{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:05:10Z","timestamp":1788354310570,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Correctly identifying anaerobic bloodstream infections (BSIs) is difficult. However, a new technique, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), enables more accurate identification and appropriate treatment. Anaerobic BSIs identified by MALDI-TOF MS were retrospectively analyzed to determine the clinical and microbiological features and patient outcomes based on the anaerobic genera or group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of patients with anaerobic BSIs were used to conduct a single-center retrospective cohort study from January 2016 to December 2020 in Nagoya, Japan. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 215 patients with anaerobic BSIs, 31 had multiple anaerobic organisms in the blood culture, including 264 total episodes of anaerobic BSIs.\n                      <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were isolated the most (n\u2009=\u200974), followed by gram-positive non-spore-forming bacilli (n\u2009=\u200957),\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (n\u2009=\u200952), gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) (n\u2009=\u200927), and gram-negative cocci (n\u2009=\u20097). The median patient age was 76\u00a0years; 56.7% were male. The most common focal infection site was intra-abdominal (36.7%). The in-hospital mortality caused by anaerobic BSIs was 21.3%, and was highest with\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (36.5%) and lowest with GPAC (3.7%). Age, solid tumors, and\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified current anaerobic BSI trends using MALDI-TOF MS and reported that mortality in patients with anaerobic BSIs patients was highest with\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-021-00449-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T10:21:46Z","timestamp":1623234106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Application of MALDI-TOF MS to assess clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes associated with anaerobic bloodstream infection: a retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5189-9584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yoshimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waka","family":"Yokoyama-kokuryo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Yokoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"449_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1086\/516355","volume":"26","author":"JH Salonen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Salonen JH, Eerola E, Meurman O. 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The study data were anonymized before use. As this case series does not contain any personal information that could lead to patient identification, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42"}}