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However, <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> has several unique ecological features that could generate distinct transmission dynamics and responsiveness to interventions. The objectives of this work were to develop a model which will: (1) reconstruct the population dynamics, survival, and fecundity of wild <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> populations in southern Tanzania, (2) quantify impacts of density dependence on the dynamics, and (3) assess seasonal fluctuations in <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> demography. Through quantifying the population dynamics of <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic>, this model will enable analysis of how their stability and response to interventions may differ from that of <jats:italic>An. gambiae <\/jats:italic>sensu lato.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A Bayesian State Space Model (SSM) based on mosquito life history was fit to time series data on the abundance of female <jats:italic>An. funestus <\/jats:italic>sensu stricto collected over 2\u00a0years in southern Tanzania. Prior values of fitness and demography were incorporated from empirical data on larval development, adult survival and fecundity from laboratory-reared first generation progeny of wild caught <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic>. The model was structured to allow larval and adult fitness traits to vary seasonally in response to environmental covariates (i.e. temperature and rainfall), and for density dependency in larvae. The effects of density dependence and seasonality were measured through counterfactual examination of model fit with or without these covariates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The model accurately reconstructed the seasonal population dynamics of <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> and generated biologically-plausible values of their survival larval, development and fecundity in the wild. This model suggests that <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> survival and fecundity annual pattern was highly variable across the year, but did not show consistent seasonal trends either rainfall or temperature<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> While the model fit was somewhat improved by inclusion of density dependence, this was a relatively minor effect and suggests that this process is not as important for <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> as it is for <jats:italic>An. gambiae<\/jats:italic> populations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The model's ability to accurately reconstruct the dynamics and demography of <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> could potentially be useful in simulating the response of these populations to vector control techniques deployed separately or in combination. The observed and simulated dynamics also suggests that <jats:italic>An. funestus<\/jats:italic> could be playing a role in year-round malaria transmission, with any apparent seasonality attributed to other vector species.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04189-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T12:03:32Z","timestamp":1654257812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Using Bayesian state-space models to understand the population dynamics of the dominant malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in rural Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2789-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halfan S.","family":"Ngowo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredros O.","family":"Okumu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel E.","family":"Hape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issa H.","family":"Mshani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Matthiopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"4189_CR1","unstructured":"Gillies M, Meillon D (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian zoogeographical region). 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