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Often, the association of CM with cerebral oedema is related with high mortality rate. Morphological changes of the choroid plexus (CP) and caspase-3 expression in CM have not been reported. In addition, limited knowledge is known regarding the role of aquaporin (AQP)-1 in CM. The present study evaluated changes in the CP, explored apoptotic changes and AQP-1 expression in CP epithelial cells (CPECs) in fatal CM patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CP from fatal <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria patients (5 non-CM [NCM], 16 CM) were retrieved and prepared for histopathological evaluation. Caspase-3 and AQP-1 expressions in CPECs were investigated by immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Histologically, apoptotic changes in CPECs were significantly observed in the CM group compared with the NCM and normal control (NC) groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). These changes included cytoplasmic and nuclear condensation\/shrinkage of CPECs and detachment of CPECs from the basement membrane. The apoptotic changes were positively correlated with caspase-3 expression in the nuclei of CPECs. In addition, AQP-1 expression in CPECs was significantly decreased in the CM group compared with the NCM and NC groups (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A negative correlation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009\u2009\u2212\u20090.450,\u00a0<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024) was documented between caspase-3 expression in the nuclei of CPECs and AQP-1.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Apoptotic changes and altered AQP-1 expression may contribute to CPEC dysfunction and subsequently reduce cerebrospinal fluid production, affecting the water homeostasis in the brains of patients with CM.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04044-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T13:02:41Z","timestamp":1644670961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Apoptotic changes and aquaporin-1 expression in the choroid plexus of cerebral malaria patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Charit","family":"Srisook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Supattra","family":"Glaharn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuchard","family":"Punsawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5157-1143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parnpen","family":"Viriyavejakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4044_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181eee738","volume":"68","author":"R Idro","year":"2010","unstructured":"Idro R, Marsh K, John CC, Newton CR. 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