{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T08:58:15Z","timestamp":1769849895641,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-02413635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-02413635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T10:08:40Z","timestamp":1759918120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genetic diversity and natural selection of circumsporozoite surface protein in Vietnam Plasmodium falciparum isolates"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tu\u1ea5n C\u01b0\u1eddng","family":"V\u00f5","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang","family":"L\u00ea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung-Mi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Thi Minh","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chau","family":"Van Khanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minkyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huynh Hong","family":"Quang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byoung-Kuk","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5585_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. World Malaria Report 2024. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2024."},{"key":"5585_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-213","volume":"12","author":"WHO Malaria Policy Advisory Committee and Secretariat","year":"2013","unstructured":"WHO Malaria Policy Advisory Committee and Secretariat. Malaria policy advisory committee to the WHO: conclusions and recommendations of March 2013 meeting. Malar J. 2013;12:213.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a025619","volume":"7","author":"D Menard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Menard D, Dondorp A. Antimalarial drug resistance: a threat to malaria elimination. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2017;7:a025619.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"5585_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04554-x","volume":"22","author":"J Carson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carson J, Erriah B, Herodotou S, Shtukenberg AG, Smith L, Ryazanskaya S, et al. Overcoming insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes by using faster-acting solid forms of deltamethrin. Malar J. 2023;22:129.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00109-24","volume":"37","author":"NJ White","year":"2024","unstructured":"White NJ, Chotivanich K. Artemisinin-resistant malaria. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2024;37:e0010924.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"5585_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26951","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.013706","volume":"284","author":"ML Plassmeyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Plassmeyer ML, Reiter K, Shimp RL, Kotova S, Smith PD, Hurt DE, et al. Structure of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein, a leading malaria vaccine candidate. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:26951\u201363.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"5585_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101488","volume":"208","author":"A Coppi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coppi A, Natarajan R, Pradel G, Bennett BL, James ER, Roggero MA, et al. The malaria circumsporozoite protein has two functional domains, each with distinct roles as sporozoites journey from mosquito to mammalian host. J Exp Med. 2011;208:341\u201356.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"5585_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rathore D, Sacci JB, de la Vega P, McCutchan TF. Binding and invasion of liver cells by Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Essential involvement of the amino terminus of circumsporozoite protein. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:7092\u20138.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106862200"},{"key":"5585_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.775659","volume":"12","author":"L Kurtovic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kurtovic L, Drew DR, Dent AE, Kazura JW, Beeson JG. Antibody targets and properties for complement-fixation against the circumsporozoite protein in malaria immunity. Front Immunol. 2021;12:775659.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5585_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701093360202","volume":"336","author":"JA Stoute","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stoute JA, Slaoui M, Heppner DG, Momin P, Kester KE, Desmons P, et al. A preliminary evaluation of a recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:86\u201391.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5585_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46621","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46621","volume":"7","author":"KA Collins","year":"2017","unstructured":"Collins KA, Snaith R, Cottingham MG, Gilbert SC, Hill AVS. Enhancing protective immunity to malaria with a highly immunogenic virus-like particle vaccine. Sci Rep. 2017;7:46621.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5585_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70100-1","volume":"11","author":"KP Asante","year":"2011","unstructured":"Asante KP, Abdulla S, Agnandji S, Lyimo J, Vekemans J, Soulanoudjingar S, et al. Safety and efficacy of the RTS,S\/AS01E candidate malaria vaccine given with expanded-programme-on-immunisation vaccines: 19 month follow-up of a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11:741\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5585_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership, Agnandji ST, Lell B, Fernandes JF, Abossolo BP, Methogo BG, et al. A phase 3 trial of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:2284\u201395.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1208394"},{"key":"5585_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00943-0","volume":"397","author":"MS Datoo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Datoo MS, Natama MH, Som\u00e9 A, Traor\u00e9 O, Rouamba T, Bellamy D, et al. Efficacy of a low-dose candidate malaria vaccine, R21 in adjuvant Matrix-M, with seasonal administration to children in Burkina Faso: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2021;397:1809\u201318.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5585_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-04846-w","volume":"23","author":"N Aderinto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aderinto N, Olatunji G, Kokori E, Sikirullahi S, Aboje JE, Ojabo RE. A perspective on Oxford\u2019s R21\/Matrix-MTM malaria vaccine and the future of global eradication efforts. Malar J. 2024;23:16.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02511-4","volume":"403","author":"MS Datoo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Datoo MS, Dicko A, Tinto H, Ou\u00e9draogo J-B, Hamaluba M, Olotu A, et al. Safety and efficacy of malaria vaccine candidate R21\/Matrix-M in African children: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2024;403:533\u201344.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5585_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.09.097","volume":"27","author":"SE Bongfen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bongfen SE, Ntsama PM, Offner S, Smith T, Felger I, Tanner M, et al. The N-terminal domain of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein represents a target of protective immunity. Vaccine. 2009;27:328\u201335.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"5585_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2513-0","volume":"17","author":"HG L\u00ea","year":"2018","unstructured":"L\u00ea HG, Kang JM, Moe M, Jun H, Th\u00e1i TL, Lee J, et al. Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of circumsporozoite surface protein in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Myanmar. Malar J. 2018;17:361.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2023.105418","volume":"110","author":"CC Dieng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dieng CC, Ford CT, Lerch A, Doniou D, Vegesna K, Janies D, et al. Genetic variations of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein and the impact on interactions with human immunoproteins and malaria vaccine efficacy. Infect Genet Evol. 2023;110:105418.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"5585_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1378-6","volume":"17","author":"C Doba\u00f1o","year":"2019","unstructured":"Doba\u00f1o C, Ubillos I, Jairoce C, Gyan B, Vidal M, Jim\u00e9nez A, et al. RTS,S\/AS01E immunization increases antibody responses to vaccine-unrelated Plasmodium falciparum antigens associated with protection against clinical malaria in African children: a case-control study. BMC Med. 2019;17:157.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"5585_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.4.1229-1235.2006","volume":"44","author":"A Jalloh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jalloh A, van Thien H, Ferreira MU, Ohashi J, Matsuoka H, Kanbe T, et al. Sequence variation in the T-cell epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein among field isolates is temporally stable: a 5-year longitudinal study in southern Vietnam. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44:1229\u201335.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"5585_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2021.102374","volume":"83","author":"TC V\u00f5","year":"2021","unstructured":"V\u00f5 TC, L\u00ea HG, Kang J-M, Naw H, Fan C-K, Trinh NTM, et al. Molecular surveillance of malaria in the Central Highlands, Vietnam. Parasitol Int. 2021;83:102374.","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"5585_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90050-8","volume":"58","author":"G Snounou","year":"1993","unstructured":"Snounou G, Viriyakosol S, Jarra W, Thaithong S, Brown KN. Identification of the four human malaria parasite species in field samples by the polymerase chain reaction and detection of a high prevalence of mixed infections. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1993;58:283\u201392.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"5585_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp187","volume":"25","author":"P Librado","year":"2009","unstructured":"Librado P, Rozas J. DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data. Bioinformatics. 2009;25:1451\u20132.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"5585_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","volume":"30","author":"K Tamura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol. 2013;30:2725\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"5585_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x","volume":"14","author":"G Evanno","year":"2005","unstructured":"Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol. 2005;14:2611\u201320.","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"5585_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12719","volume":"18","author":"Y-L Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Y-L, Liu J-X. Structureselector: a web-based software to select and visualize the optimal number of clusters using multiple methods. Mol Ecol Resour. 2018;18:176\u20137.","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"5585_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2009.02.006","volume":"9","author":"C Putaporntip","year":"2009","unstructured":"Putaporntip C, Jongwutiwes S, Hughes AL. Natural selection maintains a stable polymorphism at the circumsporozoite protein locus of Plasmodium falciparum in a low endemic area. Infect Genet Evol. 2009;9:567\u201373.","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"5585_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.12.039","volume":"31","author":"K Tanabe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tanabe K, Mita T, Palacpac NM, Arisue N, Tougan T, Kawai S, et al. Within-population genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate antigens reveals geographic distance from a central sub-Saharan African origin. Vaccine. 2013;31:1334\u20139.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"5585_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043430","volume":"7","author":"M Zeeshan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zeeshan M, Alam MT, Vinayak S, Bora H, Tyagi RK, Alam MS, et al. Genetic variation in the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein in India and its relevance to RTS,S malaria vaccine. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e43430.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5585_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.1046","volume":"76","author":"S Zakeri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zakeri S, Avazalipoor M, Mehrizi AA, Djadid ND, Snounou G. Restricted T-cell epitope diversity in the circumsporozoite protein from Plasmodium falciparum populations prevalent in Iran. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;76:1046\u201351.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"5585_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(02)00216-5","volume":"125","author":"AA Escalante","year":"2002","unstructured":"Escalante AA, Grebert HM, Isea R, Goldman IF, Basco L, Magris M, et al. A study of genetic diversity in the gene encoding the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum from different transmission areas\u2013XVI. asembo bay cohort project. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2002;125:83\u201390.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"5585_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03315-4","volume":"19","author":"HY Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang HY, Liang XY, Lin LY, Chen JT, Ehapo CS, Eyi UM, et al. Genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea and global comparative analysis. Malar J. 2020;19:245.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.09.001","volume":"37","author":"GD Weedall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weedall GD, Preston BM, Thomas AW, Sutherland CJ, Conway DJ. Differential evidence of natural selection on two leading sporozoite stage malaria vaccine candidate antigens. Int J Parasitol. 2007;37:77\u201385.","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"5585_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RTS,S Clinical Trials Partnership. Efficacy and safety of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386:31\u201345.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60721-8"},{"key":"5585_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-04974-3","volume":"23","author":"BM Lyimo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lyimo BM, Bakari C, Popkin-Hall ZR, Giesbrecht DJ, Seth MD, Pereus D, et al. Genetic polymorphism and evidence of signatures of selection in the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein gene in Tanzanian regions with different malaria endemicity. Malar J. 2024;23:139.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(96)10077-6","volume":"13","author":"DJ Conway","year":"1997","unstructured":"Conway DJ. Natural selection on polymorphic malaria antigens and the search for a vaccine. Parasitol Today. 1997;13:26\u20139.","journal-title":"Parasitol Today"},{"key":"5585_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4513","volume":"24","author":"J Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan J, Sack BK, Oyen D, Zenklusen I, Piccoli L, Barbieri S, et al. A public antibody lineage that potently inhibits malaria infection through dual binding to the circumsporozoite protein. Nat Med. 2018;24:401\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"5585_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1669415","volume":"16","author":"MB Laurens","year":"2020","unstructured":"Laurens MB. RTS,S\/AS01 vaccine (MosquirixTM): an overview. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16:480\u20139.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"5585_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.07.012","volume":"100","author":"PR Bhattacharya","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bhattacharya PR, Bhatia V, Pillai CR. Genetic diversity of T-helper cell epitopic regions of circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006;100:395\u2013400.","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"5585_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270819","volume":"27","author":"V Udhayakumar","year":"1997","unstructured":"Udhayakumar V, Ongecha JM, Shi YP, Aidoo M, Orago AS, Oloo AJ, et al. Cytotoxic T cell reactivity and HLA-B35 binding of the variant Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein CD8+ CTL epitope in naturally exposed Kenyan adults. Eur J Immunol. 1997;27:1952\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"5585_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1038\/360434a0","volume":"360","author":"AV Hill","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hill AV, Elvin J, Willis AC, Aidoo M, Allsopp CE, Gotch FM, et al. Molecular analysis of the association of HLA-B53 and resistance to severe malaria. Nature. 1992;360:434\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5585_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2372-8","volume":"17","author":"SM Goldlust","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goldlust SM, Thuan PD, Giang DDH, Thang ND, Thwaites GE, Farrar J, et al. The decline of malaria in Vietnam, 1991\u20132014. Malar J. 2018;17:226.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5585_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12121903","volume":"12","author":"J-M Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang J-M, L\u00ea HG, V\u00f5 TC, Naw H, Yoo WG, Sohn W-M, et al. Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of apical membrane antigen-1 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Vietnam. Genes. 2021;12:12:1903.","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"5585_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20025","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47275-6","volume":"13","author":"TC V\u00f5","year":"2023","unstructured":"V\u00f5 TC, L\u00ea HG, Kang J-M, Naw H, Yoo WG, Myint MK, et al. Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of the erythrocyte binding antigen 175 region II in Plasmodium falciparum populations from Myanmar and Vietnam. Sci Rep. 2023;13:20025.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5585_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-10116-6","volume":"24","author":"TC V\u00f5","year":"2024","unstructured":"V\u00f5 TC, L\u00ea HG, Kang J-M, Trinh NTM, Quang HH, Na B-K. Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 1 and merozoite surface protein 2 in the Vietnam Plasmodium falciparum population. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24:1216.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"5585_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149731","volume":"968","author":"TC V\u00f5","year":"2025","unstructured":"V\u00f5 TC, L\u00ea HG, Kang J-M, Trinh NTM, Cho M, Goo Y-K, et al. Genetic diversity and natural selection of cell-traversal protein for ookinetes and sporozoites (CelTOS) in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Vietnam. Gene. 2025;968:149731.","journal-title":"Gene"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T11:05:46Z","timestamp":1759921546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/malariajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05585-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology Quy Nhon, Ministry of Health, Vietnam (IRB Approval Numbers: 386\/VSR-LSDT, 45\/VSR-NCDT, and 637\/VSR-NCDT). Verbal informed consent was obtained from all the participants in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"320"}}