{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:34:00Z","timestamp":1787020440635,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hemax Health Inc; USA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sri Lanka, an island nation, has eliminated endemic malaria transmission. Maintaining elimination in the continued presence of vectors requires vigilance in screening people travelling from high malaria-risk areas and a rapid response with focal screening for infections identified in the community. Such screening requires accurate and very rapid assays that enable an immediate response. Both microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have limitations including sensitivity and speed in screening large numbers, while polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is practical only as laboratory confirmation. This study assessed the utility of \u2018Gazelle\u2019, a novel rapid malaria assay based on magneto-optical detection of haemozoin, a by-product of malaria parasite metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between October 2020 and March 2021, two groups of individuals were screened for malaria by four methods, namely, microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Gazelle and PCR. Passive case detection was carried out for confirmation of diagnosis amongst individuals suspected of having malaria. Individuals at high-risk of acquiring malaria, namely persons returning from malaria endemic countries, were screened by active case detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 440 individuals screened for malaria, nine malaria positives were diagnosed by PCR, microscopy and the HRP2 band of RDT, which included five\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections, two\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and one each of\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium malariae.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Gazelle correctly detected the\n                      <jats:italic>P. vivax, P. ovale<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>P. malariae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections within the 2\u00a0min test time, but did not detect two\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections giving a sensitivity of 77.8%. Specificity was 100%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Gazelle, a portable bench top device proved useful to screen a large number of blood samples for non-falciparum parasites within 5\u00a0minutes of sample input. Species differentiation, and improvement in\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      detection, will be important to broaden utility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04283-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,10]],"date-time":"2022-09-10T10:02:24Z","timestamp":1662804144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of a haemozoin-based rapid diagnostic test for diagnosis of imported malaria during the phase of prevention of reestablishment in Sri Lanka"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Deepika","family":"Fernando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyaleela","family":"Thota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saveen","family":"Semege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahuman","family":"Booso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumudunayana T.","family":"de A. 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The individuals screened have not been identified in any manner.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"PT, DB and AR are the employees of Hemex Health who funded the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"263"}}