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Therefore, this study aimed to identify the distribution of vectors involved in knowlesi malaria transmission in Johor. This finding is vital in estimating hotspot areas for targeted control strategies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes were collected from the location where <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> cases were reported. Cases of knowlesi malaria from 2011 to 2019 in Johor were analyzed. Internal transcribed spacers 2 (<jats:italic>ITS2<\/jats:italic>) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (<jats:italic>COI<\/jats:italic>) genes were used to identify the Leucosphyrus Group of <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes. In addition, spatial analysis was carried out on the knowlesi cases and vectors in Johor.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hundred and eighty-nine cases of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> were reported in Johor over 10\u00a0years. Young adults between the ages of 20\u201339\u00a0years comprised 65% of the cases. Most infected individuals were involved in agriculture and army-related occupations (22% and 32%, respectively). Four hundred and eighteen Leucosphyrus Group <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> mosquitoes were captured during the study. <jats:italic>Anopheles introlatus<\/jats:italic> was the predominant species, followed by <jats:italic>Anopheles latens<\/jats:italic>. Spatial analysis by Kriging interpolation found that hotspot regions of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> overlapped or were close to the areas where <jats:italic>An. introlatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>An. latens<\/jats:italic> were found. A significantly high number of vectors and <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> cases were found near the road within 0\u20135\u00a0km.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study describes the distribution of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> cases and <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic> species in malaria-endemic transmission areas in Johor. Geospatial analysis is a valuable tool for studying the relationship between vectors and <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> cases. This study further supports that the Leucosphyrus Group of mosquitoes might be involved in transmitting knowlesi malaria cases in Johor. These findings may provide initial evidence to prioritize diseases and vector surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03963-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T11:02:59Z","timestamp":1635505379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Spatial distribution of Plasmodium knowlesi cases and their vectors in Johor, Malaysia: in light of human malaria elimination"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sandthya","family":"Pramasivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romano","family":"Ngui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nantha Kumar","family":"Jeyaprakasam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan Wee Kent","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Lun","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norzihan","family":"Mohamed Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan Yusoff","family":"Wan Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ropiah","family":"Jaraee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roslinda","family":"Abdul Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenarun","family":"Jelip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indra","family":"Vythilingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"3963_CR1","volume-title":"World malaria report 2020: 20 years of global progress and challenges","author":"WHO","year":"2020","unstructured":"WHO. 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