{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T15:30:46Z","timestamp":1781019046371,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 ES015517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 ES015517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P01 ES011261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 ES011261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prenatal or early childhood secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure increases obesity risk. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, but obesogenic eating behaviors are one pathway that components of SHS could perturb. Our aim was to assess associations of prenatal and early childhood SHS exposure with adolescent eating behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data came from a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009207, Cincinnati, OH). With multiple informant models, we estimated associations of prenatal (mean of 16 and 26 weeks of gestation maternal serum cotinine concentrations) and early childhood cotinine (average concentration across ages 12, 24, 36, and 48 months) with eating behaviors at age 12 years (Child Eating Behaviors Questionnaire). We tested whether associations differed by exposure periods and adolescent\u2019s sex. Models adjusted for maternal and child covariates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found no statistically significant associations between cotinine measures and adolescent\u2019s eating behaviors. Yet, in females, prenatal cotinine was associated with greater food responsiveness (\u03b2: 0.23; 95%\u00a0CI: 0.08, 0.38) and lower satiety responsiveness (\u03b2: -0.14; 95%\u00a0CI: -0.26, -0.02); in males, prenatal and postnatal cotinine was related to lower food responsiveness (prenatal: \u03b2: -0.25; 95%\u00a0CI: -0.04, -0.06; postnatal: \u03b2: -0.36; 95%\u00a0CI: -0.06, -0.11). No significant effect modification by sex or exposure window was found for other eating behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prenatal and early childhood SHS exposures were not related to adolescent\u2019s eating behavior in this cohort; however, biological sex may modify these associations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T03:42:37Z","timestamp":1712979757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Early life exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and eating behaviors at age 12 years"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Nerea","family":"Mourino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuoya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"P\u00e9rez-R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Yolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce P.","family":"Lanphear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie P.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi J.","family":"Kalkwarf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim M.","family":"Cecil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1076_CR1","unstructured":"Obesity and overweight: World Health Organization. 2021 [ https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight."},{"key":"1076_CR2","unstructured":"Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen T-C, Davy O, Fink S et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017\u2013March 2020 Prepandemic Data Files Development of Files and Prevalence Estimates for Selected Health Outcomes. 2021."},{"issue":"20","key":"1076_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109191","volume":"386","author":"DR Jacobs Jr","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jacobs DR Jr., Woo JG, Sinaiko AR, Daniels SR, Ikonen J, Juonala M, et al. Childhood Cardiovascular Risk factors and Adult Cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(20):1877\u201388.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1076_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr., Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr., Lenfant C. Definition of metabolic syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute\/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation. 2004;109(3):433-8.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000111245.75752.C6"},{"issue":"7","key":"1076_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.7.1769","volume":"28","author":"ES Ford","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ford ES. Risks for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes associated with the metabolic syndrome: a summary of the evidence. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(7):1769\u201378.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1076_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115572","volume":"224","author":"N Mourino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mourino N, P\u00e9rez-R\u00edos M, Yolton K, Lanphear BP, Chen A, Buckley JP, et al. Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and cardiometabolic risk at 12 years: periods of susceptibility. Environ Res. 2023;224:115572.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1076_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23480","volume":"30","author":"N Mourino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mourino N, P\u00e9rez-R\u00edos M, Yolton K, Lanphear BP, Chen A, Buckley JP, et al. Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and body composition at 12 years: periods of susceptibility. Obes (Silver Spring). 2022;30(8):1659\u201369.","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1076_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.02.018","volume":"304","author":"F Grun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grun F, Blumberg B. Endocrine disrupters as obesogens. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009;304(1\u20132):19\u201329.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"1076_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.011","volume":"199","author":"X Lv","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lv X, Sun J, Bi Y, Xu M, Lu J, Zhao L, et al. Risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease associated with secondhand smoke exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2015;199:106\u201315.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1076_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665100000434","volume":"59","author":"G Williams","year":"2000","unstructured":"Williams G, Harrold JA, Cutler DJ. The hypothalamus and the regulation of energy homeostasis: lifting the lid on a black box. Proc Nutr Soc. 2000;59(3):385\u201396.","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1076_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2012.1101","volume":"70","author":"A Haghighi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haghighi A, Schwartz DH, Abrahamowicz M, Leonard GT, Perron M, Richer L, et al. Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking, amygdala volume, and fat intake in adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70(1):98\u2013105.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"1076_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1597921","volume":"22","author":"AF Da R\u00e9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Da R\u00e9 AF, Gurgel LG, Buffon G, Moura WER, Marques Vidor DCG, Maahs MAP. Tobacco influence on taste and smell: systematic review of the literature. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018;22(1):81\u20137.","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1076_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10147","volume":"53","author":"YH Jo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jo YH, Talmage DA, Role LW. Nicotinic receptor-mediated effects on appetite and food intake. J Neurobiol. 2002;53(4):618\u201332.","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1076_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12979","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12979","volume":"18","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Li N, Buckley JP, Cecil KM, Chen A, Eaton CB, et al. Associations between eating behaviours and cardiometabolic risk among adolescents in the Health outcomes and measures of the Environment study. Pediatr Obes. 2023;18(2):e12979.","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"3843","key":"1076_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1126\/science.161.3843.751","volume":"161","author":"S Schachter","year":"1968","unstructured":"Schachter S. Obesity and eating. Internal and external cues differentially affect the eating behavior of obese and normal subjects. Science. 1968;161(3843):751\u20136.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"1076_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2015.07.006","volume":"152","author":"C Llewellyn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Llewellyn C, Wardle J. Behavioral susceptibility to obesity: gene-environment interplay in the development of weight. Physiol Behav. 2015;152(Pt B):494\u2013501.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"1076_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e034838","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-034838","volume":"10","author":"JM Braun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Braun JM, Buckley JP, Cecil KM, Chen A, Kalkwarf HJ, Lanphear BP, et al. Adolescent follow-up in the Health outcomes and measures of the Environment (HOME) study: cohort profile. BMJ Open. 2020;10(5):e034838.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"1076_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn301","volume":"169","author":"NL Benowitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Benowitz NL, Bernert JT, Caraballo RS, Holiday DB, Wang J. Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers within different racial\/ethnic groups in the United States between 1999 and 2004. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169(2):236\u201348.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1076_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00792","volume":"42","author":"J Wardle","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wardle J, Guthrie CA, Sanderson S, Rapoport L. Development of the children\u2019s eating Behaviour Questionnaire. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2001;42(7):963\u201370.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"1076_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002453","volume":"119","author":"BN S\u00e1nchez","year":"2011","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez BN, Hu H, Litman HJ, T\u00e9llez-Rojo MM. Statistical methods to study timing of vulnerability with sparsely sampled data on environmental toxicants. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119(3):409\u201315.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1076_CR21","first-page":"757","volume":"62","author":"A Costa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Costa A, Warkentin S, Ribeiro C, Severo M, Ramos E, Hetherington M, et al. Early life exposures are associated with appetitive traits in infancy: findings from the BiTwin cohort. Eur J Nutr. 2023;62(2):757\u201369.","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1076_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2023.101780","volume":"50","author":"L Bourne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bourne L, Bryant-Waugh R, Mandy W, Solmi F. Investigating the prevalence and risk factors of picky eating in a birth cohort study. Eat Behav. 2023;50:101780.","journal-title":"Eat Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"1076_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22384","volume":"48","author":"S Cardona Cano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cardona Cano S, Tiemeier H, Van Hoeken D, Tharner A, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, et al. Trajectories of picky eating during childhood: a general population study. Int J Eat Disord. 2015;48(6):570\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"1076_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001083","volume":"34","author":"M Mansolf","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mansolf M, Blackwell CK, Cummings P, Choi S, Cella D. Linking the child behavior checklist to the strengths and difficulties Questionnaire. Psychol Assess. 2022;34(3):233\u201346.","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"1","key":"1076_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199001000-00017","volume":"29","author":"M Marchi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Marchi M, Cohen P. Early childhood eating behaviors and adolescent eating disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990;29(1):112\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1076_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921429","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.921429","volume":"16","author":"A Sikic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sikic A, Frie JA, Khokhar JY, Murray JE. Sex differences in the Behavioural Outcomes of Prenatal Nicotine and Tobacco exposure. Front Neurosci. 2022;16:921429.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1076_CR27","unstructured":"Fourth Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, Tables U. March, (2021). Atlanta, GA: U.S.: Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2021."},{"key":"1076_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.08.006","volume":"418","author":"TC Peixoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peixoto TC, Moura EG, Oliveira E, Younes-Rapozo V, Soares PN, Rodrigues VST, et al. Hypothalamic neuropeptides expression and hypothalamic inflammation in adult rats that were exposed to Tobacco smoke during breastfeeding: sex-related differences. Neuroscience. 2019;418:69\u201381.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"1076_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1159\/000363325","volume":"99","author":"G Paslakis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paslakis G, Buchmann AF, Westphal S, Banaschewski T, Hohm E, Zimmermann US, et al. Intrauterine exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with increased ghrelin concentrations in adulthood. Neuroendocrinology. 2014;99(2):123\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"1076_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105847","volume":"172","author":"E Di Micioni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Di Micioni E, Botticelli L, Del Bello F, Giorgioni G, Piergentili A, Quaglia W, et al. Assessing the role of ghrelin and the enzyme ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) system in food reward, food motivation, and binge eating behavior. Pharmacol Res. 2021;172:105847.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1076_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12236","volume":"27","author":"M Perello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Perello M, Dickson SL. Ghrelin signalling on food reward: a salient link between the gut and the mesolimbic system. J Neuroendocrinol. 2015;27(6):424\u201334.","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"1076_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2009.04.002","volume":"156","author":"I Depoortere","year":"2009","unstructured":"Depoortere I. Targeting the ghrelin receptor to regulate food intake. Regul Pept. 2009;156(1\u20133):13\u201323.","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1076_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508892471","volume":"99","author":"S Scaglioni","year":"2008","unstructured":"Scaglioni S, Salvioni M, Galimberti C. Influence of parental attitudes in the development of children eating behaviour. Br J Nutr. 2008;99(Suppl 1):S22\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"1076_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017925","volume":"18","author":"NL Benowitz","year":"1996","unstructured":"Benowitz NL. Cotinine as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Epidemiol Rev. 1996;18(2):188\u2013204.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"1076_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002727","volume":"119","author":"TJ Woodruff","year":"2011","unstructured":"Woodruff TJ, Zota AR, Schwartz JM. Environmental chemicals in pregnant women in the United States: NHANES 2003\u20132004. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119(6):878\u201385.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T03:44:02Z","timestamp":1712979842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ehjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-024-01076-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-069X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-069X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The institutional review boards of Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, the participating delivery hospitals, and the CDC approved this study. During a face-to-face visit, research assistants explained study protocols to each prospective participant and completed a checklist to ensure women were fully informed. At the 12-year visit, adolescents provided written informed assent after study protocols were explained and their questions answered.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"JMB\u2019s institution was financially compensated for his services as an expert witness for plaintiffs in litigation related to PFAS-contaminated drinking water; these funds were not paid to JMB directly. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"37"}}