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Malar J. 2007;6:131.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5846_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31097-9","volume":"394","author":"DJ Weiss","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weiss DJ, Lucas TCD, Nguyen M, Nandi AK, Bisanzio D, Battle KE, et al. Mapping the global prevalence, incidence, and mortality of <em>Plasmodium falciparum<\/em>, 2000\u201317: a spatial and temporal modelling study. The Lancet. 2019;394:322\u201331.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"5846_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1196","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30386-3","volume":"6","author":"ME Kruk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kruk ME, Gage AD, Arsenault C, Jordan K, Leslie HH, Roder-DeWan S, et al. High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a revolution. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6:e1196\u2013252.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05846-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05846-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05846-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T14:06:28Z","timestamp":1775743588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05846-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5846"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05846-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study analysed secondary, aggregated spatial data and health facility locations. No individual-level health information was used. District-level HbS aggregates were derived from two published national datasets: the Uganda Sickle Surveillance Study (US3) reported by Ndeezi et al., an open-access article distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives licence, and the national newborn screening and genetic epidemiology dataset described by Kiyaga, which is publicly available. The national health facility master and newborn screening hub lists were provided in deidentified form by the Uganda Ministry of Health and Central Public Health Laboratories. Malaria parasite prevalence rasters were obtained from the Malaria Atlas Project under their standard terms of use with appropriate attribution. The protocol for this secondary analysis received ethical approval and a waiver of written informed consent from the Makerere University School of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (Mak-SOMREC-2024\u2013854) and was registered with the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST HS5714ES). The waiver reflected minimal risk and the impracticability of obtaining individual consent for national, retrospective datasets. All procedures followed institutional policies, national regulations and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. The study does not include individual patient data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"153"}}