{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T23:28:09Z","timestamp":1780442889455,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Eng OnLine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T13:27:05Z","timestamp":1535635625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Lying position classification based on ECG waveform and random forest during sleep in healthy people"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3022-4588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongze","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanghuang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"548_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(97)80040-4","volume":"30","author":"MG Adams","year":"1997","unstructured":"Adams MG, Drew BJ. Body position effects on the ECG: implication for ischemia monitoring. J Electrocardiol. 1997;30(4):285\u201391.","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"548_CR2","first-page":"49","volume":"26","author":"Z Shinar","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shinar Z, Baharav A, Akselrod S. R wave duration as a measure of body position changes during sleep. Comput Cardiol. 1999;26:49\u201352.","journal-title":"Comput Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"548_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02344890","volume":"41","author":"Z Shiner","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shiner Z, Baharav A, Akselrod S. Detection of different recumbent body positions from the electrocardiogram. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2003;41(2):206\u201310.","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"548_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batchvarov V\u00a0N, Bortolan G, Christov I I. Effect of heart rate and body position on the complexity of the QRS and T wave in healthy subjects. In: computers in cardiology. New Jersey: IEEE; 2008. p. 225\u20138.","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2008.4749018"},{"issue":"5","key":"548_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2009.04.006","volume":"42","author":"D Smit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smit D, Cock CCD, Thijs A, et al. Effects of breath-holding position on the QRS amplitudes in the routine electrocardiogram. J Electrocardiol. 2009;42(5):400.","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"548_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2015.10.013","volume":"124","author":"S Khalighi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khalighi S, Sousa T, Santos JM, et al. ISRUC-Sleep: a comprehensive public dataset for sleep researchers. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2016;124:180\u201392.","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"548_CR7","first-page":"541","volume":"31","author":"X Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang X, Yan H, Ren Z, Chen J. Survey of ECG based for human identification. Chin J Sci Instrum. 2010;31:541\u20135.","journal-title":"Chin J Sci Instrum."},{"issue":"5","key":"548_CR8","first-page":"855","volume":"28","author":"J Song","year":"2011","unstructured":"Song J, Yan H, Li L, et al. A squeeze approach for electrocardiogram ST-segment detection based on R-wave and T-wave. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi. 2011;28(5):855\u20139.","journal-title":"Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"548_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman L. Random forests. Mach Learn. 2001;45:5\u201332.","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"548_CR10","unstructured":"Faletra FF, Pandian NG, Ho SY. Location of the heart: body planes and axis. Anat Heart Multislice Comput Tomogr. 2009."},{"issue":"4","key":"548_CR11","first-page":"6931","volume":"2011","author":"A Minchol\u00e9","year":"2011","unstructured":"Minchol\u00e9 A, S\u00f6rnmo L, Laguna P. ECG-based detection of body position changes using a Laplacian noise model. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011;2011(4):6931\u20134.","journal-title":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"issue":"29","key":"548_CR12","first-page":"136","volume":"6","author":"H Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li H, Yao F. The influence of body position change on electrocardiogram. J Med Front. 2016;6(29):136.","journal-title":"J Med Front."},{"key":"548_CR13","unstructured":"Ng J, Sahakian A V, Swiryn S, et al. The effect of body position on P-wave axis. Heart Lung Circ. 2001;28."},{"issue":"9","key":"548_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.2470","volume":"28","author":"K Mase","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mase K, Noguchi T, Tagami M, et al. Compression of the lungs by the heart in supine, side-lying, semi-prone positions. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(9):2470\u20133.","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"548_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9901037","volume":"161","author":"RK Albert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Albert RK, Hubmayr RD. The prone position eliminates compression of the lungs by the heart. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161(5):1660\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"548_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.135.4.815","volume":"135","author":"WS Ball","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ball WS, Wicks JD, Jr MF. Prone-supine change in organ position: CT demonstration. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1980;135(4):815\u201320.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"548_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/sbr.12116","volume":"13","author":"H Kutbay \u00d6z\u00e7elik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kutbay \u00d6z\u00e7elik H, Bayram M, Do\u011fanay E, et al. Effects of body position on sleep architecture and quality in subsyndromal adults without apparent obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2015;13(3):279\u201386.","journal-title":"Sleep Biol Rhythms"},{"issue":"1","key":"548_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/11.1.90","volume":"11","author":"CF George","year":"1988","unstructured":"George CF, Millar TW, Kryger MH. Sleep apnea and body position during sleep. Sleep. 1988;11(1):90\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"548_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda, J, Astrom, M, Laguna P, et al. Detection of body position changes on the surface ECG. In: Computers in cardiology. New Jersey: IEEE; 2003. p. 45\u20138.","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.1999.825902"},{"issue":"6","key":"548_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.812208","volume":"50","author":"J Garc\u00eda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda J, Astr\u00f6m M, Mendive J, et al. ECG-based detection of body position changes in ischemia monitoring. IEEE Trans Bio Med Eng. 2003;50(6):677.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Bio Med Eng"},{"key":"548_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beattie ZT, Hagen CC, Hayes TL. Classification of lying position using load cells under the bed. In: International conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society. New Jersey: IEEE; 2011. p. 474\u20137.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6090068"},{"key":"548_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mlynczak M, Berka M, Niewiadomski W, et al. Body position classification for cardiorespiratory measurement. In: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. New Jersey: IEEE; 2016. p. 3515.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591486"},{"key":"548_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grimm T, Martinez M, Benz A, et al. Sleep position classification from a depth camera using Bed Aligned Maps. In: International conference on pattern recognition. New Jersey: IEEE; 2017. p. 319\u201324.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2016.7899653"}],"container-title":["BioMedical Engineering OnLine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T18:11:01Z","timestamp":1751825461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/biomedical-engineering-online.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12938-018-0548-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-925X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-925X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"116"}}