{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:29:13Z","timestamp":1791361753920,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 ES12243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 ES12243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR000153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR000153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"South Coast Air Quality Management District","award":["BPG-55175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BPG-55175"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T12:20:57Z","timestamp":1469535657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Associations between microvascular function and short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and particulate matter oxidative potential"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Staimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Tjoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel L.","family":"Gillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Schauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin M.","family":"Shafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Hasheminassab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payam","family":"Pakbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Longhurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantinos","family":"Sioutas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph J.","family":"Delfino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"157_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1","volume":"121","author":"RD Brook","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope III CA, Brook JR, Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, et al. Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121:2331\u201378.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"157_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.064337","volume":"127","author":"DR Gold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gold DR, Mittleman MA. New insights into pollution and the cardiovascular system 2010 to 2012. Circulation. 2013;127:1903\u201313.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"157_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130237","volume":"54","author":"RD Brook","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brook RD, Urch B, Dvonch JT, Bard RL, Speck M, Keeler G, et al. Insights into the mechanisms and mediators of the effects of air pollution exposure on blood pressure and vascular function in healthy humans. Hypertension. 2009;54:659\u201367.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"157_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.2217\/fca.12.43","volume":"8","author":"MR Miller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller MR, Shaw CA, Langrish JP. From particles to patients: oxidative stress and the cardiovascular effects of air pollution. Future Cardiol. 2012;8:577\u2013602.","journal-title":"Future Cardiol"},{"key":"157_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq010","volume":"31","author":"R Rubinshtein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rubinshtein R, Kuvin JT, Soffler M, Lennon RJ, Lavi S, Nelson RE, et al. Assessment of endothelial function by non-invasive peripheral arterial tonometry predicts late cardiovascular adverse events. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:1142\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"157_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000426","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000426","volume":"2","author":"Y Matsuzawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsuzawa Y, Sugiyama S, Sumida H, Sugamura K, Nozaki T, Ohba K, et al. Peripheral endothelial function and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013;2:e000426.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"157_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu161","volume":"180","author":"PL Ljungman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ljungman PL, Wilker EH, Rice MB, Schwartz J, Gold DR, Koutrakis P, et al. Short-term exposure to air pollution and digital vascular function. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;180:482\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"157_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205721","volume":"121","author":"T Louwies","year":"2013","unstructured":"Louwies T, Panis LI, Kicinski M, De Boever P, Nawrot TS. Retinal microvascular responses to short-term changes in particulate air pollution in healthy adults. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121:1011\u20136.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-014-0070-4","volume":"11","author":"S Weichenthal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weichenthal S, Hatzopoulou M, Goldberg MS. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution during physical activity and acute changes in blood pressure, autonomic and micro-vascular function in women: a cross-over study. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2014;11:70.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"157_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7938","volume":"113","author":"RJ Delfino","year":"2005","unstructured":"Delfino RJ, Sioutas C, Malik S. Potential role of ultrafine particles in associations between airborne particle mass and cardiovascular health. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113:934\u201346.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.164970","volume":"102","author":"JA Araujo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Araujo JA, Barajas B, Kleinman M, Wang X, Bennett BJ, Gong KW, et al. Ambient particulate pollutants in the ultrafine range promote early atherosclerosis and systemic oxidative stress. Circ Res. 2008;102:589\u201396.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"157_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.09.133","volume":"541","author":"F Shirmohammadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shirmohammadi F, Hasheminassab S, Saffari A, Schauer JJ, Delfino RJ, Sioutas C. Fine and ultrafine particulate organic carbon in the Los Angeles basin: trends in sources and composition. Sci Total Environ. 2015;541:1083\u201396.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"157_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EM00364D","volume":"17","author":"F Shirmohammadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shirmohammadi F, Hasheminassab S, Wang D, Saffari A, Schauer JJ, Shafer MM, et al. Oxidative potential of coarse particulate matter (PM) and its relation to water solubility and sources of trace elements and metals in the Los Angeles Basin. Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2015;17:2110\u201321.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},{"key":"157_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7939","volume":"113","author":"C Sioutas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sioutas C, Delfino RJ, Singh M. Exposure assessment for atmospheric ultrafine particles (UFPs) and implications in epidemiologic research. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113:947\u201355.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR15","first-page":"2167","volume":"44","author":"AL Axtell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Axtell AL, Gomari FA, Cooke JP. Assessing endothelial vasodilator function with the Endo-PAT 2000. J Vis Exp. 2010;44:2167.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"157_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/MBP.0b013e328339d516","volume":"15","author":"T Mengden","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mengden T, Asmar R, Kandra A, Di Giovanni R, Brudi P, Parati G. Use of automated blood pressure measurements in clinical trials and registration studies: data from the VALTOP Study. Blood Press Monit. 2010;15:188\u201394.","journal-title":"Blood Press Monit"},{"key":"157_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/02786829608965393","volume":"25","author":"ME Birch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Birch ME, Cary RA. Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust. Aerosol Sci Tech. 1996;25:221\u201341.","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci Tech"},{"key":"157_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-8-1249-2008","volume":"8","author":"EA Stone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stone EA, Snyder DC, Sheesley RJ, Sullivan AP, Weber RJ, Schauer JJ. Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO experiment 2006. Atmos Chem Phys. 2008;8:1249\u201359.","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"157_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1080\/02786820802363819","volume":"42","author":"AP Landreman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Landreman AP, Shafer MM, Hemming JC, Hannigan MP, Schauer JJ. A macrophage-based method for the assessment of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and application to routine (daily-24\u00a0h) aerosol monitoring studies. Aerosol Sci Tech. 2008;42:946\u201357.","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci Tech"},{"key":"157_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6000","volume":"111","author":"N Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li N, Sioutas C, Cho A, Schmitz D, Misra C, Sempf J, et al. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111:455\u201360.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.12.008","volume":"109","author":"M Shinyashiki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shinyashiki M, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Schmitz DA, Di Stefano E, Li N, Linak WP, et al. Electrophilic and redox properties of diesel exhaust particles. Environ Res. 2009;109:239\u201344.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"157_CR22","unstructured":"Ogawa & Company, U., Inc. NO, NO2, NOx and SO2 Sampling Protocol Using The Ogawa Sampler. 2006. http:\/\/ogawausa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/prono-noxno2so206.pdf . Accessed 22 Jan. 2015."},{"key":"157_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206273","volume":"121","author":"GB Anderson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anderson GB, Bell ML, Peng RD. Methods to calculate the heat index as an exposure metric in environmental health research. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121:1111\u20139.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.068197","volume":"561","author":"DJ Green","year":"2004","unstructured":"Green DJ, Maiorana A, O\u2019Driscoll G, Taylor R. Effect of exercise training on endothelium-derived nitric oxide function in humans. J Physiol. 2004;561:1\u201325.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"157_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01610-1","volume":"88","author":"N Gokce","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gokce N, Duffy SJ, Hunter LM, Keaney JF, Vita JA. Acute hypertriglyceridemia is associated with peripheral vasodilation and increased basal plow in healthy young adults. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:153\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"157_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1977.10489493","volume":"19","author":"RD Cook","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cook RD. Detection of influential observation in linear-regression. Technometrics. 1977;19:15\u20138.","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"key":"157_CR27","unstructured":"Itamar Medical I. EndoPAT\u2122 2000 Device User Manual. 2015. http:\/\/www.itamar-medical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/OM1695214.pdf . Accessed 26 Feb. 2016."},{"key":"157_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.1016\/1352-2310(96)00085-4","volume":"30","author":"JJ Schauer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schauer JJ, Rogge WF, Hildemann LM, Mazurek MA, Cass GR, Simoneit BRT. Source apportionment of airborne particulate matter using organic compounds as tracers. Atmos Environ. 1996;30:3837\u201355.","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"157_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3930","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.588962","volume":"112","author":"NL Mills","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mills NL, Tornqvist H, Robinson SD, Gonzalez M, Darnley K, MacNee W, et al. Diesel exhaust inhalation causes vascular dysfunction and impaired endogenous fibrinolysis. Circulation. 2005;112:3930\u20136.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"157_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200606-872OC","volume":"176","author":"H Tornqvist","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tornqvist H, Mills NL, Gonzalez M, Miller MR, Robinson SD, Megson IL, et al. Persistent endothelial dysfunction in humans after diesel exhaust inhalation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176:395\u2013400.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"157_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1021\/es981312t","volume":"34","author":"JJ Schauer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schauer JJ, Cass GR. Source apportionment of wintertime gas-phase and particle-phase air pollutants using organic compounds as tracers. Environ Sci Technol. 2000;34:1821\u201332.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"157_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1039\/C2EM30615H","volume":"15","author":"N Daher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daher N, Hasheminassab S, Shafer MM, Schauer JJ, Sioutas C. Seasonal and spatial variability in chemical composition and mass closure of ambient ultrafine particles in the megacity of Los Angeles. Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2013;15:283\u201395.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},{"key":"157_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.09.022","volume":"120","author":"A Saffari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saffari A, Hasheminassab S, Wang DB, Shafer MM, Schauer JJ, Sioutas C. Impact of primary and secondary organic sources on the oxidative potential of quasi-ultrafine particles (PM0.25) at three contrasting locations in the Los Angeles Basin. Atmos Environ. 2015;120:286\u201396.","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"157_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901407","volume":"118","author":"RJ Delfino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Tjoa T, Arhami M, Polidori A, Gillen DL, et al. Association of biomarkers of systemic inflammation with organic components and source tracers in quasi-ultrafine particles. Environ Health Perspect. 2010;118:756\u201362.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2014.84","volume":"26","author":"S Wittkopp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wittkopp S, Staimer N, Tjoa T, Stinchcombe T, Daher N, Schauer JJ, et al. Nrf2-related gene expression and exposure to traffic-related air pollution in elderly subjects with cardiovascular disease: an exploratory panel study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015;26:141\u20139.","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"157_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.01.003","volume":"99","author":"AK Cho","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cho AK, Sioutas C, Miguel AH, Kumagai Y, Schmitz DA, Singh M, et al. Redox activity of airborne particulate matter at different sites in the Los Angeles Basin. Environ Res. 2005;99:40\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"157_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-7-6","volume":"7","author":"R Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li R, Ning Z, Majumdar R, Cui J, Takabe W, Jen N, et al. Ultrafine particles from diesel vehicle emissions at different driving cycles induce differential vascular pro-inflammatory responses: implication of chemical components and NF-kappaB signaling. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010;7:6.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"157_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.25.4.4515","volume":"25","author":"V Bonvallot","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bonvallot V, Baeza-Squiban A, Baulig A, Brulant S, Boland S, Muzeau F, et al. Organic compounds from diesel exhaust particles elicit a proinflammatory response in human airway epithelial cells and induce cytochrome p450 1A1 expression. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2001;25:515\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"157_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-08-1102","volume":"73","author":"Y Higashi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Higashi Y, Noma K, Yoshizumi M, Kihara Y. Endothelial function and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Circ J. 2009;73:411\u20138.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"157_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701665517","volume":"20","author":"JG Ayres","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ayres JG, Borm P, Cassee FR, Castranova V, Donaldson K, Ghio A, et al. Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles by measuring oxidative stress potential\u2014a workshop report and consensus statement. Inhal Toxicol. 2008;20:75\u201399.","journal-title":"Inhal Toxicol"},{"key":"157_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11666","volume":"116","author":"A Schneider","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schneider A, Neas L, Herbst MC, Case M, Williams RW, Cascio W, et al. Endothelial dysfunction: associations with exposure to ambient fine particles in diabetic individuals. Environ Health Perspect. 2008;116:1666\u201374.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206136","volume":"122","author":"A Zanobetti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zanobetti A, Luttmann-Gibson H, Horton ES, Cohen A, Coull BA, Hoffmann B, et al. Brachial artery responses to ambient pollution, temperature, and humidity in people with type 2 diabetes: a repeated-measures study. Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122:242\u20138.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2011.588437","volume":"22","author":"R Williams","year":"2012","unstructured":"Williams R, Brook R, Bard R, Conner T, Shin H, Burnett R. Impact of personal and ambient-level exposures to nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter on cardiovascular function. Int J Environ Health Res. 2012;22:71\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Health Res"},{"key":"157_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm448","volume":"28","author":"HA Struijker-Boudier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Struijker-Boudier HA, Rosei AE, Bruneval P, Camici PG, Christ F, Henrion D, et al. Evaluation of the microcirculation in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2834\u201340.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"157_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.093245","volume":"126","author":"AJ Flammer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Flammer AJ, Anderson T, Celermajer DS, Creager MA, Deanfield J, Ganz P, et al. The assessment of endothelial function from research into clinical practice. Circulation. 2012;126:753\u201367.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"157_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-6981(81)90024-X","volume":"15","author":"CE Rodes","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rodes CE, Holland DM. Variations of No, No2 and O-3 concentrations downwind of a Los-Angeles freeway. Atmos Environ. 1981;15:243\u201350.","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"157_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0668.2000.010004269.x","volume":"10","author":"CJ Weschler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Weschler CJ. Ozone in indoor environments: concentration and chemistry. Indoor Air. 2000;10:269\u201388.","journal-title":"Indoor Air"},{"key":"157_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-4-5","volume":"4","author":"L Ntziachristos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ntziachristos L, Froines JR, Cho AK, Sioutas C. Relationship between redox activity and chemical speciation of size-fractionated particulate matter. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2007;4:5.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"157_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/01902140303762","volume":"29","author":"S Becker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Becker S, Soukup JM, Sioutas C, Cassee FR. Response of human alveolar macrophages to ultrafine, fine, and coarse urban air pollution particles. Exp Lung Res. 2003;29:29\u201344.","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"157_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20748","volume":"22","author":"S Weichenthal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weichenthal S, Hoppin JA, Reeves F. Obesity and the cardiovascular health effects of fine particulate air pollution. Obesity. 2014;22:1580\u20139.","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"157_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.030023","volume":"64","author":"MS O\u2019Neill","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill MS, Veves A, Sarnat JA, Zanobetti A, Gold DR, Economides PA, et al. Air pollution and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a mechanism for susceptibility. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64:373\u20139.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"157_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-010-0095-2","volume":"4","author":"RJ Delfino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Vaziri ND. Air pollution and circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress. Air Qual Atmos Health. 2011;4:37\u201352.","journal-title":"Air Qual Atmos Health"},{"key":"157_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2013.25","volume":"23","author":"RJ Delfino","year":"2013","unstructured":"Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Tjoa T, Gillen DL, Schauer JJ, Shafer MM. Airway inflammation and oxidative potential of air pollutant particles in a pediatric asthma panel. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2013;23:466\u201373.","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"157_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181f20e6c","volume":"21","author":"RJ Delfino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Tjoa T, Arhami M, Polidori A, Gillen DL, et al. Associations of primary and secondary organic aerosols with airway and systemic inflammation in an elderly panel cohort. Epidemiology. 2010;21:892\u2013902.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"157_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000267","volume":"26","author":"A Hajat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hajat A, Allison M, Diez-Roux AV, Jenny NS, Jorgensen NW, Szpiro AA, et al. Long-term exposure to air pollution and markers of inflammation, coagulation, and endothelial activation a repeat-measures analysis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Epidemiology. 2015;26:310\u201320.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"157_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205146","volume":"121","author":"M Rivera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rivera M, Basagana X, Aguilera I, Foraster M, Agis D, de Groot E, et al. Association between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and subclinical atherosclerosis: the REGICOR study. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121:223\u201330.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"157_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108419","volume":"108","author":"SL Zeger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zeger SL, Thomas D, Dominici F, Samet JM, Schwartz J, Dockery D, et al. Exposure measurement error in time-series studies of air pollution: concepts and consequences. Environ Health Perspect. 2000;108:419\u201326.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T01:20:54Z","timestamp":1749000054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ehjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-016-0157-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2016","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"81"}}