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The contributions of the NIH author(s) were made as part of their official duties as NIH federal employees, are in compliance with agency policy requirements, and are considered Works of the United States Government. However, the findings and conclusions presented in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This research was also supported by the grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K99-ES036288 and R01-ES024749).We thank Dr. Antonia M. Calafat and Dr. Julianne Cook Botelho for their comprehensive analysis of the PFAS data. All study protocols were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Boards at Henry Ford Health System, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and Boston University Medical Center. All data used in this manuscript are confidential.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25"}}