatment of uncomplicated <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> in north eastern states of India since 2013 after confirming the resistance against sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. In the present study, therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> polymorphism was assessed in uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study was conducted at four community health centres located in Koraput district of Odisha, Bastar district of Chhattisgarh, Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh and Gondia district of Maharashtra state. Patients with uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria were administered with fixed dose combination (6 doses) of artemether-lumefantrine for 3\u00a0days and clinical and parasitological response was recorded up to 28\u00a0days as per World Health Organization protocol. Nucleotide sequencing of <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> gene was performed to differentiate between recrudescence and reinfection. Amplification and sequencing of <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> propeller gene region covering codon 450\u2013680 was also carried out to identify the polymorphism.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total 376 malaria patients who fulfilled the enrolment criteria as well as consented for the study were enrolled. Total 356 patients were followed up successfully up to 28\u00a0days. Overall, the adequate clinical and parasitological response was 98.9% and 99.4% with and without PCR correction respectively. No case of early treatment failure was observed. However, four cases (1.1%) of late parasitological failure were found from the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh. Genotyping of <jats:italic>msp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msp2<\/jats:italic> confirmed 2 cases each of recrudescence and reinfection, respectively. Mutation analysis of k13 propeller gene showed one non-synonymous mutation Q613H in one isolate from Bastar.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study results showed that artemether-lumefantrine is highly effective in the treatment of uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria among all age groups. No functional mutation in <jats:italic>k13<\/jats:italic> was found in the study area. The data from this study will be helpful in implementation of artemether-lumefantrine in case of treatment failure by artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03762-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T09:04:25Z","timestamp":1621587865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in four malaria endemic states of 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