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The antigen targets of immune responses may show polymorphisms that can undermine their recognition by immune effectors and hence render vaccines based on antigens from a single parasite variant ineffective against other variants. This study compared the influence of allelic polymorphisms in <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> apical membrane antigen 1 (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>AMA1) peptide sequences from three strains of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> (3D7, 7G8 and FVO) on their function as immunodominant targets of T cell responses in high and low malaria transmission communities in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 10 subjects from a high transmission area (Obom) and 10 subjects from a low transmission area (Legon) were tested against 15 predicted CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell minimal epitopes within the <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>AMA1 antigen of multiple parasite strains using IFN-\u03b3 ELISpot assay. The peptides were also tested in similar assays against CD8\u2009+\u2009enriched PBMC fractions from the same subjects in an effort to characterize the responding T cell subsets.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In assays using unfractionated PBMCs, two subjects from the high transmission area, Obom, responded positively to four (26.7%) of the 15 tested peptides. None of the Legon subject PBMCs yielded positive peptide responses using unfractionated PBMCs. In assays with CD8\u2009+\u2009enriched PBMCs, three subjects from Obom made positive recall responses to six (40%) of the 15 tested peptides, while only one subject from Legon made a positive recall response to a single peptide. Overall, 5 of the 20 study subjects who had positive peptide-specific IFN-\u03b3 recall responses were from the high transmission area, Obom. Furthermore, while subjects from Obom responded to peptides in <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>AMA1 from multiple parasite strains, one subject from Legon responded to a peptide from 3D7 strain only.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The current data demonstrate the possibility of a real effect of <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>AMA1 polymorphisms on the induction of T cell responses in malaria exposed subjects, and this effect may be more pronounced in communities with higher parasite exposure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03900-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T11:02:39Z","timestamp":1631271759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of the impact of allelic polymorphisms in PfAMA1 on the induction of T Cell responses in high and low malaria endemic communities in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ebenezer A.","family":"Ofori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John K. 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