{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:00:03Z","timestamp":1782954003661,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutr J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) adversely affect the prognosis of mother and child, and the prognosis depends on the subtype of HDP. Skipping breakfast may be associated with increased blood pressure due to disruption of the circadian clock, but the association with the development of HDP has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between skipping breakfast and the development of HDP and HDP subtypes in Japanese pregnant women.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 18,839 who answered the required questions were included in the analysis. This study had a cross-sectional design. The breakfast intake frequency from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, 5\u20136 times per week, 3\u20134 times per week, and 0\u20132 times per week. HDP was classified into gestational hypertension (GH), chronic hypertension (CH), preeclampsia (PE), and severe preeclampsia (SuPE). Multiple logistic regression analysis and multinomial logistic analysis were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breakfast intake frequency and development of HDP or HDP subtypes. We performed a stratified analysis based on energy intake.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the participants, 74.3% consumed breakfast daily, and 11.1% developed HDP. Women who consumed breakfast 0\u20132 times per week had a higher risk of HDP (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14\u20131.56), CH (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.21\u20132.19), and PE (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.27\u20132.21) than those who consumed breakfast daily. No association was found between skipping breakfast and the risk of developing GH (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.99\u20131.61) and SuPE (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.55\u20131.49). Stratified analysis showed that the risk of developing HDP due to skipping breakfast was highest in the group with the highest daily energy intake.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Skipping breakfast during pre-to early pregnancy is associated with the development of HDP. Further longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causal association between skipping breakfast and HDP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:03:11Z","timestamp":1668643391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Skipping breakfast during pregnancy and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Japanese women: the Tohoku medical megabank project birth and three-generation cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Misato","family":"Aizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ippei","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomomi","family":"Onuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoi","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumiko","family":"Matsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mami","family":"Ishikuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taku","family":"Obara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Iwama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Sugawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Kuriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"822_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00160","volume":"6","author":"NA Lui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lui NA, Jeyaram G, Henry A. Postpartum interventions to reduce long-term cardiovascular disease risk in women after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019;6:160.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"822_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14383","volume":"46","author":"N Iwama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iwama N, Ishikuro M, Tanaka K, Satoh M, Murakami T, Metoki H. Epidemiological studies regarding hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a review. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2020;46(9):1672\u20137.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000437382.03963.88","volume":"122","author":"JM Roberts","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roberts JM, August PA, Bakris G, Barton JR, Bernstein IM, Druzin M, et al. Hypertension in pregnancy report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' task force on hypertension in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122(5):1122\u201331.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9461","key":"822_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17987-2","volume":"365","author":"B Sibai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sibai B, Dekker G, Kupferminc M. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 2005;365(9461):785\u201399.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxt006","volume":"36","author":"JW Rich-Edwards","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rich-Edwards JW, Fraser A, Lawior DA, Catov JM. Pregnancy characteristics and women's future cardiovascular health: an underused opportunity to improve women's health? Epidemiol Rev. 2014;36(1):57\u201370.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"822_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001425","volume":"10","author":"DS Feig","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feig DS, Shah BR, Lipscombe LL, Wu CF, Ray JG, Lowe J, et al. Preeclampsia as a risk factor for diabetes: a population-based cohort study. PLoS Med. 2013;10(4):e1001425.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"822_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k4109","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4109","volume":"363","author":"S Basit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Basit S, Wohlfahrt J, Boyd HA. Pre-eclampsia and risk of dementia later in life: Nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2018;363:k4109.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"822_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2014.01.003","volume":"4","author":"LA Magee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Magee LA, Pels A, Helewa M, Rey E, von Dadelszen P. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2014;4(2):105\u201345.","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens"},{"key":"822_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0157-7","volume":"12","author":"D Schoenaker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schoenaker D, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Mishra GD. The association between dietary factors and gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Med. 2014;12:157.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"Suppl_7","key":"822_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy216","volume":"109","author":"R Raghavan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raghavan R, Dreibelbis C, Kingshipp BL, Wong YP, Abrams B, Gernand AD, et al. Dietary patterns before and during pregnancy and maternal outcomes: A systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;109(Suppl_7):705S\u201328S.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.102475","volume":"102","author":"D Schoenaker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schoenaker D, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Callaway LK, Mishra GD. Prepregnancy dietary patterns and risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: results from the Australian longitudinal study on Women's health. American J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(1):94\u2013101.","journal-title":"American J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"822_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2020.102551","volume":"54","author":"SH Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li SH, Gan YQ, Chen M, Wang M, Wang XJ, Santos HO, et al. Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) on pregnancy\/neonatal outcomes and maternal glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Complement Ther Med. 2020;54:102551.","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"822_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9948-6","volume":"29","author":"ER Hillesund","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hillesund ER, Overby NC, Engel SM, Klungsoyr K, Harmon QE, Haugen M, et al. Associations of adherence to the new Nordic diet with risk of preeclampsia and preterm delivery in the Norwegian mother and child cohort study (MoBa). Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29:753\u201365.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"822_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9101141","volume":"9","author":"W Khaing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khaing W, Vallibhakara SAO, Tantrakul V, Vallibhakara O, Rattanasiri S, McEvoy M, et al. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation for prevention of preeclampsia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2017;9(10):1141.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"822_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.11.008","volume":"180","author":"K von Websky","year":"2018","unstructured":"von Websky K, Hasan AA, Reichetzeder C, Tsuprykov O, Hocher B. Impact of vitamin D on pregnancy-related disorders and on offspring outcome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Bio. 2018;180:51\u201364.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Bio"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2016.1239734","volume":"36","author":"ZV Yilmaz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yilmaz ZV, Akkas E, Turkmen GG, Kara O, Yucel A, Uygur D. Dietary sodium and potassium intake were associated with hypertension, kidney damage and adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2017;36(1):77\u201383.","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"issue":"2","key":"822_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.5830\/CVJA-2016-021","volume":"27","author":"P Soma-Pillay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soma-Pillay P, Nelson-Piercy C, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A. Physiological changes in pregnancy. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2016;27(2):89\u201394.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J Afr"},{"issue":"3","key":"822_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730419844650","volume":"34","author":"CA Martin-Fairey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martin-Fairey CA, Zhao PN, Wan LP, Roenneberg T, Fay J, Ma XF, et al. Pregnancy induces an earlier chronotype in both mice and women. J Biol Rhythm. 2019;34(3):323\u201331.","journal-title":"J Biol Rhythm"},{"issue":"12","key":"822_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.059","volume":"27","author":"SMT Wehrens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wehrens SMT, Christou S, Isherwood C, Middleton B, Gibbs MA, Archer SN, et al. Meal timing regulates the human circadian system. Curr Biol. 2017;27(12):1768\u201375.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"822_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2010.68","volume":"33","author":"N Takeda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takeda N, Maemura K. Circadian clock and vascular disease. Hypertens Res. 2010;33:645\u201351.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.14519","volume":"78","author":"HM Costello","year":"2021","unstructured":"Costello HM, Gumz ML. Circadian rhythm, clock genes, and hypertension: recent advances in hypertension. Hypertension. 2021;78(5):1185\u201396.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"822_CR22","first-page":"829","volume":"111","author":"JY Dong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dong JY, Ikehara S, Kimura T, Cui MS, Kawanishi Y, Ueda K, et al. Skipping breakfast before and during early pregnancy and incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus: the Japan environment and Children's study. Am J ClinNutr. 2020;111(4):829\u201334.","journal-title":"Am J ClinNutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR23","first-page":"99","volume":"28","author":"M Shiraishi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shiraishi M, Haruna M, Matsuzaki M. Effects of skipping breakfast on dietary intake and circulating and urinary nutrients during pregnancy. Asia Pacific J Clini Nutr. 2019;28(1):99\u2013105.","journal-title":"Asia Pacific J Clini Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"822_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0172896","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172896","volume":"12","author":"L Englund-Ogge","year":"2017","unstructured":"Englund-Ogge L, Birgisdottir BE, Sengpiel V, Brantsaeter AL, Haugen M, Myhre R, et al. Meal frequency patterns and glycemic properties of maternal diet in relation to preterm delivery: results from a large prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2017;12(3):e0172896.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"822_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20150268","volume":"26","author":"S Kuriyama","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuriyama S, Yaegashi N, Nagami F, Arai T, Kawaguchi Y, Osumi N, et al. The Tohoku medical megabank project: design and Mission. J Epidemiol. 2016;26(9):493\u2013511.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz169","volume":"49","author":"S Kuriyama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuriyama S, Metoki H, Kikuya M, Obara T, Ishikuro M, Yamanaka C, et al. Cohort Profile: Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study (TMM BirThree Cohort Study): rationale, progress and perspective. Int J Epidemiol. 2020;49(1):18\u201319m.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"822_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-020-00595-z","volume":"19","author":"Y Yonezawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yonezawa Y, Obara T, Yamashita T, Sugawara J, Ishikuro M, Murakami K, et al. Fruit and vegetable consumption before and during pregnancy and birth weight of new-borns in Japan: the Tohoku medical megabank project birth and three-generation cohort study. Nutr J. 2020;19:80.","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114366","volume":"124","author":"W Willett","year":"1986","unstructured":"Willett W, Stampfer MJ. Total energy-intake - implications for epidemiologic analyses. Am J Epidemiol. 1986;124(1):17\u201327.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"822_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2021.05.020","volume":"25","author":"M Ishikuro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ishikuro M, Murakami K, Yokozeki F, Onuma T, Noda A, Ueno F, et al. Hypertension in pregnancy as a possible factor for child autistic behavior at two years old. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2021;25:88\u201390.","journal-title":"Pregnancy Hypertens"},{"issue":"6","key":"822_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12073","volume":"67","author":"I Okajima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okajima I, Nakajima S, Kobayashi M, Inoue Y. Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Athens insomnia scale. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013;67(6):420\u20135.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2019.12.002","volume":"14","author":"X Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma X, Chen Q, Pu Y, Guo M, Jiang Z, Huang W, et al. Skipping breakfast is associated with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2020;14(1):1\u20138.","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"822_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0316","volume":"36","author":"AO Odegaard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Odegaard AO, Jacobs DR, Steffen LM, Horn LV, Ludwig DS, Pereira MA. Breakfast frequency and development of metabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(10):3100\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"822_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2014.12.044","volume":"140","author":"M Witbracht","year":"2015","unstructured":"Witbracht M, Keim NL, Forester S, Widaman A, Laugero K. Female breakfast skippers display a disrupted cortisol rhythm and elevated blood pressure. Physiol Behav. 2015;140:215\u201321.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"822_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27771","volume":"90","author":"KDK Ahuja","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ahuja KDK, Robertson IK, Ball MJ. Acute effects of food on postprandial blood pressure and measures of arterial stiffness in healthy humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(2):298\u2013303.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"822_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.011350","volume":"47","author":"Y Kubota","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kubota Y, Iso H, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Grp JS. Association of breakfast intake with incident stroke and coronary heart disease: the Japan public health center-based study. Stroke. 2016;47(2):477\u201381.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.015","volume":"161","author":"G Asher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Asher G, Sassone-Corsi P. Time for food: the intimate interplay between nutrition, metabolism, and the circadian clock. Cell. 2015;161(1):84\u201392.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"822_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.010777","volume":"7","author":"JD Johnston","year":"2016","unstructured":"Johnston JD, Ordovas JM, Scheer FA, Turek FW. Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and chrononutrition in rodents and humans. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(2):399\u2013406.","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32835ecc06","volume":"31","author":"S Almoosawi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Almoosawi S, Prynne CJ, Hardy R, Stephen AM. Time-of-day of energy intake: association with hypertension and blood pressure 10 years later in the 1946 British birth cohort. J Hypertens. 2013;31(5):882\u201392.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"822_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4453","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808180106","volume":"106","author":"F Scheer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scheer F, Hilton MF, Mantzoros CS, Shea SA. Adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of circadian misalignment. Proc Natl AcadSci U S A. 2009;106(11):4453\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl AcadSci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0516-1","volume":"18","author":"HA Abu Helwa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abu Helwa HA, Mitaeb AA, Al-Hamshri S, Sweileh WM. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and predictors of its pain intensity among Palestinian female university students. BMC Womens Health. 2018;18(1):18.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"822_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2019.09.004","volume":"33","author":"Z Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu Z, Tang L, Chen L, Kaminga AC, Xu HL. Prevalence and risk factors associated with primary dysmenorrhea among Chinese female university students: a cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(1):15\u201322.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"822_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2010.08.005","volume":"55","author":"T Fujiwara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fujiwara T, Nakata R. Skipping breakfast is associated with reproductive dysfunction in post-adolescent female college students. Appetite. 2010;55(3):714\u20137.","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"11","key":"822_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14431","volume":"46","author":"M Nakayama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakayama M, Ono M, Iizuka T, Kagami K, Fujiwara T, Sekizuka-Kagami N, et al. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with dysmenorrhea in early adulthood: a cohort study. J Obstetr Gynaecol Res. 2020;46(11):2292\u20137.","journal-title":"J Obstetr Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"nzab064","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzab064","volume":"5","author":"T Hosono","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosono T, Ono M, Daikoku T, Mieda M, Nomura S, Kagami K, et al. Time-Restricted feeding regulates circadian rhythm of murine uterine clock. Curr Dev Nutr. 2021;5(5):nzab064.","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051294","volume":"12","author":"T Fujiwara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fujiwara T, Ono M, Mieda M, Yoshikawa H, Nakata R, Daikoku T, et al. Adolescent dietary habit-induced obstetric and gynecologic disease (ADHOGD) as a new hypothesis-possible involvement of clock system. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1294.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"822_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.11.009","volume":"30","author":"JM Roberts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roberts JM, Hubel CA. The two stage model of preeclampsia: variations on the theme. Placenta. 2009;30(Suppl A):S32\u20137.","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"10","key":"822_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.03.038","volume":"22","author":"T Roenneberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roenneberg T, Allebrandt KV, Merrow M, Vetter C. Social jetlag and obesity. Curr Biol. 2012;22(10):939\u201343.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.201","volume":"39","author":"MJ Parsons","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parsons MJ, Moffitt TE, Gregory AM, Goldman-Mellor S, Nolan PM, Poulton R, et al. Social jetlag, obesity and metabolic disorder: investigation in a cohort study. Int J Obes. 2015;39(5):842\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"9","key":"822_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520001804","volume":"124","author":"GM Mathew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mathew GM, Hale L, Chang AM. Social jetlag, eating behaviours and BMI among adolescents in the USA. Br J Nutr. 2020;124(9):979\u201387.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"822_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-022-01261-9","volume":"13","author":"S Furukawa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Furukawa S, Miyake T, Miyaoka H, Matsuura B, Hiasa Y, et al. Observational study on unhealthy eating behavior and the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: the Luseogliflozin Ehime diabetes study. Diabetes Ther. 2022;13(5):1073\u201382.","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"822_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20140186","volume":"25","author":"T Michikawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Michikawa T, Nitta H, Nakayama S, Ono M, Yonemoto J, Tamura K, et al. The Japan environment and Children\u2019s study (JECS): a preliminary report on selected characteristics of approximately 10000 pregnant women recruited during the first year of the study. J Epidemiol. 2015;25(6):452\u20138.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Nutrition Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T06:14:57Z","timestamp":1668752097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nutritionj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12937-022-00822-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The TMM BirThree Cohort Study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (2013-1-103-1). Trained genome medical research coordinators were placed in each clinic, hospital, or community support center to provide information on the TMM BirThree Cohort Study to potential participants and to receive signed informed consent forms from those who agreed to participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"71"}}