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In Senegal, the Southern region had the highest malaria incidence and malaria-related deaths. The relationship between vector density and malaria transmission remains poorly understood in some specific areas. The aim of this study was to characterize the current entomological and transmission parameters with special emphasis on the <jats:italic>Anopheles gambiae<\/jats:italic> complex in the malaria pre-elimination area of Mlomp south-western Senegal.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021 in Djicomol and Cadjinolle in the commune of Mlomp region of Ziguinchor, Senegal. Sampling was carried out using Human Landing Catches (HLC) and Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC). Ovaries were dissected to determine female parity rate. Infection status, blood meal sources and species molecular identification were determined using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques respectively.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 6956 mosquitoes of the <jats:italic>An. gambiae<\/jats:italic> complex were collected, of which 6739 were by HLC (96.88%) and 217 by PSC (3.12%). The mean human biting rate was 36.98 bites\/person\/night (b\/p\/n) indoors and 43.25 b\/p\/n outdoors. Female biting activity was more frequent during the second half of the night. Mean parity rates were 24.83% indoors and 18.94% outdoors. The human blood index was estimated at 76.09%. Overall, <jats:italic>An. gambiae <\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:italic>sensu stricto<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>s.s.<\/jats:italic>) was the most common species (75.08%). No female <jats:italic>An. gambiae<\/jats:italic> was found to be infected with <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> in the sub-sample tested, thus no malaria transmission was recorded in Mlomp during the study period.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The results alert malaria control programme to develop additional strategies for controlling these vectors, which show exophagic behaviours to effectively combat malaria.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-025-05411-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T12:15:48Z","timestamp":1751631348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bionomics of Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae) and malaria transmission pattern in a pre-elimination area in South\u2013Western Senegal"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Moussa","family":"Diop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youssouph","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Thiaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye Kane","family":"Dia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaya Ibrahim","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modibo","family":"Sangar\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nd\u00e8ye Aita","family":"Ndoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moussa","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mame Fatou","family":"Tall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouhamadou Bassir","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oumar","family":"Ciss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seynabou Mocote","family":"Di\u00e9dhiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ousmane","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Diop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Konat\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badara","family":"Samb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Niang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lassana","family":"Konat\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger Cl\u00e9ment Kouly","family":"Tine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El Hadji Amadou","family":"Niang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"5411_CR1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Guidelines for malaria vector control","author":"WHO","year":"2019","unstructured":"WHO. 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The study protocol was carefully explained to the chief and inhabitants of each village investigated to obtain their informed oral consent. Informed oral consent was also obtained from the heads of each household and the human participants in which collections were undertaken.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"215"}}