{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T22:35:25Z","timestamp":1788042925579,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013941","name":"CIBERDEM","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad-ISCIII"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI17\/02136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI17\/02136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI20\/01322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/01322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Consejer\u00eda de Salud y familias","award":["PI-0144-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI-0144-2018"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) \u201cA way to build Europe\u201d"},{"name":"Nicol\u00e1s Monardes research program of the Consejer\u00eda de Salud","award":["RC-0006-2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC-0006-2016"]}]},{"name":"Rio Hortega research contract","award":["CM19\/00186"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM19\/00186"]}]},{"name":"Rio Hortega research contract","award":["CM21\/00214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM21\/00214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Di@bet.es study is a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey which was conducted in 2008-2010 using a random cluster sampling of the Spanish population. The present analyses included 3859 individuals, without a previous thyroid disease diagnosis, and with negative thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of 0.1-20 mIU\/L. Participants were assigned air pollution concentrations for particulate matter &lt;2.5\u03bcm (PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), corresponding to the health examination year, obtained by means of modeling combined with measurements taken at air quality stations (CHIMERE chemistry-transport model). TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and TPO Abs concentrations were analyzed using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Modular Analytics E170 Roche).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In multivariate linear regression models, there was a highly significant negative correlation between PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations and both FT4 (p&lt;0.001), and FT3 levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, there was a significant association between PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations and the odds of presenting high TSH [OR 1.24 (1.01-1.52)\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.043], lower FT4 [OR 1.25 (1.02-1.54)\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.032] and low FT3 levels [1.48 (1.19-1.84)\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =&lt;0.001] per each IQR increase in PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      (4.86\u00a0\u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ).\u00a0There was no association between NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations and thyroid hormone levels. No significant heterogeneity was seen in the results between groups of men, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Exposures to PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      in the general population were associated with mild alterations in thyroid function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T09:03:33Z","timestamp":1660727013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8623-4331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viyey","family":"Doulatram-Gamgaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Maldonado-Araque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Lago-Sampedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Garc\u00eda-Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Garc\u00eda-Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Garc\u00eda-Vivanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Garrido Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Richard","family":"Theobald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mart\u00edn-Llorente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Ocon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Calle-Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Casta\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El\u00edas","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edelmiro","family":"Menendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Franch-Nadal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Gaztambide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Girb\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F Javier","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L","family":"Gal\u00e1n-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Aguilera-Venegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Gutierrez-Repiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Colomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Soriguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Rojo-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32345-0","volume":"391","author":"PJ Landrigan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Landrigan PJ, Fuller R, Acosta NJR, Adeyi O, Arnold R, Basu NN, et al. The Lancet Commission on pollution and health. The Lancet. 2018;391:462\u2013512.","journal-title":"The Lancet."},{"key":"889_CR2","unstructured":"Ambient air pollution: Health impacts. WHO. World Health Organization. http:\/\/www.who.int\/airpollution\/ambient\/health-impacts\/en\/. Accessed 29 September 2021."},{"key":"889_CR3","unstructured":"WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2.5\u00a0and PM10) , ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.WHO. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240034228"},{"key":"889_CR4","unstructured":"European Environment Agency (EEA). Air quality statistics. https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/data-and-maps\/dashboards\/air-quality-statistics Accessed 4 May 2022"},{"key":"889_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.042","volume":"155","author":"DE Schraufnagel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schraufnagel DE, Balmes JR, Cowl CT, De Matteis S, Jung SH, Mortimer K, et al. Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases: A Review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies\u2019 Environmental Committee, Part 1: The Damaging Effects of Air Pollution. Chest. 2019;155:409\u201316.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"889_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.12.078","volume":"367","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Cao Z, Li H, Su X, Yang Y, Liu C, et al. Air pollution exposure in association with maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2019;367:188\u201393.","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"889_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0780","volume":"29","author":"X Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang X, Liu C, Zhang M, Han Y, Aase H, Villanger GD, et al. Evaluation of Maternal Exposure to\u00a0 PM2.5 and Its Components on Maternal and Neonatal Thyroid Function and Birth Weight: A Cohort Study. Thyroid. 2019;29:1147\u201357.","journal-title":"Thyroid."},{"issue":"10","key":"889_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1912902","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.12902","volume":"2","author":"A Ghassabian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghassabian A, Pierotti L, Basterrechea M, Chatzi L, Estarlich M, Fern\u00e1ndez-Somoano A, et al. Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution with Thyroid Function During Pregnancy. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(10):e1912902.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"key":"889_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP508","volume":"125","author":"BG Janssen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Janssen BG, Saenen ND, Roels HA, Madhloum N, Gyselaers W, Lefebvre W, et al. Fetal Thyroid Function, Birth Weight, and in Utero Exposure to Fine Particle Air Pollution: A Birth Cohort Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2017;125:699\u2013705.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"889_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e182172","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.2172","volume":"1","author":"CG Howe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Howe CG, Eckel SP, Habre R, Girguis MS, Gao L, Lurmann FW, et al. Association of Prenatal Exposure to Ambient and Traffic-Related Air Pollution with Newborn Thyroid Function: Findings from the Children\u2019s Health Study. JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(5):e182172.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"889_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7790-1","volume":"19","author":"L Shang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shang L, Huang L, Yang W, Qi C, Yang L, Xin J, et al. Maternal exposure to PM2.5\u202fmay\nincrease the risk of congenital hypothyroidism in the offspring: a\nnational\u00a0database-based\u00a0study in China. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1412.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"889_CR12","first-page":"34621","volume":"28","author":"A Irizar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Irizar A, Txintxurreta A, Molinuevo A, Jimeno-Romero A, Anabitarte A, \u00c1lvarez JI, et al. Association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and newborn thyroxine (T4) levels. Environ Res. 2021;28:34621\u20139.","journal-title":"Environ Res."},{"key":"889_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16183464","volume":"16","author":"MA Zaccarelli-Marino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zaccarelli-Marino MA, Alessi R, Balderi TZ, Martins MAG. Association between the Occurrence of Primary Hypothyroidism and the Exposure of the Population Near to Industrial Pollutants in S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16:3464.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"889_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa338","volume":"105","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Kwon H, Yun JM, Cho B, Park JH. Association Between Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Thyroid Function in Korean Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105:2912\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"889_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01461-9","volume":"44","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeng Y, He H, Wang X, Zhang M, An Z. Climate and air pollution exposure are associated with thyroid function parameters: a retrospective cross-sectional study. J Endocrinol Invest. 2021;44:1515\u201323.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest."},{"key":"889_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2336-9","volume":"55","author":"F Soriguer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Soriguer F, Goday A, Bosch-Comas A, Bordi\u00fa E, Calle-Pascual A, Carmena R, et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Spain: The Di@bet.es Study. Diabetologia. 2012;55:88\u201393.","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"889_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0353","volume":"2","author":"S Vald\u00e9s","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vald\u00e9s S, Maldonado-Araque C, Lago-Sampedro Ana, Lillo JA, Garcia-Fuentes E, Perez-Valero V, et al. Population-Based National\nPrevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Spain and Associated Factors: Di@bet.es\nStudy. Thyroid. 2017;2:156\u201366.","journal-title":"Thyroid."},{"key":"889_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"WM Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"Association WM. World Medical Association declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2013;310:2191\u20134.","journal-title":"JAMA - J Am Med Assoc."},{"key":"889_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/9.4.408","volume":"12","author":"J Benotti","year":"1963","unstructured":"Benotti J, Benotti N. Protein-bound iodine, total iodine, and butanol-extractable iodine by automation. Clin Chem. 1963;12:408\u201316.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"889_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-6-981-2013","volume":"2013","author":"L Menut","year":"2013","unstructured":"Menut L, Bessagnet B, Khvorostyanov D, Beekmann M, Blond N, Colette A, CHIMERE, et al. a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling. Geosci Model Dev. 2013;2013(6):981\u20131028.","journal-title":"Geosci. Model Dev."},{"key":"889_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2008.05.004","volume":"24","author":"MG Vivanco","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vivanco MG, Palomino I, Vautard R, Bessagnet B, Martin F, Menut L, et al. Multi-year assessment of photochemical air quality simulation over Spain. Environ Model Softw. 2009;24:63\u201373.","journal-title":"Environ Model Softw."},{"key":"889_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19733-8_9","volume-title":"Geocomputation, sustainability and environmental planning","author":"MG Vivanco","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vivanco MG, Azula O, Palomino I, Mart\u00edn F. Evaluating the impact of resolution on the predictions of an air quality model over Madrid area (Spain). In: Murgante B, Borruso G, Lapucci A, editors. Geocomputation, sustainability and environmental planning. Berlin: Springer; 2011. p. 145\u201362."},{"key":"889_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEP.2012.049773","volume":"49","author":"F Mart\u00edn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn F, Palomino I, Vivanco MG. Combination of measured and modelling data in air quality assessment in Spain. Int J Environ Pollut. 2012;49:36\u201344.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Pollut."},{"key":"889_CR24","unstructured":"Spanish National Meteorological Agency. http:\/\/www.aemet.es Accessed 4 May 2022"},{"key":"889_CR25","unstructured":"Directive 2008\/50\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2008\/50\/2015-09-18. Accessed 29 September 2021."},{"issue":"5","key":"889_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101562","volume":"35","author":"J K\u00f6hrle","year":"2021","unstructured":"K\u00f6hrle J, Fr\u00e4drich C. Thyroid hormone system disrupting chemicals. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;35(5):101562.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"889_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8496","volume":"114","author":"GP Klein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Klein GP, Hodge EM, Diamond ML, Yip A, Dann T, Stern G, et al. Gas-phase ambient air contaminants exhibit significant dioxin-like and estrogen-like activity in vitro. Environ Health Perspect. 2006;114:697\u2013703.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect."},{"key":"889_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1021\/es971124n","volume":"32","author":"JH Clemons","year":"1998","unstructured":"Clemons JH, Allan LM, Marvin CH, Wu Z, McCarry BE, Bryant DW, et al. Evidence of estrogen- and TCDD-like activities in crude and fractionated extracts of PM10 air particulate material using in vitro gene expression assays. Environ Sci Technol. 1998;32:1853\u201360.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol."},{"key":"889_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.07.099","volume":"72","author":"S Rajagopalan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi SG, Brook RD. Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72:2054\u201370.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"889_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6757154","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6757154","volume":"2016","author":"A Mancini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mancini A, Di Segni C, Raimondo S, Olivieri G, Silvestrini A, Meucci E, et al. Thyroid Hormones, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm. 2016;2016:6757154.","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"889_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1061849","volume":"11","author":"RA Sinha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sinha RA, Singh BK, Zhou J, Wu Y, Farah BL, Ohba K, et al. Thyroid hormone induction of mitochondrial activity is coupled to mitophagy via ROS-AMPK-ULK1 signaling. Autophagy. 2015;11:1341\u201357.","journal-title":"Autophagy."}],"container-title":["Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T08:08:02Z","timestamp":1751357282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ehjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-022-00889-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2025","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original article has been corrected: The sentence in the Funding section \u201cInstituto de Salud Carlos III (PI17\/02136, PI20\/01322), Consejer\u00eda de Salud y familias (PI-0144-2018), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) \u201cA way to build Europe\u201d\u201d has been replaced with \u201cConsejer\u00eda de Salud y familias (PI-0144-2018), (PI17\/02136, PI20\/01322) funded by ISCIII and cofunded by the European Union\u201d.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"76"}}