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In addition to studying the association between acrylamide and birth size, we investigated the interaction between acrylamide and polymorphisms in acrylamide-metabolising genes, with the aim of probing the causality of the inverse relationship between acrylamide and fetal growth.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We investigated the association between prenatal acrylamide exposure (acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adduct levels (AA-Hb and GA-Hb) in cord blood) and birth weight, length and head circumference in 443 newborns of the ENVIR<jats:italic>ON<\/jats:italic>AGE (ENVIRonmental influence <jats:italic>ON<\/jats:italic> AGEing in early life) birth cohort. In addition, we studied interaction with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <jats:italic>CYP2E1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>EPHX1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GSTP1,<\/jats:italic> using multiple linear regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among all neonates, the body weight, length and head circumference of neonates in the highest quartile was \u2212\u2009101\u2009g (95% CI: \u2212\u2009208, 7; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.12), \u2212\u20090.13\u2009cm (95% CI: \u2212\u20090.62, 0.36; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.69) and\u2009\u2212\u20090.41\u2009cm (\u2212\u20090.80, \u2212\u20090.01; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.06) lower, respectively, compared to neonates in the lowest quartile of AA-Hb in cord blood, For GA-Hb, the corresponding effect estimates were\u2009\u2212\u2009222\u2009g (95% CI: \u2212\u2009337, \u2212\u2009108; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.001), \u2212\u20090.85 (95% CI: \u2212\u20091.38, \u2212\u20090.33; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.02) and\u2009\u2212\u20090.55 (95% CI: \u2212\u20090.98, \u2212\u20090.11; p for trend\u2009=\u20090.01), respectively. The associations for GA-Hb were similar or stronger in newborns of non-smoking mothers. There was no statistically significant interaction between acrylamide exposure and the studied genetic variations but there was a trend of stronger inverse associations with birth weight and head circumference among newborns with homozygous wildtypes alleles for the <jats:italic>CYP2E1<\/jats:italic> SNPS and with variant alleles for a <jats:italic>GSTP1<\/jats:italic> SNP (rs1138272).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prenatal dietary acrylamide exposure, specifically in the form of its metabolite glycidamide, was inversely associated with birth weight, length and head circumference. The interaction pattern with SNPs in <jats:italic>CYP2E1,<\/jats:italic> although not statistically significant, is an indication for the causality of this association. Other studies are needed to corroborate this finding.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-021-00715-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T08:03:39Z","timestamp":1617264219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Cord blood acrylamide levels and birth size, and interactions with genetic variants in acrylamide-metabolising genes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1795-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janneke","family":"Hogervorst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hubert W.","family":"Vesper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narjes","family":"Madhloum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Gyselaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Nawrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"715_CR1","unstructured":"IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) some industrial chemicals. 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Participating mothers signed an informed consent form when they were at the hospital for delivery.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"35"}}