{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:11:35Z","timestamp":1791882695050,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Equity Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T14:02:40Z","timestamp":1565964160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Risky sexual behaviour and contraceptive use in contexts of displacement: insights from a cross-sectional survey of female adolescent refugees in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8382-3437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Kuumuori","family":"Ganle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris","family":"Amoako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Baatiema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muslim","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1031_CR1","volume-title":"Global Treands: Forced Displacements in 2017","author":"United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees","year":"2018","unstructured":"United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees. Global Treands: Forced Displacements in 2017. Geneva: UNHCR; 2018."},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2307\/2648254","volume":"26","author":"F Girard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Girard F, Waldman W. Ensuring the reproductive rights of refugees and internally displaced persons: legal and policy issues. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2000;26(4):167\u201373.","journal-title":"Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1031_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180600557605","volume":"11","author":"F Degni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Degni F, Koivusilta L, Ojanlatva A. Attitudes towards and perceptions about contraceptive use among married refugee women of Somali descent living in Finland. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2006;11(3):190\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"1031_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/17441690600680002","volume":"1","author":"T McGinn","year":"2007","unstructured":"McGinn T, Allen K. Improving refugees\u2019 reproductive health through literacy in Guinea. Glob Public Health. 2007;1(3):229\u201348.","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1080\/17441690701267048","volume":"2","author":"A Whelan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Whelan A, Blogg J. Halfway people\u2019: Refugee views of reproductive health services. Glob Public Health. 2007;2(4):373\u201394.","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"1031_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2013.838598","volume":"8","author":"L Irani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Irani L, Speizer I, Barrington C. Attitudes, beliefs and norms relating to contraceptive use among young migrant and non-migrant adults in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Glob Public Health. 2013;8(9):1048\u201362.","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"1031_CR7","volume-title":"Documenting knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of Somali refugees and the status of family planning services in UNHCR\u2019s operation in Nairobi, Kenya","author":"Women Refugee Commission (WRC) & UNHCR. Baseline study","year":"2011","unstructured":"Women Refugee Commission (WRC) & UNHCR. Baseline study. Documenting knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of Somali refugees and the status of family planning services in UNHCR\u2019s operation in Nairobi, Kenya. Nairobi: WRC & UNHCR. Women Refugee Commission; 2011."},{"issue":"8","key":"1031_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1080\/07399330802269600","volume":"29","author":"M Furuta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Furuta M, Mori R. Factors affecting women\u2019s health-related behaviours and safe motherhood: a qualitative study from a refugee camp in Eastern Sudan. Healthc Women Int. 2008;29(8):884\u2013905.","journal-title":"Healthc Women Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"1031_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/13552070127742","volume":"9","author":"C Harris","year":"2001","unstructured":"Harris C, Symth I. The reproductive health of refugees: lessons beyond ICPD. Gend Dev. 2001;9(2):10\u201321.","journal-title":"Gend Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.2307\/2648257","volume":"26","author":"V Morrison","year":"2000","unstructured":"Morrison V. Contraceptive need among cambodian refugees in khao phlu camp. Int Fam Plan Perspect. 2000;26(4):188.","journal-title":"Int Fam Plan Perspect"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1031_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"I1","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1505-9-S1-I1","volume":"9","author":"Chynoweth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chynoweth. Advancing reproductive health on the humanitarian agenda: the 2012-2014 global review. Confl Heal. 2015;9(Suppl 1):I1. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1752-1505-9-S1-I1\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Confl Heal"},{"key":"1031_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-14-114","volume":"14","author":"A Amalba","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amalba A, Mogre V, Appiah NAM, Mumuni AW. Awareness , use and associated factors of emergency contraceptive pills among women of reproductive age ( 15\u201349 years ) in Tamale , Ghana. BMC Womens Health. 2014;14:114.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1031_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v6i1.538","volume":"6","author":"WT Nibabe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nibabe WT, Mgutshini T. Emergency contraception amongst female college students \u2013 knowledge, attitude and practice. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2014;6(1):7. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/phcfm.v6i1.538\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1031_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1363\/3901307","volume":"39","author":"Jean Shoveller","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shoveller J, Chabot C, Soon JA, Levine M. Identifying Barriers to Emergency Contraception Use Among Young Women from Various Sociocultural Groups in British Columbia, Canada. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2007;39:13\u201320. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1363\/3901307\n                    \n                  . Accessed 10 Sept 2015.","journal-title":"Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR15","first-page":"235","volume":"59","author":"I Farhana","year":"2009","unstructured":"Farhana I, Karim SI, Ali S, Ali SA. Knowledge of emergency contraception among women of childbearing age at a teaching hospital of Karachi. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009;59(4):235\u201340.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1031_CR16","first-page":"102","volume":"18","author":"G Marrone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marrone G, Abdul-Rahman L, De Coninck Z, Johansson A. Predictors of contraceptive use among female adolescents in Ghana. Afr J Reprod Health. 2014;18(1):102\u20139.","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.2307\/2991880","volume":"25","author":"L Galvao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Galvao L, Diaz J, Diaz M, et al. Emergency Contraception: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Brazilian Obstetrician-Gynecologists. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2015;25(4):168\u201371.","journal-title":"Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR18","first-page":"17","volume":"14","author":"K Okanlawon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Okanlawon K, Reeves M, Agbaje FO. Contraceptive use: knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of refugee youths in Oru Refugee Camp, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health. 2010;14(4):17\u201326.","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1031_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.04.019","volume":"123","author":"Elizabeth Westley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Westley E, Kapp N, Palermo T, Bleck J. A review of global access to emergency contraception. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2013. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.04.019\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"},{"key":"1031_CR20","first-page":"2015","volume-title":"Rockville, Maryland, USA","author":"Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Ghana Health Service (GHS), and ICF International. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Ghana Health Service (GHS), and ICF International. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Rockville, Maryland, USA. GSS: GHS, and ICF International; 2014. p. 2015."},{"key":"1031_CR21","unstructured":"United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees. Ghana Factsheet: July-August 2016. Accessed on 8, October, 2017 at \n                    http:\/\/unhcr-ghana.org\/\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"1031_CR22","volume-title":"Reproductive Health and Repatriation of Refugee Women in Africa: A Case of Liberian Refugee Women on Buduburam Camp. MA Thesis","author":"DC Dauda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dauda DC. Reproductive Health and Repatriation of Refugee Women in Africa: A Case of Liberian Refugee Women on Buduburam Camp. MA Thesis, 2012. Retrieved on 25th Oct, 2016 at: \n                    http:\/\/www.escholarship.org\/help_copyright.html#reuse\n                    \n                  ."},{"key":"1031_CR23","volume-title":"Sampling Techniques","author":"WG Cochran","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cochran WG. Sampling Techniques. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1977.","edition":"3"},{"key":"1031_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.4dfb.8dfd","volume":"2","author":"M Tavakol","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tavakol M, Dennick R. Making sense of Cronbach\u2019s Alpha. Int J Med Educ. 2011;2:53\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Med Educ"},{"key":"1031_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-817","volume":"12","author":"L Rijsdijk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rijsdijk L, Bos ERA, Lie R, et al. Correlates of delayed sexual intercourse and Condom use among adolescents in Uganda: a cross\u2013sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:817.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"1031_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eliason S, Awoonor-Williams JK, Eliason C, et al. Determinants of modern family planning useamong women of reproductive age in the Nkwanta district of Ghana: a case\u2013control study. Reprod Health. 2014. \n                    http:\/\/www.reproductive-health-journal.com\/content\/11\/1\/65\n                    \n                  . \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-4755-11-65\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-11-65"},{"key":"1031_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2016.23.74.8688","volume":"23","author":"OA Babatunde","year":"2016","unstructured":"Babatunde OA, Ibirongbe DO, Omede O, et al. Knowledge and use of emergency contraception among students of public secondary schools in Ilorin, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2016;23:74. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2016.23.74.8688\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1031_CR28","first-page":"158","volume":"47","author":"EM Der","year":"2013","unstructured":"Der EM, Moyer C, Gyasi RK, et al. Pregnancy related causes of deaths: a 5-year retrospective study. Ghana Med J. 2013;47(4):158\u201364.","journal-title":"Ghana Med J"},{"key":"1031_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-015-0221-2.","volume":"15","author":"SH Nyarko","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nyarko SH. Prevalence and correlates of contraceptive use among female adolescents in Ghana. BMC Womens Health. 2015;15:60. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-015-0221-2.","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"}],"container-title":["International Journal for Equity in Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T23:09:23Z","timestamp":1597446563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1031-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-9276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-9276","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors have contributed to this work and have consented for its publication.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"127"}}