{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:02:38Z","timestamp":1787896958321,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Equity Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T05:16:56Z","timestamp":1740979016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Structural conditions, social networks, and the HIV vulnerability among Indonesian male labour migrants and motorbike taxi drivers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Paul Russell","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelsensius Klau","family":"Fauk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2420_CR1","first-page":"9788578110796","volume-title":"Laporan situasi Perkembangan HIV\/AIDS Dan PIMS Triwulan IV Tahun 2022","author":"RI Kementerian Kesehatan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan situasi Perkembangan HIV\/AIDS Dan PIMS Triwulan IV Tahun 2022. Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2023. p. 9788578110796. Report No."},{"key":"2420_CR2","volume-title":"Risk factors and the impact of HIV among women living with HIV and their families in Yogyakarta and Belu district, Indonesia","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fauk NK. Risk factors and the impact of HIV among women living with HIV and their families in Yogyakarta and Belu district, Indonesia. Australia: Flinders University; 2022."},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215824401351892","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244013518924","volume":"4","author":"S Blogg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Blogg S, Utomo B, Silitonga N, Ayu N, Hidayati D, Sattler G. Indonesian National inmate Bio-Behavioral survey for HIV and syphilis prevalence and risk behaviors in prisons and detention centers, 2010. Sage Open. 2014;4(1):2158244013518924.","journal-title":"Sage Open"},{"key":"2420_CR4","unstructured":"Sudewo A. Understanding HIV risk and engagement with harm reduction and HIV services: the lived experiences of women and men who inject drugs in Jakarta, Indonesia (Doctoral dissertation). Sydney, Australia: UNSW. Available at: https:\/\/unsworks.unsw.edu.au\/entities\/publication\/1caa99ae-556d-42d3-810b-eb4163b17d69; 2022."},{"issue":"11","key":"2420_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0257906","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257906","volume":"16","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Ward PR, Hawke K, Mwanri L. Cultural and religious determinants of HIV transmission: A qualitative study with people living with HIV in Belu and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(11):e0257906.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"2420_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0275390","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275390","volume":"17","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Gesesew HA, Mwanri L, Hawke K, Ward PR. HIV-related challenges and women\u2019s self-response: A qualitative study with women living with HIV in Indonesia. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(10):e0275390.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"2420_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5424","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18105424","volume":"18","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Hawke K, Mwanri L, Ward PR. Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV in the context of families, communities, and healthcare settings: A qualitative study in Indonesia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5424.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2420_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.625787","volume":"8","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Ward PR, Hawke K, Mwanr L. HIV stigma and discrimination: perspectives and personal experiences of healthcare providers in Yogyakarta and Belu, Indonesia. Front Med. 2021;8:625.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0264462","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264462","volume":"17","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Mwanri L, Hawke K, Ward PR. Traditional human immunodeficiency virus treatment and family and social influence as barriers to accessing HIV care services in Belu, Indonesia. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(7):e0264462.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00065-4","volume":"51","author":"LF Berkman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berkman LF, Glass T, Brissette I, Seeman TE. From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(6):843\u201357.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2420_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S361","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2007001500004","volume":"23","author":"AR P\u00e9riss\u00e9","year":"2007","unstructured":"P\u00e9riss\u00e9 AR, Costa Nery JA. The relevance of social network analysis on the epidemiology and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Cadernos De Saude Publica. 2007;23(Suppl 3):S361\u20139.","journal-title":"Cadernos De Saude Publica"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-013-0194-4","volume":"11","author":"YA Amirkhanian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amirkhanian YA. Social networks, sexual networks and HIV risk in men who have sex with men. Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep. 2014;11(1):81\u201392.","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0178736","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178736","volume":"12","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Merry MS, Sigilipoe MA, Putra S, Mwanri L. Culture, social networks and HIV vulnerability among men who have sex with men in Indonesia. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(6):e0178736.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2420_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6ze N, Sayan M, editors. Social Network Dynamics in Transmission of HIV by Sexual Contact. 5th Interenational Conference on Gender Research; 2022 28\u201329 April; Portugal: University of Aveiro.","DOI":"10.34190\/icgr.5.1.81"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.16.1.19.27721","volume":"16","author":"KH Choi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Choi KH, Gibson DR, Han L, Guo Y. High levels of unprotected sex with men and women among men who have sex with men: a potential Bridge of HIV transmission in Beijing, China. AIDS Educ Prevention: Official Publication Int Soc AIDS Educ. 2004;16(1):19\u201330.","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prevention: Official Publication Int Soc AIDS Educ"},{"issue":"8","key":"2420_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v9n8p47","volume":"9","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Crutzen R, Merry MS, Putra S, Sigilipoe MA, Mwanri L. Exploring determinants of unprotected sexual behaviours favouring HIV transmission among men who have sex with men in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Global J Health Sci. 2017;9(8):47\u201356.","journal-title":"Global J Health Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.010355","volume":"80","author":"AM Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith AM, Grierson J, Wain D, Pitts M, Pattison P. Associations between the sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men and the structure and composition of their social networks. Sex Transm Infect. 2004;80(6):455\u20138.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2420_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cepeda JA, Solomon SS, Srikrishnan AK, McFall AM, Kumar MS, Vasudevan CK et al. Injection Drug Network Characteristics Are Important Markers of HIV Risk Behavior and Lack of Viral Suppression. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2017;75(3):257\u2013\u200964.","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001372"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01431.x","volume":"101","author":"EC Costenbader","year":"2006","unstructured":"Costenbader EC, Astone NM, Latkin CA. The dynamics of injection drug users\u2019 personal networks and HIV risk behaviors. Addiction (Abingdon England). 2006;101(7):1003\u201313.","journal-title":"Addiction (Abingdon England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2420_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9576-4","volume":"14","author":"CA Latkin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Latkin CA, Kuramoto SJ, Davey-Rothwell MA, Tobin KE. Social norms, social networks, and HIV risk behavior among injection drug users. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(5):1159\u201368.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"7","key":"2420_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0371-2","volume":"17","author":"AM Young","year":"2013","unstructured":"Young AM, Jonas AB, Mullins UL, Halgin DS, Havens JR. Network structure and the risk for HIV transmission among rural drug users. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(7):2341\u201351.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-010-9513-x","volume":"88","author":"RC Neblett","year":"2011","unstructured":"Neblett RC, Davey-Rothwell M, Chander G, Latkin CA. Social network characteristics and HIV sexual risk behavior among urban African American women. J Urban Health: Bull New York Acad Med. 2011;88(1):54\u201365.","journal-title":"J Urban Health: Bull New York Acad Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2420_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000258132.06764.a1","volume":"34","author":"R Rothenberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rothenberg R, Dan My Hoang T, Muth SQ, Crosby R. The Atlanta urban adolescent network study: a network view of STD prevalence. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34(8):525\u201331.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5944-1","volume":"18","author":"ZJ Shushtari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shushtari ZJ, Hosseini SA, Sajjadi H, Salimi Y, Latkin C, Snijders TAB. Social network and HIV risk behaviors in female sex workers: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1020.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-832","volume":"14","author":"PP Januraga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Januraga PP, Mooney-Somers J, Ward PR. Newcomers in a hazardous environment: a qualitative inquiry into sex worker vulnerability to HIV in Bali, Indonesia. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):832.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"2420_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3500","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2120-7","volume":"22","author":"M Felsher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Felsher M, Koku E, Explaining. HIV risk multiplexity: A social network analysis. AIDS Behav. 2018;22(11):3500\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404090-00013","volume":"18","author":"M Alary","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alary M, Lowndes CM. The central role of clients of female sex workers in the dynamics of heterosexual HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2004;18(6):945\u20137.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200007000-00005","volume":"27","author":"SO Aral","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aral SO. Behavioral aspects of sexually transmitted diseases: core groups and Bridge populations. Sex Transm Dis. 2000;27(6):327\u20138.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2420_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31825693f2","volume":"60","author":"TL Patterson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patterson TL, Volkmann T, Gallardo M, Goldenberg S, Lozada R, Semple SJ, et al. Identifying the HIV transmission Bridge: which men are having unsafe sex with female sex workers and with their own wives or steady partners? J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;60(4):414\u201320.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"2420_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.08.019","volume":"125","author":"JM Perkins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Perkins JM, Subramanian SV, Christakis NA. Social networks and health: a systematic review of sociocentric network studies in low- and middle-income countries. Soc Sci Med. 2015;125:60\u201378.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2420_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9590-6","volume":"5","author":"G Morineau","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morineau G, Nugrahini N, Riono P, Nurhayati, Girault P, Mustikawati DE, et al. Sexual risk taking, STI and HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in six Indonesian cities. AIDS Behav. 2011;5:1033\u201344.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"2420_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.007500","volume":"80","author":"E Pisani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pisani E, Girault P, Gultom M, Sukartini N, Kumalawati J, Jazan S, et al. HIV, syphilis infection, and sexual practices among transgenders, male sex workers, and other men who have sex with men in Jakarta, Indonesia. Sex Transm Infect. 2004;80:536\u201340.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2420_CR33","unstructured":"Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Situasi Perkembangan HIV\/AIDS dan PIMS di Indonesia, Triwulan I1 Tahun 2021. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kementerina Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Available at: https:\/\/siha.kemkes.go.id\/portal\/perkembangan-kasus-hiv-aids_pims#. (Accessed on 31 May 2022); 2021."},{"key":"2420_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Santoso D, Asfia SKBM, Mello MB, Baggaley RC, Johnson CC, Chow EPF, et al. HIV prevalence ratio of international migrants compared to their native-born counterparts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. eClinicalMedicine. 2022;53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101661"},{"issue":"6","key":"2420_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0183-4","volume":"16","author":"SM Weine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weine SM, Kashuba AB. Labor migration and HIV risk: a systematic review of the literature. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(6):1605\u201321.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06903-0","volume":"21","author":"A Karimi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Karimi A, Ghanei Gheshlagh R, Afkhamzadeh A, Faraji O, Rahmani K. Prevalence of HIV infection and high-risk behaviors in truck and bus drivers in Kurdistan Province. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):1198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-021-06903-0.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2420_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mutie C, Otieno B, Mwangi E, Kawira R, Mutisya A, Gachohi J et al. The global burden of HIV among Long-distance truck drivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. MedRxiv. 2023:2023.12.18.23300177.","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.12.18.23300177"},{"key":"2420_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pescosolido BA. The Sociology of Social Networks. In: Bryant CD, Peck DI, editors. 21st Century Sociology. USA: Sage Publication. Available at: https:\/\/edge.sagepub.com\/system\/files\/Ballantine5e_5.1SK_0.pdf; 2007. pp. 208\u2013\u200917.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412939645.n20"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00890691","volume":"7","author":"BJ Hirsch","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hirsch BJ. Psychological dimensions of social networks: A multimethod analysis. Am J Community Psychol. 1979;7(3):263\u201377.","journal-title":"Am J Community Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2420_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.48.4.981","volume":"48","author":"JP Stokes","year":"1985","unstructured":"Stokes JP. The relation of social network and individual difference variables to loneliness. J Personal Soc Psychol. 1985;48(4):981\u201390.","journal-title":"J Personal Soc Psychol"},{"key":"2420_CR41","first-page":"1186","volume-title":"Monitoring the AIDS epidemic in the united States: a network approach","author":"EO Laumann","year":"1989","unstructured":"Laumann EO, Gagnon JH, Michaels S, Michael RT, Coleman JS. Monitoring the AIDS epidemic in the united States: a network approach. Volume 244. New York, NY: Science; 1989. pp. 1186\u20139. 4909."},{"key":"2420_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marsden PV, Friedkin NE. Network studies of social influence. Advances in social network analysis: Research in the social and behavioral sciences. Sage focus editions, Vol. 171. Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc; 1994. pp. 3\u201325.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452243528.n1"},{"key":"2420_CR43","volume-title":"Theory in qualitative research: traditions and innovations in qualitative research. qualitative research.Method: A health focus","author":"D Ezzy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ezzy D, Rice PL. Theory in qualitative research: traditions and innovations in qualitative research. qualitative research.Method: A health focus. Melbourne: Oxford University Press; 2005."},{"key":"2420_CR44","first-page":"173","volume-title":"Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research","author":"J Ritchie","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ritchie J, Spencer L. In: Bryman A, Burgess RG, editors. Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. London: Routledge; 1994. pp. 173\u201394."},{"key":"2420_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/1468794104044430","volume":"4","author":"B Temple","year":"2004","unstructured":"Temple B, Young A. Qualitative research and translation dilemmas. Qualitative Res. 2004;4:161\u201378.","journal-title":"Qualitative Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/160940691000900103","volume":"9","author":"K Regmi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Regmi K, Naidoo J, Pilkington P. Understanding the processes of translation and transliteration in qualitative research. Int J Qualitative Methods. 2010;9(1):15\u201326.","journal-title":"Int J Qualitative Methods"},{"issue":"11","key":"2420_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207647","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207647","volume":"13","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Kustanti CY, Wulandari R, Damayani AD, Mwanri L. Societal determinants of HIV vulnerability among clients of female commercial sex workers in Indonesia. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(11):e0207647.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1108\/IJHRH-10-2014-0028","volume":"8","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Mwanri L. Inequalities in addressing the HIV epidemic: the story of the Indonesian Ojek community. Int J Hum Rights Healthc. 2015;8(3):144\u201359.","journal-title":"Int J Hum Rights Healthc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR49","first-page":"291","volume":"3","author":"NK Fauk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Mwanri L. Economic and environmental determinants of Ojek\u2019s susceptibility to HIV infection. Int J Pharma Bio Sci. 2014;3(1):291\u2013300.","journal-title":"Int J Pharma Bio Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2420_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014707","volume":"28","author":"C Latkin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Latkin C, Donnell D, Celentano DD, Aramrattna A, Liu TY, Vongchak T, et al. Relationships between social norms, social network characteristics, and HIV risk behaviors in Thailand and the united States. Health Psychology: Official J Div Health Psychol Am Psychol Association. 2009;28(3):323\u20139.","journal-title":"Health Psychology: Official J Div Health Psychol Am Psychol Association"},{"key":"2420_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fauk NK, Merry MS, Siri TA, Mwanri L, Ward PR. Structural, personal and socioenvironmental determinants of HIV transmission among transgender women in Indonesia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(11). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18115814","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115814"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR52","first-page":"212","volume":"39","author":"DM Carpenter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carpenter DM, Zule WA, Hennessy CM, Evon DM, Hurt CB, Ostrach B. Factors associated with perceived ease of access to syringes in Appalachian North Carolina. JRural Health. 2023;39(1):212\u201322.","journal-title":"JRural Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2420_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3109\/16066359.2015.1068301","volume":"24","author":"KT Phillips","year":"2016","unstructured":"Phillips KT. Barriers to practicing risk reduction strategies among people who inject drugs. Addict Res Theory. 2016;24(1):62\u20138.","journal-title":"Addict Res Theory"},{"issue":"2","key":"2420_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-3959(02)00008-7","volume":"13","author":"E Wood","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wood E, Tyndall MW, Spittal PM, Li K, Hogg RS, O\u2019Shaughnessy MV, et al. Needle exchange and difficulty with needle access during an ongoing HIV epidemic. Int J Drug Policy. 2002;13(2):95\u2013102.","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"11","key":"2420_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2010.07.003","volume":"124","author":"T Roy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Roy T, Anderson C, Evans C, Rahman MS. Sexual risk behaviour of rural-to-urban migrant taxi drivers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional behavioural survey. Public Health. 2010;124(11):648\u201358.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2420_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1080\/13691050110143356","volume":"4","author":"I Wolffers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wolffers I, Fernandez I, Verghis S, Vink M. Sexual behaviour and vulnerability of migrant workers for HIV infection. Cult Health Sex. 2002;4(4):459\u201373.","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"issue":"5","key":"2420_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-020-00524-z","volume":"17","author":"J Pagkas-Bather","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pagkas-Bather J, Young LE, Chen YT, Schneider JA. Social network interventions for HIV transmission elimination. Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep. 2020;17(5):450\u20137.","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2420_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1413-y","volume":"21","author":"D Ghosh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghosh D, Krishnan A, Gibson B, Brown SE, Latkin CA, Altice FL. Social network strategies to address HIV prevention and treatment continuum of care among At-risk and HIV-infected substance users: A systematic scoping review. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(4):1183\u2013207.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"}],"container-title":["International Journal for Equity in Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T17:03:24Z","timestamp":1741021404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12939-025-02420-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-9276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-9276","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Flinders University (No. 8286, 27 March 2019) and Duta Wacana Christian University (No. 1005\/C.16\/FK\/2019, 26 June 2019). Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors give consent for the publication of the findings of this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"61"}}