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It is unclear if clinical outcomes are also more similar. This study aims to assess clinical outcomes of bloodstreams infections (BSI) caused by\n                      <jats:italic>K. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , through secondary data analysis, nested in PRO-BAC cohort study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hospitalized patients between October 2016 and March 2017 with monomicrobial BSI due to\n                      <jats:italic>K. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      or\n                      <jats:italic>E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      were included. Primary outcome was a composite clinical outcome including all-cause mortality or recurrence until 30\u00a0days follow-up. Secondary outcomes were fever\u2009\u2265\u200972\u00a0h, persistent bacteraemia, and secondary device infection. Multilevel mixed-effect Poisson regression was used to estimate the association between microorganisms and outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 29\u00a0K\n                      <jats:italic>. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 77\n                      <jats:italic>E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 337\u00a0K\n                      <jats:italic>. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      BSI episodes were included. Mortality or recurrence was less frequent in\n                      <jats:italic>K. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      (6.9%) than in\n                      <jats:italic>E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (20.8%) or\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (19.0%), but statistical difference was not observed (rate ratio (RR) 0.35, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.55; RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.71, respectively). Fever\u2009\u2265\u200972\u00a0h and device infection were more common in\n                      <jats:italic>K. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      group. In the multivariate analysis, adjusted for confounders (age, sex, BSI source, hospital ward, Charlson score and active antibiotic therapy), the estimates and direction of effect were similar to crude results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results suggest that BSI caused by\n                      <jats:italic>K. aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      may have a better prognosis than\n                      <jats:italic>E. cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      or\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      BSI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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PRO-BAC study was approved by the Spanish Medicines Agency and the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena with waiver for informed consent (approval reference code: FIS-AMO-201601). Approval was also obtained at each participating centre. This secondary data analysis study was approved by London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine research Ethics Committee (approval reference code: 28651).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"LELC has been scientific advisor for Angelini, speaker for Angelini, ViiV, Gilead and Correvio, and has served as trainer for ViiV. JRB. has received honoraria from Merck for accredited educational activities. The other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42"}}