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This study examined the association between ambient air pollutants and Afib occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using a representative sample from the National Health Insurance Database of Taiwan, we applied a case\u2013crossover study design to explore the associations between air pollutants and patients hospitalized with Afib from 2006 to 2011. The event day was when a patient was hospitalized with Afib, and the control days were the same days of the following weeks of the same month. The association between Afib occurrence and levels of ambient air pollutants (including particulate matter [PM] 2.5\u2009PM\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      , NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , SO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was examined after adjusting for temperature and relative humidity. A two-pollutant model was used to examine the effect of the second pollutant when the first pollutant was determined to be significantly related to Afib.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During 2006\u20132011, 670 patients hospitalized with the first onset of Afib were identified. The occurrence of Afib was associated with PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , in which a 22% (95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20093\u201344%) increase was related to an interquartile range increase (26.2\u2009\u03bcg\/m3) on the same day and a 19% (95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090\u201340%) increase on the second day. A two-pollutant model was applied, and the results indicated that the effect of PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      was significantly associated with the occurrence of Afib. Patients aged over 65\u2009years with DM and with hyperlipidemia were more susceptible to the effect of PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, the occurrence of Afib was associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollutants in the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0554-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T10:02:37Z","timestamp":1577700157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Atrial fibrillation hospitalization is associated with exposure to fine particulate air pollutants"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hsiu Hao","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih Chun","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih Hsiang","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue Leon","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"554_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq278","volume":"31","author":"AJ Camm","year":"2010","unstructured":"European Heart Rhythm A, European Association for Cardio-Thoracic S, Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, Van Gelder IC, Al-Attar N, et al. 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The confidentiality of the data abides by the data regulations of the Bureau of National Health Insurance. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Taiwan National Health Research Institutes approved this study (IRB No.: NHRI-107-EMSP02).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"117"}}