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We aimed to investigate the potential mediating effect of psychosocial factors on socioeconomic inequalities in mortality.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We used data from a prospective population-based cohort (the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project; baseline recruitment in 2005\u20132007), in Sydney, Australia. The main outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Socioeconomic status (SES; educational attainment, occupational position, source of income, housing tenure, and a cumulative SES score) was assessed at baseline. Measures of structural and functional social support, as well as depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed three times during follow-ups. Associations were quantified using Cox regression. Mediation was calculated using \u201cchange-in-estimate method\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>1522 men (mean age at baseline: 77\u00b74\u2009\u00b1\u20095\u00b75\u2009years) were included in the analyses with a mean (SD) follow-up time of 9\u00b70 (3\u00b76) years for all-cause and 8\u00b70 (2\u00b78) years for cause-specific mortality. At baseline, psychosocial measures displayed marked social patterning. Being unmarried, living alone, low social interactions, and elevated depressive symptoms were associated with higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Psychosocial factors explained 35% of SES inequalities in all-cause mortality, 29% in CVD mortality, 12% in cancer mortality, and 39% in non-CVD, non-cancer mortality.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Psychosocial factors may account for up to one-third of SES inequalities in deaths from all and specific causes (except cancer mortality). Our findings suggest that interventional studies targeting social relationships and\/or psychological distress in older men aiming to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-020-01277-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T09:05:57Z","timestamp":1602061557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Contribution of psychosocial factors to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among older Australian men: a population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8437-1906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saman","family":"Khalatbari-Soltani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Stanaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Cvejic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona M.","family":"Blyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasi","family":"Naganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Handelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Le Couteur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus J.","family":"Seibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise M.","family":"Waite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Cumming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1277_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.6.520","volume":"155","author":"SS Bassuk","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bassuk SS, Berkman LF, Amick BC 3rd. 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