{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1785898828818,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:07:32Z","timestamp":1779242852000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Community-level barriers and facilitators of indoor residual spraying for malaria control: a systematic review of qualitative evidence from sub-Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ivaan","family":"Pitua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal Mathew","family":"Okorobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Apili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketra Venesa","family":"Nandera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paghiel Grace","family":"Acoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaweesi Calvin","family":"Nantalaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiragga Denis","family":"Lwembawo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim Andrew","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"5937_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104366","volume":"81","author":"HJ Oladipo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oladipo HJ, Tajudeen YA, Oladunjoye IO, Yusuff SI, Yusuf RO, Oluwaseyi EM, et al. Increasing challenges of malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa: priorities for public health research and policymakers. Ann Med Surg. 2022;81:104366.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-025-05492-6","volume":"24","author":"SG Bashir","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bashir SG, Ahmed NI, Abdullahi YB, Abdi YH, Abdi MS, Musa MK. The burden of malaria in East Africa: Prevalence, risk factors, and control strategies. Malar J. 2025;24(1):255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-025-05492-6.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5937_CR3","volume-title":"Global technical strategy for malaria 2016-\u20132030","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global technical strategy for malaria 2016-\u20132030. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015."},{"issue":"6","key":"5937_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22060822","volume":"22","author":"M Ocan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ocan M, Ojiambo KO, Nakalembe L, Kinalwa G, Kinengyere AA, Nsobya S, et al. The effectiveness of indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic protocol review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025;22(6):822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph22060822.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1867-z","volume":"16","author":"LA Messenger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Messenger LA, Rowland M. Insecticide-treated durable wall lining (ITWL): Future prospects for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases. Malar J. 2017;16(1):213.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"16","key":"5937_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2421531122","volume":"122","author":"DS Galick","year":"2025","unstructured":"Galick DS, Motobe Vaz L, Ondo L, Mbulito Iyanga M, Etoho Ebang Bikie F, Mba Nguema Avue R, et al. Reconsidering indoor residual spraying coverage targets: a retrospective analysis of high-resolution programmatic malaria control data. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2025;122(16):e2421531122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2421531122.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"2","key":"5937_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-202661","volume":"68","author":"A Buttenheim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buttenheim A, Paz Soldan V, Barbu C, Skovira C, Calder\u00f3n J, Riveros L, et al. Is participation contagious? Evidence from a household vector control campaign in urban Peru. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2013;68(2):103\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2013-202661.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"5937_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v15i2.13","volume":"15","author":"D Musoke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Musoke D, Karani G, Ssempebwa JC, Etajak S, Guwatudde D, Musoke MB. Knowledge and practices on malaria prevention in two rural communities in Wakiso district, Uganda. Afr Health Sci. 2015;15(2):401\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/ahs.v15i2.13.","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8235-6","volume":"20","author":"DT Jumbam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jumbam DT, Stevenson JC, Matoba J, Grieco JP, Ahern LN, Hamainza B, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices assessment of malaria interventions in rural Zambia. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-020-8235-6.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-220","volume":"11","author":"MR Kaufman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaufman MR, Rweyemamu D, Koenker H, Macha J. \u201cMy children and I will no longer suffer from malaria\u201d: A qualitative study of the acceptance and rejection of indoor residual spraying to prevent malaria in Tanzania. Malar J. 2012;11(1):220.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0659-6","volume":"14","author":"CM Ingabire","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ingabire CM, Rulisa A, Van Kempen L, Muvunyi C, Koenraadt CJM, Van Vugt M, et al. Factors impeding the acceptability and use of malaria preventive measures: implications for malaria elimination in eastern Rwanda. Malar J. 2015;14(1):136.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-181","volume":"12","author":"A Tong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tong A, Flemming K, McInnes E, Oliver S, Craig J. Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012;12(1):181.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5937_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732312452938","volume":"22","author":"A Cooke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cooke A, Smith D, Booth A. Beyond PICO: the SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis. Qual Health Res. 2012;22(10):1435\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732312452938.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/2632084320947559","volume":"1","author":"HA Long","year":"2020","unstructured":"Long HA, French DP, Brooks JM. Optimising the value of the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) tool for quality appraisal in qualitative evidence synthesis. Research Methods in Medicine & Health Sciences. 2020;1(1):31\u201342.","journal-title":"Research Methods in Medicine & Health Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-45","volume":"8","author":"J Thomas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thomas J, Harden A. Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2008;8(1):45.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5937_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.01.020","volume":"70","author":"CM Montgomery","year":"2010","unstructured":"Montgomery CM, Munguambe K, Pool R. Group-based citizenship in the acceptance of indoor residual spraying (IRS) for malaria control in Mozambique. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70(10):1648\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.01.020.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"5937_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-344","volume":"10","author":"K Munguambe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Munguambe K, Pool R, Montgomery C, Bavo C, Nhacolo A, Fiosse L, et al. What drives community adherence to indoor residual spraying (IRS) against malaria in Manhi\u00e7a district, rural Mozambique: a qualitative study. Malar J. 2011;10:344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2875-10-344.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08505-y","volume":"20","author":"VM Suuron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suuron VM, Mwanri L, Tsourtos G, Owusu-Addo E. An exploratory study of the acceptability of indoor residual spraying for malaria control in upper western Ghana. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-020-08505-y.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2624-7","volume":"17","author":"H Wanzira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wanzira H, Naiga S, Mulebeke R, Bukenya F, Nabukenya M, Omoding O, et al. Community facilitators and barriers to a successful implementation of mass drug administration and indoor residual spraying for malaria prevention in Uganda: a qualitative study. Malar J. 2018;17(1):474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-018-2624-7.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5937_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.02.05.26345715","author":"M Ocan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Ocan M, Loyce N, Bayiga J, Kinalwa G, Arinaitwe E, Mawejje H, et al. Community perceptions on effectiveness and safety of indoor residual spraying for malaria control in Uganda. medRxiv. 2026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.02.05.26345715.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2653-x","volume":"18","author":"A Maga\u00e7o","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maga\u00e7o A, Bot\u00e3o C, Nhassengo P, Saide M, Ubisse A, Chicumbe S, et al. Community knowledge and acceptance of indoor residual spraying for malaria prevention in Mozambique: a qualitative study. Malar J. 2019;18(1):27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-019-2653-x.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"3","key":"5937_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.21522\/TIJPH.2013.09.03.Art014","volume":"9","author":"T Elemiya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elemiya T. Factors contributing to community none acceptance for indoor residual spraying (IRS) for malaria prevention in Chipushi area of Mpika, Zambia. Texila Int J Public Health. 2021;9(3):159\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21522\/TIJPH.2013.09.03.Art014.","journal-title":"Texila Int J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5937_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03679-1","volume":"20","author":"KW Roberts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roberts KW, Smith Gueye C, Baltzell K, Ntuku H, McCreesh P, Maglior A, et al. Community acceptance of reactive focal mass drug administration and reactive focal vector control using indoor residual spraying, a mixed-methods study in Zambezi region, Namibia. Malar J. 2021;20(1):162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-021-03679-1.","journal-title":"Malar J"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T01:36:19Z","timestamp":1783906579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5937"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05937-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable. As this study is a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis of previously published literature, it did not involve direct human subjects research and therefore did not require institutional ethics approval or consent to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"260"}}