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Terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal agent that exhibits a broad spectrum of activity and is used in the treatment of dermatophytosis, could be a possible option to disarm <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> virulence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Terbinafine inhibitory effect on staphyloxanthin was characterized by quantitative measurement of staphyloxanthin intermediates and molecular docking. The effect of terbinafine on <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> stress survival was characterized by viable counting. The anti-biofilm activity of terbinafine on <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> was assessed by the crystal violet assay and microscopy. Changes in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> membrane following treatment with terbinafine were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The synergistic action of terbinafine in combination with conventional antibiotics was characterized using the checkerboard assay. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the impact of terbinafine on <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> gene expression. The influence of terbinafine on <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis was investigated in mice infection model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Terbinafine inhibits staphyloxanthin biosynthesis through targeting dehydrosqualene desaturase (CrtN). Docking analysis of terbinafine against the predicted active site of CrtN reveals a binding energy of \u2212\u20099.579\u00a0kcal\/mol exemplified by the formation of H-bonds, H-arene bonds, and hydrophobic\/hydrophilic interactions with the conserved amino acids of the receptor pocket. Terbinafine treated <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> was more susceptible to both oxidative and acid stress as well as human blood killing as compared to untreated cells. Targeting staphyloxanthin by terbinafine rendered <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> more sensitive to membrane acting antibiotics. Terbinafine interfered with <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> biofilm formation through targeting cell autoaggregation, hydrophobicity, and exopolysaccharide production. Moreover, terbinafine demonstrated a synergistic interaction against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> when combined with conventional antibiotics. Importantly, terbinafine attenuated <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis using mice infection model. qRT-PCR revealed that terbinafine repressed expression of the transcriptional regulators <jats:italic>sigB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>sarA,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>msaB<\/jats:italic>, as well as <jats:italic>icaA<\/jats:italic> in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Present findings strongly suggest that terbinafine could be used safely and efficiently as an anti-virulent agent to combat <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-022-00513-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T13:04:57Z","timestamp":1653915897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Antibiofilm and staphyloxanthin inhibitory potential of terbinafine against Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo studies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Momen","family":"Askoura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nehal","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basem","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Al-zahraa A.","family":"Yehia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"513_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200423825","volume":"114","author":"TJ Foster","year":"2004","unstructured":"Foster TJ. 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