{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T13:38:12Z","timestamp":1786541892853,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP25K02696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25K02696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23KK0141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23KK0141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T01:45:58Z","timestamp":1780710358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Behavioral factors associated with artemisinin resistance: linking community treatment practices with pfkelch13 mutations in Northern Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Khin Zar Khaing","family":"Thein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Balikagala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Anena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis Arony","family":"Anywar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Odongo","family":"Aginya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Mita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"5976_CR1","first-page":"2025","volume-title":"addressing the threat of antimalarial drug resistance","author":"World malaria report","year":"2025","unstructured":"World malaria report. addressing the threat of antimalarial drug resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. p. 2025."},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR2","volume":"2011","author":"M Nanyunja","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nanyunja M, Nabyonga Orem J, Kato F, Kaggwa M, Katureebe C, Saweka J. Malaria treatment policy change and implementation: the case of Uganda. Malaria Res Treat. 2011;2011(1):683167.","journal-title":"Malaria Res Treat."},{"issue":"4","key":"5976_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003755","volume":"5","author":"R Kusolo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kusolo R, Mutungi GN, Mbuliro M, Kajjura R, Wesonga R, Bahendeka SK, et al. Changes in the prevalence of the common risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Uganda between 2014 and 2023: Informed by nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. PLOS Global Public Health. 2025;5(4):e0003755.","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health."},{"issue":"6","key":"5976_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0305064","volume":"19","author":"MK Angwe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Angwe MK, Mwebaza N, Nsobya SL, Vudriko P, Dralabu S, Omali D, et al. Day 3 parasitemia and Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 mutations among uncomplicated malaria patients treated with artemether-lumefantrine in Adjumani district, Uganda. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(6):e0305064.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"13","key":"5976_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101746","volume":"385","author":"B Balikagala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balikagala B, Fukuda N, Ikeda M, Katuro OT, Tachibana SI, Yamauchi M, et al. Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(13):1163\u201371.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5976_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2404.170141","volume":"24","author":"M Ikeda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ikeda M, Kaneko M, Tachibana SI, Balikagala B, Sakurai-Yatsushiro M, Yatsushiro S, et al. Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum with High Survival Rates, Uganda, 2014\u20132016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(4):718\u201326.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"5976_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa687","volume":"223","author":"V Asua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asua V, Conrad MD, Aydemir O, Duvalsaint M, Legac J, Duarte E, et al. Changing Prevalence of Potential Mediators of Aminoquinoline, Antifolate, and Artemisinin Resistance Across Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2020;223(6):985\u201394.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"5976_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01576-23","volume":"68","author":"R Ogwang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ogwang R, Osoti V, Wamae K, Ndwiga L, Muteru K, Ningwa A, et al. A retrospective analysis of P. falciparum drug resistance markers detects an early (2016\/17) high prevalence of the k13 C469Y mutation in asymptomatic infections in Northern Uganda. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024;68(9):e0157623.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33873-x","volume":"13","author":"PK Tumwebaze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tumwebaze PK, Conrad MD, Okitwi M, Orena S, Byaruhanga O, Katairo T, et al. Decreased susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to both dihydroartemisinin and lumefantrine in northern Uganda. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):6353.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"5976_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae288","volume":"230","author":"S Tukwasibwe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tukwasibwe S, Garg S, Katairo T, Asua V, Kagurusi BA, Mboowa G, et al. Varied prevalence of antimalarial drug resistance markers in different populations of newly arrived refugees in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2024;230(2):497\u2013504.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60549-7","volume":"10","author":"GM Bwire","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bwire GM, Ngasala B, Mikomangwa WP, Kilonzi M, Kamuhabwa AAR. Detection of mutations associated with artemisinin resistance at k13-propeller gene and a near complete return of chloroquine susceptible falciparum malaria in Southeast of Tanzania. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):3500.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"5976_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00142-0","volume":"21","author":"A Uwimana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uwimana A, Umulisa N, Venkatesan M, Svigel SS, Zhou Z, Munyaneza T, et al. Association of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 R561H genotypes with delayed parasite clearance in Rwanda: an open-label, single-arm, multicentre, therapeutic efficacy study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(8):1120\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"5976_CR13","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Strategy to respond to antimalarial drug resistance in Africa. World Health Organization; 2022."},{"issue":"5","key":"5976_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000766","volume":"34","author":"M Dhorda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dhorda M, Amaratunga C, Dondorp AM. Artemisinin and multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum - a threat for malaria control and elimination. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2021;34(5):432\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"5976_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01121-21","volume":"65","author":"M Imwong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Imwong M, Suwannasin K, Srisutham S, Vongpromek R, Promnarate C, Saejeng A, et al. Evolution of multidrug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum: a longitudinal study of genetic resistance markers in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021;65(12):e0112121.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"5976_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2020.102277","volume":"81","author":"N Fukuda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fukuda N, Tachibana SI, Ikeda M, Sakurai-Yatsushiro M, Balikagala B, Katuro OT, et al. Ex vivo susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs in Northern Uganda. Parasitol Int. 2021;81:102277.","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"5976_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-253","volume":"8","author":"NJ White","year":"2009","unstructured":"White NJ, Pongtavornpinyo W, Maude RJ, Saralamba S, Aguas R, Stepniewska K, et al. Hyperparasitaemia and low dosing are an important source of anti-malarial drug resistance. Malar J. 2009;8:253.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"3","key":"5976_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248057","volume":"16","author":"MR Hassett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hassett MR, Roepe PD. In vitro growth competition experiments that suggest consequences of the substandard artemisinin epidemic that may be accelerating drug resistance in P. falciparum malaria. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(3):e0248057.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5976_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2109-3","volume":"15","author":"M Ocan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ocan M, Obuku EA, Bwanga F, Akena D, Richard S, Ogwal-Okeng J, et al. Household antimicrobial self-medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden, risk factors and outcomes in developing countries. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:742.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"5976_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002059","volume":"3","author":"A Takyi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Takyi A, Carrara VI, Dahal P, Przybylska M, Harriss E, Insaidoo G, et al. Characterisation of populations at risk of sub-optimal dosing of artemisinin-based combination therapy in Africa. PLOS Global Public Health. 2023;3(12):e0002059.","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"key":"5976_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140405","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1140405","volume":"11","author":"V Shelus","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shelus V, Mumbere N, Mulogo EM, Barrington C, Baguma E, Muhindo R, et al. Private sector antimalarial sales a decade after \u201ctest and treat\u201d: A cross-sectional study of drug shop clients in rural Uganda. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1140405.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03196-7","volume":"19","author":"SP Kigozi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kigozi SP, Kigozi RN, Epstein A, Mpimbaza A, Sserwanga A, Yeka A, et al. Rapid shifts in the age-specific burden of malaria following successful control interventions in four regions of Uganda. Malar J. 2020;19(1):128.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1778-z","volume":"16","author":"M Maziarz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maziarz M, Kinyera T, Otim I, Kagwa P, Nabalende H, Legason ID, et al. Age and geographic patterns of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in a representative sample of children living in Burkitt lymphoma-endemic areas of northern Uganda. Malar J. 2017;16(1):124.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"11","key":"5976_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12374","volume":"19","author":"J Nankabirwa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nankabirwa J, Brooker SJ, Clarke SE, Fernando D, Gitonga CW, Schellenberg D, et al. Malaria in school-age children in Africa: an increasingly important challenge. Trop Med Int Health. 2014;19(11):1294\u2013309.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"5976_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274656","volume":"17","author":"F Tairou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tairou F, Nawaz S, Tahita MC, Herrera S, Faye B, Tine RCK. Malaria prevention knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among adolescents living in an area of persistent transmission in Senegal: Results from a cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(12):e0274656.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5976_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.105544","author":"AJ Balmer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Balmer AJ, White NFD, \u00dcnl\u00fc ES, Lee C, Pearson RD, Almagro-Garcia J, et al. Understanding the global rise of artemisinin resistance: insights from over 100,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples. Elife. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.105544.","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"5976_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04534-1","author":"R Nyeko","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nyeko R, Otim F, Obiya E, Abala C. Anti-malarial drug use, appropriateness and associated factors among children under-five with febrile illnesses presenting to a tertiary health facility: a cross sectional study. Malar J. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-023-04534-1.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"4","key":"5976_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac169","volume":"226","author":"J Rek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rek J, Blanken SL, Okoth J, Ayo D, Onyige I, Musasizi E, et al. Asymptomatic School-Aged Children Are Important Drivers of Malaria Transmission in a High Endemicity Setting in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2022;226(4):708\u201313.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"5976_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Awor S, Byanyima R, Abola B, Nakimuli A, Orach C, Kiondo P, Okeng JO, Kaye D. Prediction of preterm birth at St. Mary\u2019s Hospital Lacor, Northern Uganda: a prospective cohort study. African Health Sciences. 2024 ; 24(2): 283-92.","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v24i2.31"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR30","first-page":"43","volume":"19","author":"JW Kotrlik","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kotrlik JW, Higgins CC. Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research appropriate sample size in survey research. Inf Technol, Learn, Perform J. 2001;19(1):43.","journal-title":"Inf Technol, Learn, Perform J"},{"key":"5976_CR31","first-page":"2018","volume-title":"Kampala","author":"UBoS IC. Uganda demographic and hea","year":"2016","unstructured":"UBoS IC. Uganda demographic and health survey,. Kampala. Maryland, USA: Uganda and Rockville; 2016. p. 2018."},{"issue":"3","key":"5976_CR32","first-page":"155","volume":"47","author":"AA Adedotun","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adedotun AA, Morenikeji OA, Odaibo AB. Knowledge, attitudes and practices about malaria in an urban community in south-western Nigeria. J Vector Borne Dis. 2010;47(3):155\u20139.","journal-title":"J Vector Borne Dis"},{"key":"5976_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220501","author":"DZ Munisi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Munisi DZ, Nyundo AA, Mpondo BC. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards malaria among symptomatic patients attending Tumbi Referral Hospital: a cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0220501.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5976_CR34","first-page":"685","volume":"8","author":"LF Mwanje","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mwanje LF, Comm B. Knowledge, attitudes and practices on malaria prevention and control in Uganda. Trop Med Int Health. 2013;8:685\u201398.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"5976_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae120","volume":"79","author":"N Fukuda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fukuda N, Yoshida N, Balikagala B, Tsuru I, Ikeda M, Hirai M, et al. Detection of drug-resistant malaria in resource-limited settings: efficient and high-throughput surveillance of artemisinin and partner drug resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2024;79(6):1418\u201322.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"5976_CR36","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Regional stakeholder meeting on the response to antimalarial drug resistance in Africa: meeting report, Kampala, Uganda, 7-8 November 2023. World Health Organization; 2025."},{"issue":"8","key":"5976_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2211803","volume":"389","author":"MD Conrad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Conrad MD, Asua V, Garg S, Giesbrecht D, Niar\u00e9 K, Smith S, et al. Evolution of Partial resistance to artemisinins in Malaria Parasites in Uganda. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(8):722\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"5976_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa650","volume":"223","author":"M Deutsch-Feldman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deutsch-Feldman M, Parr JB, Keeler C, Brazeau NF, Goel V, Emch M, et al. The burden of Malaria in the democratic Republic of the Congo. J Infect Dis. 2021;223(11):1948\u201352.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"5976_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21682","volume":"113","author":"NJ White","year":"2004","unstructured":"White NJ. Antimalarial drug resistance. J Clin Invest. 2004;113(8):1084\u201392.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106508","volume":"91","author":"SL Blanken","year":"2025","unstructured":"Blanken SL, Kilama M, Ramjith J, Musiime AK, Lanke K, Ayo D, et al. Anopheles mosquito exposure is associated with age, gender and bed net use in areas in Uganda experiencing varying malaria transmission intensity. J Infect. 2025;91(1):106508.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4626","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49080-9","volume":"15","author":"CF Markwalter","year":"2024","unstructured":"Markwalter CF, Lapp Z, Abel L, Kimachas E, Omollo E, Freedman E, et al. Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans and mosquitoes influence natural Anopheline biting behavior and transmission. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):4626.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"5976_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00188-22","volume":"66","author":"EM Sarah-Matio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sarah-Matio EM, Guillochon E, Nsango SE, Abate L, Ngou CM, Bouopda GA, et al. Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum and distribution of antimalarial drug resistance mutations in symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022;66(8):e0018822.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2221-9","volume":"17","author":"S Katrak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Katrak S, Nayebare P, Rek J, Arinaitwe E, Nankabirwa JI, Kamya M, et al. Clinical consequences of submicroscopic malaria parasitaemia in Uganda. Malar J. 2018;17(1):67.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5976_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1519-8","volume":"15","author":"J Rek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rek J, Katrak S, Obasi H, Nayebare P, Katureebe A, Kakande E, et al. Characterizing microscopic and submicroscopic malaria parasitaemia at three sites with varied transmission intensity in Uganda. Malar J. 2016;15:470.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5976_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217975","author":"F Habyarimana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Habyarimana F, Ramroop S. Prevalence and risk factors associated with malaria among children aged six months to 14 years old in Rwanda: evidence from 2017 Rwanda Malaria Indicator Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17217975.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.353251","volume":"60","author":"R Kooko","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kooko R, Wafula ST, Orishaba P. Socioeconomic determinants of malaria prevalence among under five children in Uganda: evidence from 2018-19 Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey. J Vector Borne Dis. 2023;60(1):38\u201348.","journal-title":"J Vector Borne Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5976_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-05218-0","volume":"24","author":"B Okongo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Okongo B, Asiimwe D, Olong C, Muwanguzi E, Wagubi R. Prevalence of malaria and associated factors among febrile children under 15\u00a0years at Bududa General Hospital, Eastern Uganda. Malar J. 2025;24(1):38\u201338.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"5976_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5580715","volume":"2021","author":"BT Flatie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Flatie BT, Munshea A. Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards malaria among people attending Mekaneeyesus Primary Hospital, South Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. J Parasitol Res. 2021;2021:5580715.","journal-title":"J Parasitol Res"},{"key":"5976_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.976354","volume":"11","author":"B Ngasala","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ngasala B, Mwaiswelo RO, Chacky F, Molteni F, Mohamed A, Lazaro S, et al. Malaria knowledge, attitude, and practice among communities involved in a seasonal malaria chemoprevention study in Nanyumbu and Masasi districts. Tanzania Front Public Health. 2023;11:976354.","journal-title":"Tanzania Front Public Health"}],"container-title":["Malaria Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T13:06:08Z","timestamp":1786539968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-026-05976-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (HS1395), Lacor Hospital Institutional Research Ethics Committee (Ref: LACOR-2023-186) and Juntendo University (2020127). Informed consent was obtained from adult participants (\u2265\u200918\u00a0years) or from legal guardians of participating children. Additionally, assent was obtained from children aged 7\u201317\u00a0years. In case of participants who could not read and write, thumb prints were obtained along with witnesses\u2019 signatures.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"292"}}